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Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 -- The Utilization of Waste Materials in the Glass and Ceramics Industries: Available Approaches and Technological Aspects -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Glass-Ceramics Synthesis from Agricultural Waste -- 3. Advanced Ceramics Production from Fly Ash and Sewage Sludge -- 4. Production of Glass-Ceramic Materials from Thermal Power Station Waste -- 5. Production of Glass-Ceramic Materials from the Metallurgical Sector -- 5.1. Production of Glass-Ceramics from Aluminum Metallurgy Sector Residuals -- 5.2. Utilization of Waste from the Iron and Steel Industrial Sector -- 6. Recycling of Glass-Ceramic Industrial Residuals -- 7. Glass-Ceramic Materials from Spent Catalysts -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 2 -- Quality of Recycling: Conserving Functionality of Geochemically Scarce Elements Associated with Aluminum Life Cycles -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Dysfunctionality, Non-Functionality and Refining Options -- 2.1. Dysfunctional and Non-Functional Geochemically Scarce Elements -- 2.2. Refining Options -- 3. Current Fate of Geochemically Scarce Elements Functionally Associated with Aluminum Life Cycles -- 3.1. Production -- 3.2. Use and End-of-Life Stages -- 3.3. Concluding Remarks -- 4. Reducing Losses of Geochemically Scarce Functional Elements in Recycling -- 4.1. Choice of Al Alloy, Surface Coating and Options for Joining -- 4.1.1. Choice of Al Alloy -- 4.1.1.1. Substitution of Geochemically Scarce Elements by Physical Interventions -- 4.1.1.2. Using 'Recycling Friendly' Alloys -- 4.1.1.3. Minimize Diversity of Alloys Used in Products -- 4.1.1.4. Substitution of Geochemically Scarce Elements Characterized by Relatively Large Losses from the Metal Phase in Re-Melting -- 4.1.1.5. Recycling to Alloys Which Have High Tolerances for Geochemically Scarce Elements

The recycling and reuse of materials and objects were extensive in the past, but have rarely been embedded into models of the economy: this volume explores these practices in the Roman economy, drawing on a variety of methodological approaches and new scientific developments in a wide-ranging interdisciplinary study.

COVER -- TITLE -- COPYRIGHT -- CONTENTS -- INTRODUCTION -- WHAT TO DO WITH SO MUCH TRASH -- THE THREE R'S -- CHAPTER 1 RECYCLING BASICS -- RECYCLING PROGRAMS -- REASONS TO RECYCLE AND REUSE -- REASONS NOT TO RECYCLE AND REUSE -- CHAPTER 2 WHAT IS RECYCLED? -- FROM CURB TO NEW PRODUCT: HOW ITEMS ARE RECYCLED -- RECYCLING CODES FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF PLASTICS -- HOW ITEMS ARE REUSED -- CHAPTER 3 RECYCLING AND REUSE TODAY -- LOCAL COMMUNITIES MAKING A DIFFERENCE -- RECYCLING AROUND THE WORLD -- SCIENCE MEETS RECYCLING AND REUSE -- CHAPTER 4 HOW YOU CAN RECYCLE AND REUSE -- CREATIVE WAYS TO REUSE DISPOSABLE ITEMS -- ENCOURAGING YOUR SCHOOL TO RECYCLE AND REUSE -- GLOSSARY -- FOR MORE INFORMATION -- WEB SITES -- FOR FURTHER READING -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- INDEX -- ABOUT THE AUTHOR -- PHOTO CREDITS.

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- Part I: Recycling and Reuse -- Examination of Soil Improvement with Reused Tires and Pets -- Introduction -- Material and Methods -- Results and Discussion -- References -- An Appraisal of Domestic Wastewater Segregation from the Perspective of Recovery, Recycling, and Reuse -- Introduction -- Segregation of Domestic Wastewater and Segregated Streams -- An Overview of Recovery/Recycling/Reuse of Materials and Energy from Segregated Streams -- Recovering Water from Gray Water -- Recovering Plant Nutrients from Yellow Water -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- Beneficial Use of Dredged Materials in Geotechnical Engineering -- Introduction -- Dredging of Sediments -- Dredged Sediment Management -- Disposal of Dredged Sediments -- Beneficial Use of Dredged Sediments -- Evaluation of the Suitability of Dredged Sediments for Beneficial Use -- Possible Beneficial Use Options for Dredged Sediments According to Contamination Levels -- Possible Beneficial Use Options for Coarse and Fine-Grained Materials -- Beneficial Use of Sediments in Geotechnical Engineering Applications -- Road and Rail Embankments and Beds -- Beach Nourishment -- Construction and Raising of Coastal Lands -- Habitat Creation or Restoration -- Execution of Dams and Embankments -- Strip Mine Reclamation -- Landfill Daily Covers and Capping Material -- Parks and Recreation -- Geotechnical Properties and Beneficial Use of Dredged Sediments -- Conclusions -- References -- University Students' Recycling Behavior and Attitudes Toward the Disposal of Solid Wastes -- Introduction -- Material and Methods -- Results -- Recycling and University Students: How Do University Students Dispose of Potentially Recyclable Wastes (Paper and Cardboard, Glass, Metal Can, Etc.)?.

Recycling and reuse of treated wastewater are an important part of the sanitation cycle and critical in an environment such as urban India with decreasing freshwater availability and increasing costs for delivering acceptable quality water, often from far distance. This report has been developed as a possible guidance document for the Indian government and gives substantial focus to the financial and economic benefits of wastewater recycling from the perspective of public spending. The report presents possible strategies for city and state planners and policymakers in view of the sanitation situation and the role of wastewater recycling in the larger cities in India (class I and II cities and towns with populations above 50,000), and focuses on recycling at the end of sewerage systems after treatment at sewage treatment plants.

Direct observations are used to analyze reuse and recycling pattems of 100 families in a middle-sized northwestem Mexico city and reveal that reuse is practiced more than recycling. An inventory administered to housewives examined potentfal predictors of the studied practices, investigating dispositional factors (motives, competencies, beliefs, knowledge), demographic variables (age, income, education), and situational variables (storage facilities, presence of collectors of recyclables, use of radio, TV, newspapers, and books). Each variable was presumed related to conservation behavior. Multiple regression and causal structural models were used to investigate the direct and indirect effects of these factors. Multiple regressions produced a limited number of significant (direct) predictors of reuse and recycling, whereas structural models revealed conservation competencies and motives to reuse/recycle to be the most important direct predictors. Moreover, these analyses showed that situatonal and demographic factors exerted significant indirect influence on conservation behavior through reuse/recycling motives and competencies.