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In this article we use a case study of opencast coal mining in the southern valleys of Wales to explore the ordinary and everyday spatialities of environmental injustice. Responding to recent geographical critiques of environmental justice research and engaging with post-colonial studies of landscape and environment, we provide an account of environmental injustice that emphasises competing geographical imaginaries of landscape and 'ordinary political injustices' within everyday spaces. We begin with a discussion of how historical environmental injustices in Wales have been framed within nationalist politics as a form of colonial exploitation of the country's natural resources. We then make use of materials from recent research on opencast mining in South Wales to examine local understandings of and everyday encounters with mining, highlighting contradictory discourses of opencast mining, landscape and place, and the injustices associated with mining developments in this region.

The social impact of China's policy of phasing out excess coal production since the 2010s is examined through the lens of "just transition." Qualitative fieldwork undertaken in Liupanshui, Guizhou province, focussed on seven mines, among which three were decommissioned. Against the backdrop of top‐down policy imperatives aimed at rapidly reducing coal production capacity, more powerful stakeholders took action to safeguard their own perceived interests, thereby transferring the costs of transition to the least powerful actors while exacerbating existing injustices. At the same time, Confucian traditions and modern civic education in China - which prioritise endurance and compliance - limited individual voice and agency. By adopting just transition as a policy tool, China could avoid errors made by countries that transitioned earlier.

What started as a movement to demand a distributive justice in mining revenue in Bougainville, Papua New Guinea, the conflict turned into the struggle for secession. From 1970's the demand for secession have been rife and despite early agreement for more autonomy and more mining revenue for the autonomous region, the demand never faded. Under Francis Ona's Bougainville Revolutionary Army, the movement take a new heights. Bougainville Revolutionary Army took coercive measure to push the government to acknowledge their demands by taking over the mine at Panguna. Papua New Guinean government response was also combative and further exacerbate the issue. Papua New Guinean Defense Force involvement adding the issue of human rights into the discourse. This paper will seek to analyze the normative question surrounding the legitimacy of the right to secession in Bougainville Island. The protracted conflict has halted any form of development in the once the most prosperous province of Papua New Guinea and should Bougainville Island become independent, several challenges will be waiting for Bougainvilleans.

Unidad de excelencia María de Maeztu MdM-2015-0552 ; This study characterizes ecological distribution conflicts (EDC) related to the mining industry and derives a series of political implications for Guatemala. The characterization includes a placement in the context of Central America, regional location, intensity of the EDC and the trends in social and environmental consequences, with special emphasis on the groups of social actors affected and the degree to which the institutional framework does not provide effective means of participatory environmental governance. The time period covers 2005 to 2013. In order to understand trends in actor behavior and diverse moments of high intensity we introduce the use of action and response timelines as a methodology for EDC analysis. We propose the notions of embedded conflicts to describe their relation with the structural social conditions prevailing in the country and swarms of conflicts to describe their escalation through time. We conclude that conflictivity is inherent to the unsustainable characteristics of metallic mining and is aggravated by Guatemalás history of social inequality and power concentration. The attempts to reduce "conflictivity" through CSR have been insufficient in addressing these structural conditions. EDCs may have helped create a positive environment for creative forces to seek sustainability and justice in Guatemalás development model.

Intro -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Contributors -- Foreword -- References -- Series General Co-Editors' Foreword -- Toxic Heritage: An Introduction -- Premise and Genesis -- Themes -- Organization and Format -- References -- Section 1. Introduction: Framing Toxicity -- References -- 1. Toxic legacies of slickens in California: a mobile heritage of hydraulic mining debris -- Introduction: critical pedagogies of the toxic -- Slickens -- Making visible -- Looking forward -- References -- Visual essay 1. Extraction old and new: Toxic legacies of mining the desert in southwestern Africa -- Roots and routes of extraction -- Ilmenite -- Diamonds -- Copper -- Zinc -- Acid and Arsenic -- Uranium -- Future mining -- Acknowledgements -- Notes -- Bibliography (all URLs last accessed 17 July 2022) -- 2. Of blaes and bings: the (non)toxic heritage of the West Lothian oil shale industry -- Toxic language -- Geosocialities -- Blaes and bings -- Emergence -- Transformation -- Monumentality -- Revaluation -- Reimagination -- Discussion -- Notes -- Bibliography -- 3. When Toxic Heritage is Forever: Confronting PFAS Contamination and Toxicity as Lived Experience -- Wildest Hellcat -- Lost Soles -- Black Plumes -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- 4. Plasticity and Time: Using the Stress-Strain Curve as a Framework for Investigating the Wicked Problems of Marine Pollution and Climate Change -- Introduction -- The 'Wicked Problem' of Plastic Pollution -- The Archaeology of Plastics -- The Stress-Strain Curve -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Section 2. Introduction: The Politics of Toxic Heritage -- 5. Heritage-led Regeneration and the Sanitisation of Memory in the Lower Swansea Valley -- Introduction -- Chronology of post-industrial Swansea -- Politics of heritage projects -- Heritage, disaster, decontamination.

