We present the experimental observation of scalar multi-pole solitons in highly nonlocal nonlinear media, including dipole, tripole, quadrupole, and necklace-type solitons, organized as arrays of out-of-phase bright spots. These complex solitons are meta-stable, but with a large parameters range where the instability is weak, enabling their experimental observation. ; This work has been supported by the Israeli Science Foundation, the Generalitat de Catalunya, and by the Government of Spain through the Ramon-y Cajal program.
We present the experimental observation of scalar multi-pole solitons in highly nonlocal nonlinear media, including dipole, tripole, quadrupole, and necklace-type solitons, organized as arrays of out-of-phase bright spots. These complex solitons are meta-stable, but with a large parameters range where the instability is weak, enabling their experimental observation. ; This work has been supported by the Israeli Science Foundation, the Generalitat de Catalunya, and by the Government of Spain through the Ramon-y Cajal program.
STABLE-2007 is a measure of risk-relevant propensities for adult males convicted of a sexual offense. This meta-analysis evaluated the ability of STABLE-2007 and its items to discriminate between recidivists and nonrecidivists, and the extent to which STABLE-2007 improves prediction over and above Static-99R. Based on 21 studies (12 unique samples, N = 6,955), we found that STABLE-2007 was significantly and incrementally related to sexual recidivism, violent (nonsexual) recidivism, violent (including sexual) recidivism, and any crime. Scores on STABLE-2007 items and the three STABLE-2000 attitude items also discriminated between individuals who sexually reoffended and those who did not sexually reoffend. These findings support the use of STABLE-2007 in applied risk assessment practice and the interpretation of STABLE-2007 items as indicators of treatment and supervision targets.
Meta-Economics suggests a new approach to the study of economies. Having run the gauntlet from political to mathematical, statistical, and pictorial economy, the science seems to have exhausted the available .media ofexpresion. Moreover, the further it has advanced themore It seems to have removed itsclf from the possibility of comprehensive presentation. To convey once more a complete picture, it is suggested that .economics return to the source from which it carnephilosophy, integrating the subject not with itself but with its philosophic hinterland. A trend to this effect is indicated by the renewed attention paid by scholars to elementary concepts, and their analysis of these concepts not so much on an elementary as an advanced level. But this seems not enough. For concepts may be elementary in economics, and yet be themselves nothing but derivations oí more fundamental laws. As a result, deeper undérstandíng of economic concepts can only be gained if we go beyond economics-hence the term JHeta-Economicsinto the realm where its laws link up with those of physics, chemistry, or biology. In this manner it will not only be possible for the economist to discern the basic unity underlying all disciplines but he will also be able to return into his own field with principies which were previously hidden, but whose existence in economics may now be revealed as a result of analogous laws in other areas. Though no university seems as yet ready to offer Meta-Economics either as a special subjeet or as a special approach, the more the field is disintegrated under the impact of zoth Century specialization, the more imperative it becomes as a general approach. This is particularly so because, as in other areas of scientific endeavor, the greatest advanees at all times have also been accomplished by those whose search for likenesses transcending all differences has led them beyond the limiting -confines of their original subjects. Thus, men such as Aristotle, Leonardo da Vinci, Keppler, Goethe or Einstein, made their tremendous contributions to scientific advance as a result of their conviction that the laws governing different disciplines were fundamenta'lly nothing but variations of a single theme; and that recognition of the universal law would automaticaUy reveal the nature of all special laws. But even in economics, the greatest contributions have come not so much from economists laboriously accumulating evidence or translating it into mathematics, as from speculative philosophers whose creative intuition was stimulated by their interdisciplinary knowledge and led to those famous hunches and guesses which were destined to transform their field. Meta-Economics proposes to resurrect this approach in a time when conventional economícs. seems to have come to the end of the lineo ; Resumen en inglés.
This paper examines recent theoretical developments of the theory of coalition stability. It focuses on the relationship between the incentives to defect from a coalition, the size of the resulting equilibrium coalition structure, and the different assumptions on membership rules, coalition behaviour, players' conjectures, etc. The paper considers several cases. Simultaneous vs. sequential moves, linear vs. circular order of moves, Nash vs. rational conjectures, open vs. exclusive membership, monotonic vs. non monotonic payoff functions, and orthogonal vs. non-orthogonal reaction functions. The profitable and stable coalition will be derived for each possible configuration of the rules of the game, the payoff functions and the membership rules. The results show that the size of the profitable and stable coalition highly depends on the chosen configuration and that the equilibrium outcome ranges from a small coalition with a few signatories to full cooperation. The paper explores under which conditions a large stable coalition is likely to emerge, and identifies the institutional setting that favours the emergence of such coalition.
AbstractWe design a laboratory experiment to identify whether a preference for randomisation defines a stable type across different choice environments. In games and individual decisions, subjects face 20 simultaneous repetitions of the same choice. Subjects can randomise by making different choices across the repetitions. We find that randomisation does define a type that is predictable across domains. A sizeable fraction of individuals randomise in all domains, even in questions that offer a stochastically dominant option. For some mixers, dominated randomisation is responsive to intervention. We explore theoretical foundations for mixing, and find that most preference-based models are unable to accommodate our results.
