Suchergebnisse

Olive pomace (OP) is the main residue that results from olive oil production. OP is rich in bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, so its use in the treatments of diseases related to oxidative stress, such as cancer, could be considered. The present work aimed to study the biological properties of different OP extracts, obtained by ohmic heating-assisted extraction and conventional heating, using water and 50% ethanol, in the treatment and prevention of colorectal cancer through Caco-2 cell models. Additionally, an in-silico analysis was performed to identify the phenolic intestinal absorption and Caco-2 permeability. The extracts were chemically characterized, and it was found that the Ohmic-hydroethanolic (OH-EtOH) extract had the highest antiproliferative effect, probably due to its higher content of phenolic compounds. The OH-EtOH induced potential modifications in the mitochondrial membrane and led to apoptosis by cell cycle arrest in the G1/S phases with activation of p53 and caspase 3 proteins. In addition, this extract protected the intestine against oxidative stress (ROS) caused by H2O2. Therefore, the bioactive compounds present in OP and recovered by applying a green technology such as ohmic-heating, show promising potential to be used in food, nutraceutical, and biomedical applications, reducing this waste and facilitating the circular economy. ; This work was supported by the Grants from MCIN, CIBEROBN (CB06/03/1012), Red Multimetdrugs (RED2018-102471-T), and the Government of Aragón (B16-20R), the Interreg Sudoe Program (REDVALUE, SOE1/P1/E0123) through the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) and the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UIDB/04469/2020 unit. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Olive pomace (OP) is the main residue that results from olive oil production. OP is richin bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, so its use in the treatments of diseases related tooxidative stress, such as cancer, could be considered. The present work aimed to study the biologicalproperties of different OP extracts, obtained by ohmic heating-assisted extraction and conventionalheating, using water and 50% ethanol, in the treatment and prevention of colorectal cancer throughCaco-2 cell models. Additionally, an in-silico analysis was performed to identify the phenolic intestinalabsorption and Caco-2 permeability. The extracts were chemically characterized, and it was found thatthe Ohmic-hydroethanolic (OH-EtOH) extract had the highest antiproliferative effect, probably dueto its higher content of phenolic compounds. The OH-EtOH induced potential modifications in themitochondrial membrane and led to apoptosis by cell cycle arrest in the G1/S phases with activationof p53 and caspase 3 proteins. In addition, this extract protected the intestine against oxidative stress(ROS) caused by H2O2. Therefore, the bioactive compounds present in OP and recovered by applying agreen technology such as ohmic-heating, show promising potential to be used in food, nutraceutical,and biomedical applications, reducing this waste and facilitating the circular economy. ; This work was supported by the Grants from MCIN, CIBEROBN (CB06/03/1012), RedMultimetdrugs (RED2018-102471-T), and the Government of Aragón (B16-20R), the Interreg SudoeProgram (REDVALUE, SOE1/P1/E0123) through the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) and the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategicfunding of UIDB/04469/2020 unit.

peer-reviewed ; Olive Pomace (OP) is the main agricultural by-product of olive industry; because of its nature, it is a major environmental issue for all the olive-producing countries. Research on the waste-management issues of OP has been active over the last decade. The data presented in the present review suggest that OP could be exploited as an alternative dietary lipid source in compounded fish feeds resulting in the formulation of functional fish feeds and aquacultured fish according to the EU legislation (EC 1924/2006). Moreover OP can also be used in agriculture by inclusion in animal feeds without attenuating animal performance and meat quality. In this review, all the latest results on the in vitro and in vivo studies regarding the usage of OP in fish and animal feeds are evaluated and the environmental and nutritional implications for aquaculture and agriculture industries are presented. ; PUBLISHED ; peer-reviewed