List of Figures and Maps; Preface; 1. Introduction: Negotiating the Multiple Edges of Mining Encounters -- Robert Jan Pijpers and Thomas Hylland Eriksen; 2. From Allegiance to Connection: Structural Injustice, Scholarly Norms and the Anthropological Ethics of Mining Encounters -- Alex Golub; 3. The 'Shooting Fields of Porgera Joint Venture': An Exploration of Corporate Power, Reputational Dynamics and Indigenous Agency -- Catherine Coumans; 4. Rubbish at the Border: A Minefield of Conservation Politics at the Lawa River, Suriname/French Guiana -- Sabine Luning and Marjo de Theije

Enter any additional information or requests for the Library here. ; For decades women have battled for a place in the mining industry. In South Africa, the newly elected democratic government (1994) initiated a number of actions to redress injustices of the past. Among others, new mining legislation was introduced and enforced, which demands of employers to meet specific targets towards recruiting a workforce that reflects the country's demographic make-up. Various studies have aimed to reveal the barriers and challenges experienced by women regarding their integration into the traditional 'harsh male-dominated' labour force. However, very few studies endeavoured to investigate the challenges experienced by male co-workers in this regard; hence, this research aimed to determine such challenges experienced by male co-workers. A qualitative research design was followed. Data were collected by means of individual and group interviews. From the research it is evident that the integration of women into the core business of mining poses unique challenges to male co-workers. Therefore, top management should embrace and support a clearly articulated vision for gender diversity. It is of utmost importance to involve male employees in the conversation about women in mining to contribute to the sustainable deployment of women in the core business of the mining industry.

This article examines a work phenomenon in working system of public oil mining from the perspective of functionalism and conflict. This is a unique phenomenon because in Indonesia there are only four areas of public oil mining; in Bojonegoro, Blora, Musi Banyu Asin, and Langkat. The research employed ethnographic method. Data were collected through observation, participation observation, and in-depth interviews. Results and discussion indicate that there are mutually integrated elements in the work system of oil mining people. In the work activity sometimes internal conflict and external conflict occur. Internal conflict may occur due to different ideas or interests among those who work such as competition, wages, fraud, and injustice. External conflict can occur because of the oil mine ban, ban on making new wells, monopoly, destruction of refinery, interception, and arrest. Military/police were present in oil mining activity with an ambiguous role, which can be on Pertamina's side at one time and on miners' side at another.

AbstractAmerican capitalist medicine has produced a national healthcare system that is the most expensive – and producing the worse outcomes for patients – in the world. For many patients, social inequities and racial disparities embedded throughout the US healthcare system have only deepened and intensified over the last two decades, with very few realizing the promises made by medical technological innovation. Healthcare policy makers are turning to 'data‐driven healthcare' as a solution to these endemic problems. Yet the promise that digital technologies and data analytics will solve some of the most vexing questions in medical science, and will make healthcare more accessible, affordable, and equitable, in fact, hides the ongoing, structural inequities and injustices in health care.

Background: South Africa's mineral resources have produced, and continue to produce, enormous economic wealth; yet decades of colonialism, apartheid, capital flight, and challenges in the neoliberal post-apartheid era have resulted in high rates of occupational lung disease and low rates of compensation for ex-miners and their families. Given growing advocacy and activism of current and former mine workers, initiatives were launched by the South African government in 2012 to begin to address the legacy of injustice. This study aimed to assess developments over the last 5 years in providing compensation, quantify shortfalls and explore underlying challenges. Methods: Using the database with compensable disease claims from over 200,000 miners, the medical assessment database of 400,000 health records and the employment database with 1.6 million miners, we calculated rates of claims, unpaid claims and shortfall in claim filing for each of the southern African countries with at least 25,000 miners who worked in South African mines, by disease type and gender. We also conducted interviews in Johannesburg, Eastern Cape, Lesotho and a local service unit near a mine site, supplemented by document review and auto-reflection, adopting the lens of a critical rights-based approach. Results: By the end of 2017, 111,166 miners had received compensation (of which 55,864 were for permanent lung impairment, and another 52,473 for tuberculosis), however 107,714 compensable claims remained unpaid. Many (28.4%) compensable claims are from Mozambique, Lesotho, Swaziland, Botswana and elsewhere in southern Africa, a large proportion of which have been longstanding. A myriad of diverse systemic barriers persist, especially for workers and their families outside South Africa. Calculating predicted burden of occupational lung disease compared to compensable claims paid suggests a major shortfall in filing claims in addition to the large burden of still unpaid claims. Conclusion: Despite progress made, our analysis reveals ongoing complex barriers and illustrates that the considerable underfunding of the systems required for sustained prevention and social protection (including compensation) needs urgent attention. With class action suits in the process of settlement, the globalized mining sector is now beginning to be held accountable. A critical rights-based approach underlines the importance of ongoing concerted action by all. ; Medicine, Faculty of ; Non UBC ; Population and Public Health (SPPH), School of ; Reviewed ; Faculty