Suchergebnisse

The article analyses the legal regulation of relations in the field of customs rules on crime prevention. An effective tool for simplifying customs procedures and formalities – electronic declaration – has been allocated – a set of measures, which include: submission of electronic declaration and documents in electronic form for declaration of goods and vehicles, carrying out customs control and customs registration of these goods and vehicles. It is noted that electronic declaration allowed the declarant or customs broker to remotely implement all necessary measures for customs clearance, without coming with paper documents directly to customs. Attention is drawn to the fact that an important element in the development of customs control is the improvement of customs post-audit and risk assessment. The main principles of customs post-audit are highlighted: comprehensive inspection of the subject of foreign economic activity at any moment, and its application exclusively to bona fide participants of foreign economic activity. Attention is drawn to the fact that parallel improvement of national and international legislation necessarily improves the procedure for carrying out foreign economic operations, optimizes logistics cycles, international routes, changes the structure of trade turnover. With the consistent harmonization of the customs legislation of Ukraine with the legislation of the European Union countries and international conventions, some innovative models and mechanisms are being created, which after a certain period of time are introduced into practical activities through the implementation of organizational and technical measures of a production, administrative and commercial nature. It has been observed that against the background of an increasing increase in the commission of offences in the customs sphere, Ukraine needs to reconsider the question of extending the above-mentioned provisions of the Convention to its territory. Especially since all annexes to the Convention had been acceded to by ...

The article offers a sympathetic critique of the original formulations of multi‐local/multi‐sited ethnography. The 'multi‐sited imaginary' values unboundedness and promotes methodological freedom, but it also implies a problematic reconfiguration of holism (on a grander scale). Whereas these formulations were extremely productive in straining against certain methodological rigidities, their very success in breaking down 'boundaries' has given rise to new problems in the doing and writing of ethnography. Written from the perspective of a recent Ph.D. graduate and first‐time fieldworker, the article suggests we reconsider the value of self‐imposed limitations, of boundedness as a methodological tool. What role did the bounded field‐site play for its so‐called 'traditional' practitioners in social/cultural anthropology? What role could it play for anthropologists who have taken on board the precepts of multi‐sitedness? Based on a case study from my own fieldwork in Corsica, I argue that we could think of boundedness (paradoxically) as a productive way of challenging holisms and deferring closure. The bounded field‐site, rethought as an 'arbitrary location', becomes an explicitly 'partial' and incomplete window onto complexity.

This article brings to attention one of the main developments recorded in the context of European defence cooperation, namely the establishment of the European Defence Fund (EDF). Conceived as an initiative aimed at contributing to the financial support of cooperation projects in the fields of capability development and defence research, the EDF represents an innovation that began to operate starting with 2021, offering additional perspectives for strengthening the Common Security and Defence Policy. Although it is a new initiative, the European Defence Fund was preceded by preparatory measures in which the necessary procedural framework and mechanisms were defined. From this perspective, the analysis developed in this article deepens the thesis regarding the positive impact of EDF for the sustainability of European cooperation in the field of defence. The strategic value of the new tool for integrating capability development and research aspects is another direction explored in the article. Last but not least, the economic role of EDF benefits of special attention in this study, from the perspective of the way in which various entities from the EU territory perceived EDF, being reflected mainly in the increase of their participation in the drafting projects and participating in competition.

This volume constitutes the first ever attempt to establish a basis for comparative research on defence procurement regulation. For decades there has been repeated emphasis on the extent to which barriers to trade in Europe and the US prevent a more competitive defence market. Transatlantic Defence Procurement offers a first analysis of the potential impact of defence procurement regulation itself as a barrier to trade between the US and EU. Part I examines the external dimension of a new EU Defence Procurement Directive, focusing on its implications for third countries, in particular the US. Part II examines foreign access and treatment under US law. Part III maps a future research agenda that is essential for a more systematic understanding of legal barriers to transatlantic defence trade. The book provides context for future initiatives, ranging from reformed market access arrangements to a Defence Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership and beyond

Introduction -- The transatlantic defence market in the context of defence trade cooperation -- Sources of EU defence procurement law -- Excluded contracts under the defence directive and cooperative procurement -- Third country modes of participation in the EU market for defence procurement -- The defence directive as a potential barrier to trade with the United States -- Sources of US federal defence procurement law -- Foreign participation in open competition under US law -- Non-competitive procurement under US law -- US law on foreign acquisition -- Government-to-government contracts and offsets -- Regulating defence procurement in a transatlantic defence market and beyond : plotting a legal discourse

ABSTRACT
This paper identifies factors that may lead transnational companies to support transnational regulation in order to level the field between themselves and their rivals when they confront an uneven field produced by either public regulation or private governance. Transnational regulation offers these companies a means to reduce competitive losses by distributing compliance costs to rivals. Differential regulation is necessary but insufficient to result in corporate advocacy for an international agreement or other forms of transnational regulation. Instead, other factors influence the strength or weakness of those preferences for transnational regulation, such as (i) the extent of global footprint, (ii) the net gain or loss resulting from heightened compliance costs, (iii) targets and mechanisms for regulatory change, (iv) market participant profiles, (v) stakeholder characteristics, and (vi) a company's susceptibility to private governance.

Although the EU legal framework applicable to defence procurements is – given its very nature – of particular importance, very little structured information is available about it. Defence procurements have special status within the European public procurements, given their potential impacts on the essential (national) security interests of the Member States. The European regulation sets forth a legal framework for Member States, and it is the Member States that are liable for meeting the basic intentions of this regulation. The European Commission (if necessary, together with the Court of Justice of the European Union) ensures the compliance of the national legislations with the EU law, just as well the proper application of the aforementioned rules. The present article summarises the European legal framework specifically applicable to defence procurements, examines the transposition of the relevant EU directive, and certain additional interesting aspects. Due to obvious constraints, the detailed analysis of the laws of each Member State with regard to defence procurement is not possible – even though this is a very important further aspect to the topic. Also, one should be conscious about the fact that in case of defence procurements there are even more factors to be considered, such as international law or the security of supply.