Every year more than 15 millions tones of olive mill wastes (OMW) are generated in the EU. Those wastes consist in vegetation waters, effluents from olive oil, washing, leaves and other solids coming from wet pomaces from two phase extraction systems. Each of these residues presents different challenges, and is sometimes covered by different legal frameworks at European and National level. The Oleico+ project (LIFE07INF/IT/438), brought together four European Institutions from olive oil producing Countries, Greece, Italy, Spain and Portugal, to seek and select a set of environmental friendly technologies for the remediation or valorization of OMW, and to raise the awareness of olive oil stakeholders for an environmental sustainable olive mill waste management. The OMW management is becoming a critical issue for the sustainability of olive oil industry, because of the increasing quantities generated, the public environmental awareness and stricter environmental laws. Challenges posed by the OMW management are as diverse as the context of olive production itself. In all cases olive mill owners are in the top of an economic sector of major social and environmental importance in some of the more vulnerable Mediterranean regions of Europe, in an environment of depressed olive oil prices and a several of legal constrains and regulations. In this paper we examine the different contexts of OMW generation and management, their respective waste-streams and legislative frameworks. The work will also compare the situation across the four Member States, and presents the different technologies selected for the "Awareness Raising Campaign for the Treatment and Valorization of Olive Mill Wastes" now occurring in all Member Stat

The valorization of olive pomace through the extraction of phenolic compounds at an industrial scale is influenced by several factors that can have a significant impact on the feasibility of this approach. These include the types and levels of phenolic compounds that are present, the impact that seasonal variation and cultivar type have on the phenolic compound content in both olive pomace and mill effluents and the technological approach used to process the olive crop. Chemical analysis of phenolic compounds was performed using an HPLC-diode-array detector (DAD)-qTOF system, resulting in the identification of 45 compounds in olive mill wastewater and pomace, where secoiridoids comprised 50–60% of the total phenolic content. This study examined three different factors that could impact the phenolic compound content of these processing streams, including cultivar types typically grown on local farms in Slovenia, the type of downstream processing used and seasonality effects. Olive crop varieties sourced from local farms showed high variability, and the highest phenolic content was associated with the local variety "Istrska Belica". During processing, the phenolic content was on average approximately 50% higher during two-phase decanting compared to three-phase decanting and the type of compound present significantly different. An investigation into the seasonal effects revealed that the phenolic content was 20% higher during the 2019 growing season compared to 2018. A larger sample size over additional growing seasons is required to fully understand the annual variation in phenolic compound content. The methods and results used in this study provide a basis for further analysis of phenolic compounds present in the European Union's olive crop processing residues and will inform techno-economic modelling for the development of olive biorefineries in Slovenia.

The valorization of olive pomace through the extraction of phenolic compounds at an industrial scale is influenced by several factors that can have a significant impact on the feasibility of this approach. These include the types and levels of phenolic compounds that are present, the impact that seasonal variation and cultivar type have on the phenolic compound content in both olive pomace and mill effluents and the technological approach used to process the olive crop. Chemical analysis of phenolic compounds was performed using an HPLC-diode-array detector (DAD)-qTOF system, resulting in the identification of 45 compounds in olive mill wastewater and pomace, where secoiridoids comprised 50–60% of the total phenolic content. This study examined three different factors that could impact the phenolic compound content of these processing streams, including cultivar types typically grown on local farms in Slovenia, the type of downstream processing used and seasonality effects. Olive crop varieties sourced from local farms showed high variability, and the highest phenolic content was associated with the local variety "Istrska Belica". During processing, the phenolic content was on average approximately 50% higher during two-phase decanting compared to three-phase decanting and the type of compound present significantly different. An investigation into the seasonal effects revealed that the phenolic content was 20% higher during the 2019 growing season compared to 2018. A larger sample size over additional growing seasons is required to fully understand the annual variation in phenolic compound content. The methods and results used in this study provide a basis for further analysis of phenolic compounds present in the European Union's olive crop processing residues and will inform techno-economic modelling for the development of olive biorefineries in Slovenia.

