Suchergebnisse

Nhan Van-Giai Pham (NVGP) refers to a surge of domestic political protest that peaked in the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRY) in 1956, two years after the Geneva Accords ceded control over the northern half of the country to Ho Chi Minh's Communist government. Led by a diverse cohort of writers, poets, scholars, artists, and lawyers, some of whom were Communist party members and all of whom had supported the Viet Minh war effort against France (1946-1954), NVGP attacked the corruption and dogmatism of Communist officialdom and agitated for greater intellectual freedom and limited political reform. Here, Zinoman relates a revisionist interpretation to Nhan Van-Giai Pham and Vietnamese 'reform communism' in the 1950s. Adapted from the source document.

This article reexamines Nhân Văn–Giai Phẩm (NVGP), a political protest movement led by intellectuals that coalesced in the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in 1956. The article reassesses the development of the movement and the internal composition of its leadership. Through a close reading of the major publications produced by NVGP, the article takes issue with the conventional view, which characterizes the movement as a robust grouping of political dissidents against the party-state. The article shows that NVGP should in fact be seen as a relatively timid strain of the "revisionist" or "reform Communist" movements that emerged throughout the Communist world in the wake of Iosif Stalin's death.

This article is concerned with the concept of "scientific and technological revolution" (STR) as it was elaborated since the late 1950s and early 1960s by the Czechoslovak philosopher Radovan Richta. The aim of this text is to analyze Richta's theory of revolution, which was a vital part of his STR research project, and to place it within the wider context of the thinking about revolution in post-war Czechoslovakia. The STR theory of revolution is discussed as part of a longer development from the discourse of "national and democratic revolution" in the immediate post-war years and transformations of the theory of revolution under Stalinism and post-Stalinism to Richta's attempt to renew and rethink the issue of revolution as a part of the reform communist political and social thinking.

This article is concerned with the concept of "scientific and technological revolution" (STR) as it was elaborated since the late 1950s and early 1960s by the Czechoslovak philosopher Radovan Richta. The aim of this text is to analyze Richta's theory of revolution, which was a vital part of his STR research project, and to place it within the wider context of the thinking about revolution in post-war Czechoslovakia. The STR theory of revolution is discussed as part of a longer development from the discourse of "national and democratic revolution" in the immediate post-war years and transformations of the theory of revolution under Stalinism and post-Stalinism to Richta's attempt to renew and rethink the issue of revolution as a part of the reform communist political and social thinking.

This article is concerned with the concept of "scientific and technological revolution" (STR) as it was elaborated since the late 1950s and early 1960s by the Czechoslovak philosopher Radovan Richta. The aim of this text is to analyze Richta's theory of revolution, which was a vital part of his STR research project, and to place it within the wider context of the thinking about revolution in post-war Czechoslovakia. The STR theory of revolution is discussed as part of a longer development from the discourse of "national and democratic revolution" in the immediate post-war years and transformations of the theory of revolution under Stalinism and post-Stalinism to Richta's attempt to renew and rethink the issue of revolution as a part of the reform communist political and social thinking.

This is the final version of the article. Available from Oxford University Press via the DOI in this record. ; This article looks at the fields of psychoanalysis and psychiatry to read socialist Yugoslavia's complex international and political position. It argues that the history of postwar mental health professions in this country opens up a larger social and political story of liberalization and authoritarianism in socialist Eastern Europe. After 1948, the conflict with the Cominform, and split with the USSR, Yugoslavia went on to receive Western material help, as well as political support, and developed its own more liberal and internationally open brand of socialism, predicated on the ideas of workers' self-management and nonalignment. Yugoslav psychiatry and psychoanalysis became the most liberalized and Westernized professions in the region, but they also contributed to the operation of the violent "re-education" program at Goli Otok, the most authoritarian and repressive political project in Yugoslav history aimed at "re-educating" pro-Stalinists in the Yugoslav Communist Party. In this article, those two sides of the Yugoslav psychiatric profession will be demonstrated through the prism of self-management. First, the article discusses the application of psychotherapeutic techniques and self-management in the violent context of re-education camps for political prisoners. A similar combination of psychoanalysis and principles of self-management in "civilian" and Westernized child psychiatry is analysed in the second part. The article shows how these very similar notions and ideological principles could be used within the same sociopolitical framework and by the same profession but for radically different purposes.

This article looks at the fields of psychoanalysis and psychiatry to read socialist Yugoslavia's complex international and political position. It argues that the history of postwar mental health professions in this country opens up a larger social and political story of liberalization and authoritarianism in socialist Eastern Europe. After 1948, the conflict with the Cominform, and split with the USSR, Yugoslavia went on to receive Western material help, as well as political support, and developed its own more liberal and internationally open brand of socialism, predicated on the ideas of workers' self-management and nonalignment. Yugoslav psychiatry and psychoanalysis became the most liberalized and Westernized professions in the region, but they also contributed to the operation of the violent "re-education" program at Goli Otok, the most authoritarian and repressive political project in Yugoslav history aimed at "re-educating" pro-Stalinists in the Yugoslav Communist Party. In this article, those two sides of the Yugoslav psychiatric profession will be demonstrated through the prism of self-management. First, the article discusses the application of psychotherapeutic techniques and self-management in the violent context of re-education camps for political prisoners. A similar combination of psychoanalysis and principles of self-management in "civilian" and Westernized child psychiatry is analysed in the second part. The article shows how these very similar notions and ideological principles could be used within the same sociopolitical framework and by the same profession but for radically different purposes.

Cover -- Contents -- Editors' Preface -- Introduction -- 1 Russia and Revolution -- The Russia question -- On the eve -- The call of revolution and its critics -- 2 Bolshevism and its Critics -- Marxism and Bolshevism -- The 'freest country in the world' -- The Bolshevik revolution -- Bolshevik experiments -- Bolshevik alternatives -- The politics of utopia - a negative transcendence -- Bolshevism: the Russifi cation of Marxism? -- 3 Stalinism and Communist Reform -- Stalin's revolution from above -- Russia and war -- The limits of reform communism -- Nation and adaptation -- Stability and order in the communist revolution -- 4 The Great Retreat -- Modernisation and mis-modernisation -- The party-state and citizenship -- Resistance and dissent -- Reform communism and dissolutio -- Disintegration of the state -- The end of communism in Russia -- 5 Communism in Russia -- The great experiment -- Anticipating and interpreting the end -- Russia and communism: an internal clash of civilisations -- Russia after communism -- References -- Index.