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The second edition of The Nonprofit Sector provides a novel, comprehensive, cross-disciplinary perspective on nonprofit organizations and their role and function in society. This new, updated edition keeps pace with industry trends and advances as well as with the changing interests and needs of students, practitioners, and researchers. As before, every chapter has been written to stand on its own, providing sufficient background for the reader to follow the argument without referring to other chapters-allowing readers to selectively choose those chapters that are most relevant to a particular course, interest, or issue.The Nonprofit Sector: A Research Handbook includes twenty-seven new or updated chapters. Relevant chapters from the previous edition have been refined, and new chapters have been added to fill in gaps, making this the authoritative reference for all who want an accessible, perceptive, and all-inclusive rendering of the nonprofit sector. The contributors-prominent scholars in their respective fields-carefully reflect upon the variety of changes in the rapidly growing world of nonprofits, examining a wide array of organizations, international issues, social science theories, and philanthropic traditions and covering a broad range of topics including the history and scope of nonprofit activities in the United States and abroad, the relation of nonprofits to the marketplace, government-nonprofit issues, key activities of nonprofits, aspects of giving to and joining nonprofits, and nonprofit mission and governance. For anyone who wishes to have a deeper understanding of the nonprofit sector, this remains the essential guide.From reviews of the first edition:"[This book] is the closest thing to a 'bible' of nonprofit sector research and state-of-the-art social science knowledge as currently exists."-Dennis R. Young, Public Administration Review"Invaluable to anyone currently engaged in research or policy decisions involving nonprofit organizations or, for that matter, considering becoming involved."-Jerald Schiff, Journal of Policy Analysis and Management"An exceptionally useful resource."-Mark D. Hughes, The Philanthropist

A practitioner who has had even casual contact with the nonprofit sector has undoubtedly noticed that both internal and external forces exert pressure on nonprofits to collaborate and to accomplish more with fewer resources. There are, of course, many factors driving this pressure, including the economic downturn, funder preferences, government policy changes, and the reality that many nonprofits focus on complicated issues that often require a multi-faceted approach.In my work with the St. Louis nonprofit community, I see nonprofits grappling with this reality in a variety of ways. As practitioners, we can provide real value to our nonprofit clients by helping them identify, evaluate, and appropriately document collaborative arrangements.

The Nonprofit Sector in Hungary by Eva Kuti is reviewed.

Books reviewed in this article:Paul C. Light, Making Nonprofits WorkSteven J. Ott (ed.), Understanding Nonprofit OrganizationsWilliam B. Werther, Jr. and Evan M. Berman, Third Sector Management

In 1913 -- just prior to World War I -- the United States Congress established a national income tax. There was a concern, however, that the income tax would lead individuals to reduce their charitable contributions. Accordingly, Congress rendered donations to groups 'organized and operated for charitable, scientific, and educational purposes' exempt from taxable income. This included an enormous variety of groups: social service agencies, community health clinics, cultural groups, and educational organizations. In the years that followed a variety of more specific groups were included such that non-profit organizations now qualify for tax-exempt donations if their purpose includes assisted the poor, protecting the environment, advancing art, science, education, religion, or culture and, more generally, pursuing purposes beneficial to the community. Although the favorable treatment of such organizations is myriad, this article focuses on the tax-deductible status of donations to such groups in the US. Adapted from the source document.

Numerous studies have found women to be more public spirited than men, volunteering more and giving a larger share of their income to nonprofits. Yet in the theoretical literature on the nonprofit sector, the role of women has been largely neglected. This article uses cross-national data to examine the relationship between women's empowerment, voluntary action and the nonprofit sector. I find a strong and positive relationship between women's empowerment, voluntary action, and nonprofit sector strength. These findings suggest a need for a gender theory that offers new insights into the nonprofit sector. If policy makers intensify their efforts to promote women's empowerment, this could not only increase equity but may strengthen the nonprofit sector. This, in a virtuous circle, could further help to promote women's empowerment.