Suchergebnisse

"Native Citizens!" Citizenship, Family, and Governance During the Haitian Revolution, 1789-1806 Given the upheaval of the Haitian Revolution, and first head-of-state Jean-Jacques Dessalines's insistence on divesting Haiti from all French influence, it is unsurprising that many historians have depicted Dessalines's rule as a dramatic rupture; the end of an old state, and the beginning of a new one. However, despite Dessalines's stated desire to divest from French influence, he continued to use the language of citizenship in legal texts, speeches, and proclamations, despite its strong association with French republicanism. By examining legislative texts and proclamations from 1793 to 1806, I argue that Dessalines used the language of citizenship as a shorthand for duty, obedience, and unity, in order to ensure the security both of the nation, and of his own authority. In doing so, he continued a trend set by pre-independence administrators, who used citizenship rhetoric in their attempts to establish order after the proclamation of emancipation in 1793. "Thrown into this Hospitable Land:" French Refugees in Virginia, 1793-1810 I explore the experiences of French refugees from the Haitian Revolution in Virginia, tracing several members of one refugee household in order to understand how refugees negotiated the opportunities and limitations that they faced upon arrival in the state. French refugees were received in the state with a combination of enthusiasm and suspicion, with the latter being particularly directed towards enslaved refugees, who were feared to carry the "contagion" of slave revolt. By piecing together the archival traces left by two members of the Burot family – planter Alexander Burot, and enslaved domestic Julia Ann Burot – and their immediate relatives, I speculate on the ways in which they addressed the obstacles they faced in Virginia, and argue that their ability to exploit personal and professional relationships, together with sheer good fortune, was instrumental to their achieving some level of socio-economic success in the state.

Um neue Wege der Evaluierung von Migrationspolitiken zu eröffnen, habe ich mittels direkter Beobachtung und qualitativer Interviews Oficinas de Extranjeros – Zuwanderungsämter in Spanien – untersucht. Schnell habe ich einsehen müssen, dass meine Position als Forscher in diesem Kontext widersprüchlich ist, da ich mich als spanischer Staatsbürger unter Zuwanderer(inne)n in einem Raum bewegte, in dem die einzigen spanischen Staatsbürger(innen) Polizei- oder zivile Staatsbedienstete waren. Ich reflektierte über diese Trennung und die Art, wie ich als Teil der Institution wahrgenommen wurde, wie ich es empfand: als "typischer" Mittelklasse-Bürger spanischer Herkunft, der wenig mit den Zuwanderer(inne)n gemeinsam hatte, die er untersuchen wollte. Meine diesbezüglichen Überlegungen veranlassten mich, eine Reihe verschiedener Forschungsstrategien auszuprobieren, um die Insider/Outsider-Gegenüberstellung zu überwinden, die zwischen Zuwanderer(inne)n und "Einheimischen" besteht. Der vorliegende Beitrag reflektiert die angewandten Strategien und generell die auftretenden Schwierigkeiten und Dilemmata, ein "Insider" (ein Freund) werden zu wollen, während man offensichtlich ein Outsider (ein Fremder) bleibt.

[2], vi, 38, [2] p. ; 19 cm. (8vo) ; Attributed to Hanson by Evans. ; Dedicated to William Paca.

Cover -- CITIZEN INDIANS -- Title -- Copyright -- CONTENTS -- Acknowledgments -- A Note on Sources -- INTRODUCTION: Going Public -- CHAPTER 1. A Mighty Drama: The Politics of Performance -- CHAPTER 2. General Principles and Universal Interests: The Politics of Reform -- CHAPTER 3. For the Good of the Indian Race: The Reform of Politics -- CHAPTER 4. The Progressive Road of Life: Writing and Reform -- CONCLUSION: A Present and a Future -- Notes -- Index

Why do the natives of Sabah oppose the internal migration of natives from the rest of Malaysia? Why is being "native" not enough? The hostility is in direct contrast to what most scholars know about Malaysia: a multiethnic country with successful preferential policies for its natives-the "sons of the soil." In a plural state like Malaysia, there are competing native claims on citizenship. Here, regional natives (Kadazandusun from Sabah) contest claims by federal natives (Malays). The conflicts over culture, economy, and political power fracture a national citizenship into its regional and federal parts, pitting native against native. In particular, regional natives empower the notion of a regional citizenship by supporting restrictions on the internal migration of fellow citizens. As a consequence, Malaysia's goal of a "national" citizenry fashioned on native Malay norms is undermined. Malaysia offers important insight into the enduring dilemma of modern plural states: how to create a common national citizenship. (Asian Perspect/GIGA)