Suchergebnisse

AbstractParents' alcohol use is associated with alcohol use of their adolescent offspring, but does this association extend to the adulthood of the offspring? We examined associations of paternal and maternal problem drinking with lifetime problem drinking of their adult offspring prospectively assessed in a population-based Finnish twin-family cohort (FinnTwin16). Problem drinking (Malmö-modified Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test) was self-reported separately by mothers and fathers when their children were 16. The children reported on an extended lifetime version of the same measure during their mid-twenties (21-28 years) and mid-thirties (31-37 years). 1235 sons and 1461 daughters in mid-twenties and 991 sons and 1278 daughters in mid-thirties had complete data. Correlations between fathers' and their adult children's problem drinking ranged from .12 to .18. For mothers and their adult children, these correlations ranged from .09 to .14. In multivariate models, adjustment for potential confounders had little effect on the observed associations. In this study, parental problem drinking was modestly associated with lifetime problem drinking of their adult children. This association could be detected even when the children had reached the fourth decade of life.

Abstract

Aims
Negative affect has been implicated in risk for the development of problematic drinking behavior. Furthermore, there is evidence for reciprocal relationships between negative affect and problem drinking, such that engagement in problem drinking also predicts increases in negative affect. However, affective models of risk often fail to consider affective lability—the experience of rapidly changing mood. Although affective lability appears to increase risk for problem drinking, it is unknown if this relationship persists above and beyond other affect-related constructs (e.g. depression, anxiety) and if it is reciprocal in nature. Accordingly, we used a longitudinal survey design to examine (a) if affective lability predicts problem drinking above and beyond depression and anxiety and (b) if affective lability and problem drinking demonstrate a reciprocal relationship.


Methods
First-year college students (n = 358) participated in a three wave longitudinal study. We constructed a structural equation model (SEM) of a random intercept cross-lagged panel model to test our hypotheses.


Results
Consistent with our hypotheses, affective lability predicted increases in problem drinking while anxiety and depression did not. Problem drinking and affective lability demonstrated a reciprocal relationship in which increases in one predicted increases in the other at subsequent time points. This relationship was present beyond the predictive effects of anxiety or depression.


Conclusions
Affective lability appears to be an important affect-based predictor of problem drinking, and there may be a reciprocal, risk-enhancing relationship between affective lability and problem drinking.
Components of negative affect, such as depression or anxiety, have been shown to predict risk for problem drinking, and vice versa. A less considered construct, affective lability, predicted problem drinking while anxiety and depression did not add any predictive power. Problem drinking and affective lability also appeared to demonstrate a reciprocal relationship.

The contribution from genetic loading in a series of male parasuicidal patients with early onset alcohol problem was found to be of less importance than the nurturance factor of separation from father during childhood. Behavioural patterns in this younger onset group were significantly more antisocial than those in the older onset group.

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- About the Author -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- Introduction to the Person-Centred Approach -- Session 1 Wednesday Morning, 11 October -- Supervision 1 Thursday Afternoon, 12 October -- Session 2 Wednesday Morning, 18 October -- Session 3 Wednesday Morning, 25 October -- Session 4 Wednesday Morning, 1 November -- Supervision 2 Friday Afternoon, 3 November -- Session 5 Wednesday Morning, 8 November -- Session 6 Wednesday Morning, 15 November -- Session 7 Wednesday Morning, 22 November -- Supervision 3 Friday Afternoon, 24 November -- Session 8 Wednesday Morning, 29 November -- Session 9 Wednesday Morning, 6 December -- Session 10 Wednesday Morning, 20 December -- Supervision 4 Friday Afternoon, 22 December -- Session 11 Wednesday Morning, 3 January -- Session 12 Wednesday Morning, 17 January -- Final Reflection -- References -- Further Reading -- Useful Contacts -- Index