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"Retailing is changing extremely rapidly in the emerging economies, both as a driver of social and economic change, and a consequence of economic development and the rise of consumer societies. Changes that took many decades in Europe or North America are happening at a much greater speed in emerging markets while regulations continue to be hotly contested in these markets, raising questions about appropriate business strategies for both globalising firms and local contenders. While much has been written about retail in emerging markets, the focus has been primarily on the nature of entry strategies for western retail companies. This book seeks to capture the impact of both internal and external regulations on retail development and strategy in emerging markets. It provides a comprehensive and up to date assessment of the development of retailing in a wide range of emerging economies, and seeks to capture the interplay between both retail policy and retail strategy and the theoretical implications of this on retail development as a whole. This book will be of interest to academics, researchers and advanced students with an interest in retail development in emerging markets, international business/strategy and international marketing"--

Essay A ("Anchor Store Quality and Competition in Shopping Malls"): The ability of shopping centers to attract customers and increase sales depends in part on their anchor stores, the small number of large-sized, high-profile tenants located in every mall. In this paper, I develop a theoretical model of competition between anchor and non-anchor stores in a shopping mall, with the goal of explaining an observed pattern of choices of anchor-store quality levels made by mall developers. In particular, I examine the relationship between a mall's anchor-store quality levels, size, and measures of mall performance (visitor traffic and revenues). I find that mall size, because of its relationship to the probability that consumers will find a "fit" between their preferences and the non-anchor store's goods, has varying effects on price competition between the stores, visitor traffic, mall revenues, and anchor quality levels chosen by mall developers. The primary analytical result is that mall size has a positive and concave, i.e. inverse U-shaped, relationship with the probability that the developer chooses a high-quality anchor over a low-quality one. I then validate the predictions of this model using a data set containing information about key strategic variables for major North American malls, showing that the proposed relationships are robust to the inclusion of inter-mall competitive effects and additional relevant controls.Essay B ("Negative Advertising and Voter Choice"): Negative advertising in political campaigns has been especially timely in recent years, given the increased presence of negative advertising with each successive U.S. election cycle. Using data containing detailed information from both voter surveys and automated ad monitoring, we model choices made by both voters and candidates in U.S. House and Presidential elections in 2000. On the voter side, we model and estimate both voter candidate choice as well as voter turnout, and find that negative advertising has a positive effect both on voter turnout and on the likelihood of voting for the candidate sponsoring the ad. We then examine the campaign's choice of negative advertising and the manner in which it is related to various voter and market characteristics. The key findings are that negative advertising is more likely to be chosen when the cost of advertising is low, when races are closer, when the candidate is a "challenger" rather than an incumbent, and when the voter market is less educated, which makes it less likely that there will be greater scrutiny of candidates by voters.

Intro -- RETAILING MANAGEMENT -- Title page -- Copyright -- Dedication -- About the authors -- Preface -- Connect -- Acknowledgments -- Brief contents -- Contents -- Half Title -- Section 1 -- Chapter 1: Introduction to the World of Retailing -- Chapter 2: Types of Retailers -- Chapter 3: Digital Retailing -- Chapter 4: Multichannel and Omnichannel Retailing -- Chapter 5: Consumer Behavior -- Section 2 -- Chapter 6: Retail Market Strategy -- Chapter 7: Financial Strategy -- Chapter 8: Retail Locations -- Chapter 9: Retail Site Location -- Chapter 10: Information Systems and Supply Chain Management -- Chapter 11: Customer Relationship Management -- Section 3 -- Chapter 12: Managing the Merchandise Planning Process -- Chapter 13: Buying Merchandise -- Chapter 14: Retail Pricing -- Chapter 15: Retail Communication Mix -- Section 4 -- Chapter 16: Human Resources and Managing the Store -- Chapter 17: Store Layout, Design, and Visual Merchandising -- Chapter 18: Customer Service -- Section 5 -- Glossary -- Company Index -- Name Index -- Subject Index.

Distribution has been a major element of retailers′ marketing
strategy in recent years as companies strive to control costs but at the
same time seek competitive advantage through improving service to stores
and gaining greater control of stock in the supply chain. In an
interview survey of distribution directors from major multiple groups,
all companies were reviewing their distribution strategy and many had
made major changes to their distribution system. Centralisation of stock
in strategically located RDCs and the use of third party contractors
were main features of retail companies′ strategy. Contractors were much
more aggressive in marketing their services to retailers than hitherto.
This is partly related to the competitive and turbulent nature of the
industry. In a survey of marketing directors/managers of distribution
companies, it was clear that firms were trying to raise their profile in
the market as they "went public" and/or because they were
moving into new industry sectors away from their "core"
specialist areas.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the applicability of Pay-What-You-Want (PWYW) pricing multi-channel retailing. Specifically, the impact of PWYW endogenous price discrimination on consumers' price fairness perception of and reactions to PWYW is investigated.Design/methodology/approachThree empirical studies with different product categories were conducted through lab experiments with student sample using scenario-based experimental approach.FindingsResults indicate the viability of PWYW with lower suggested external reference price. The impact of PWYW endogenous price discrimination is dependent upon the magnitude of price deviation from regular market price and product category. Consumers' negative perceptions of price differentiation interacted with their underlying beliefs about the retailer's cost of products across different channels. PWYW acceptance can be fostered in multi-channel by communication of additional-value generated in offline selling.Originality/valueThe current research is possibly the first to explore PWYW viability in the multi-channel context by exploring the consumer's price perception process and critical consumer reactions through a well-structured research framework.

Conceptual schemes of the organizational ecology are applied to reveal major trends in the evolution of trading formats in Russian retailing at present. They include the increasing share of modern stores, downstream waves of exploring the market niches from premium to economic market segments, and the spread of the multiformat strategy. The role of new trading formats in Russia is compared with that in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Scenarios of future development in the retailing sector are presented.