The olive oil industry produces large volumes of wastes, which are also potential sources of bioactive compounds by developing healthy and/or functional foods. Extraction of phenolic compounds from the residues of the olive oil is mainly carried out with solvents. However, there is currently a growing public awareness about the use of organic solvents in food processing, which has pointed out the need for the application of clean technologies such as pressurized liquid extraction (PLE). Therefore, the aim of this research was to optimize the phenolic compound extraction from olive pomace by PLE, establishing the qualitative and quantitative phenolic profile by HPLC-ESI-TOF/MS. The extraction design to recover phenolics from olive pomace demonstrates a great compositional variability of PLE extracts obtained under different experimental conditions. Indeed, quantitative results have pointed out the selectivity of PLE extraction when this technique is applied to the treatment of olive pomace. PLE-optimized conditions showed higher total phenolic compound content than conventional extraction (1659 mg/kg d.w. and 281.7 mg/kg d.w., respectively). Among these phenolics, the quantity of secoiridoids and flavonoids in the optimized PLE extract was three and four times higher than in conventional extracts. Furthermore, optimal PLE conditions allowed to obtain an enriched hydroxytyrosol extract which was not detected in the conventional one. ; This work was funded by projects AGL2015-67995-C3-2-R, RTI2018-096724-B-C22, and IJCI-2015-26789 (Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation), and P11-CTS-7625 and B-AGR-466-UGR18 (Andalusian Regional Government Council of Innovation and Science).

The drying experiments were performed at different temperatures of the drying air (40, 50, and 60°C) and air velocity of 2.5 and 3.5 m/s. Six thin-layer drying models were evaluated and fitted to the experimental moisture data. The fit quality of the models was evaluated using the determination coefficient, chi-square, and root mean square error. Among the selected models, the Midilli et al. model was found to be the best model for describing the drying behaviour of olive pomace. Charcoal is used as a domestic fuel for cooking and heating in many developing countries. It is an important green source for making barbecue, which is obtained from agricultural waste. Due to less CO2 emission, it reduces health risk and deforestation. The coal briquette carbonisation production process consists of a carbonisation stage and a forming stage. During the forming stage, the raw material is mixed with a suitable binder. The final stage of the charcoal process after formation is drying. In this study, the drying parameters of charcoal briquettes made from the olive pomace-making process were evaluated. Three different temperatures and velocities were selected for the drying applications. The low temperature drying process was performed at 60, 50, and 40°C with air velocities of 3 and 2.5. The results were in the range of 3 to 8 hours of drying time. The drying data were applied to six different mathematical models, namely 1Diffusion Approach, 2Henderson and Pabis, 3Two term exponential, 4Midilli et al., 5Page, and 6Wang and Singh Equation Models. The performances of these models were compared according to the coefficient of determination (R2), standard error of estimate (SEE),

AbstractOlive oil extraction has recently experienced a continuous increase due to its related beneficial properties. Consequently, large amounts of olive mill wastes (OMWs) derived from the trituration process are annually produced, causing serious environmental problems. The limited financial capabilities of olive mills make them usually unable to bear the high costs required for the disposal of their wastes. Alternatively, the valorization of OMWs within the framework of the so-called waste-to-resource concept and their recycling can represent a successful strategy for the implementation of circular economy model in the olive industry, which could have significant socioeconomic impacts on low-income Mediterranean countries. There is, however, no unique solution for OMWs valorization, due to the wide variety of the wastes' composition and their seasonal production. In this review, the potential of OMWs for being reused and the recent technological advances in the field of OMWs valorization are assessed. Special focus is given to the analysis of the advantages and limitations of each technology and to reporting the most significant issues that still limiting its industrial scale-up. The information collected in this review shows that OMW could be effectively exploited in several sectors, including energy production and agriculture. OMWs potential seems, however, undervalued, and the implementation of sustainable valorization strategies in large-scale remains challenging. More efforts and policy actions, through collective actions, encouraging subsidies, and establishing public–private collaborations, are still needed to reconcile research progress with industrial practices and encourage the large-scale implementation of the waste-to-resource concept in the olive sector.

Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná ; The olive pomace oil is the principal by-product in the olive oil sector. Nonetheless the production uses olive bagasse after the primary extraction, it also produces byproducts and effluents that need strategic approach to possibility reuse and a treatment. This study aimed for the characterization of the effluent from an olive pomace oil extractor industry and investigate the application of physicochemical pre-treatments to future water reuse. The physicochemical characterization shows high amounts of BOD and COD for the effluent freshly produced (E1) and effluent collected from storage tanks (E2) in the industrial plant. Other parameters were evaluated: Phosphorus, Organic nitrogen and Ammonia, FOG, Phenolic compounds, Alkalinity, TS, TDS and TSS, and Biodegradability (Zahn-Wellens Test). E2 shows the storage tanks were able to reduce 55% of TS and TDS, 77.5% of COD and 69% of BOD when compared with E1. Comparing with the Portuguese legislation, these effluents cannot be discharge to waterbodies and need treatments, such as coagulation and flocculation as tested in this work. Aluminium Sulphate show to work at best as a coagulant in the minimum concentration 10 g/L and pH 5, RIFLOC F45 (4 mg/L) was used as flocculant. After the treatment, it was observed a remotion of 95.6% of turbidity, 76,4% of COD,76,7% of TSS, and 85.4% of PhC when compared with E2. A sampling campaign was carried out on the Tua river to assess its water quality, and samples were taken at four different points to assess the impact of the effluent discharge, with none of the evaluated parameters presenting values higher than those recommended by the Law-Decree nº236/98 from the Portuguese Legislation. ; O óleo de bagaço de azeitona é o principal subproduto do setor do azeite. Apesar de a produção utilizar um bagaço de azeitona após a extração primária, também produz subprodutos e efluentes que necessitam de uma abordagem estratégica, possibilidade de reaproveitamento e tratamento. Este estudo teve como objetivo a caracterização do efluente de uma indústria extratora de óleo de bagaço de azeitona e investigar a aplicação de pré-tratamentos físico-químicos no futuro reaproveitamento da água. A caracterização físico-química mostra elevados teores de DBO e DQO para o efluente recém-produzido (E1) e efluente coletado dos tanques de armazenamento (E2). Outros parâmetros foram analisados: Fósforo, Nitrogênio orgânico e Amônia, OG, Compostos fenólicos (CF), Alcalinidade, ST, SDT e SST e Biodegradabilidade (Teste de Zahn-Wellens). E2 mostra que os tanques de armazenamento foram capazes de reduzir 55% de ST e SDT, 77,5% de DQO e 69% de DBO quando comparados com E1. Comparando com a legislação portuguesa, estes efluentes não podem ser encaminhados para corpos d'água e necessitam de tratamentos, como coagulação e floculação, conforme testado neste trabalho. O sulfato de alumínio mostrou funcionar melhor como coagulante na concentração mínima de 10 g/L e pH 5, RIFLOC F45 (4 mg / L) foi usado como floculante. Após o tratamento, foi verificado a remoção de 95,6% de turbidez ,76,4% de DQO, 76,7% de SST e 85,4% de CF quando comparado com E2. Foi realizada uma campanha de amostragem no rio Tua, para avaliação da qualidade da sua água, tendo-se procedido à recolha de amostras em quatro pontos diferentes, para avaliar o impacto da descarga do efluente, sendo que nenhum dos parâmetros avaliados apresentou valores superiores aos recomendados pelo Decreto-Lei 236/98 da legislação portuguesa. ; To the Project NORTE-01-0247-FEDER-072124, named BagaÇo+Valor: Tecnologia Limpa para a Valorização dos Subprodutos do Bagaço na Indústria Extratora de Azeite.