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Abstract
This paper estimates the effects of overeducation and overskilling on mental well-being in Australia. Using fixed-effects (FE) panel estimations, our analysis shows that overeducation does not significantly affect people's mental well-being. However, overskilling has strong detrimental consequences for mental well-being. Using a panel data quantile regression model with FE, we show that the negative effects of overskilling are highly heterogeneous, with larger impact at the lower end of the distribution of mental well-being. Furthermore, our dynamic analysis shows that the damaging effects of overskilling are transitory, and we find evidence of complete mental well-being adaptation one year after becoming overskilled.

"Der Beitrag betrachtet das psychische Wohlbefinden und die Erwerbssituation junger Menschen von 15 bis 24 Jahren in Deutschland, die bereits einmal arbeitslos waren. Im Fokus stehen die Auswirkungen von Arbeitslosigkeit im Zusammenhang mit der finanziellen Situation. Obwohl es bereits mehrere Studien in anderen Ländern zur Arbeitslosigkeit Jüngerer und ihrem psychischen Wohlbefinden gibt, wurde dies in Deutschland bislang selten thematisiert. Datenbasis der Untersuchung ist die deutsche Teilstichprobe der europäischen Vergleichsstudie 'Übergänge aus Jugendarbeitslosigkeit'. Die befragten Jugendlichen waren im Jahr 1998 für mindestens 90 Tage arbeitslos registriert und wurden zu zwei Zeitpunkten befragt. Auf dieser Grundlage betrachtet der Beitrag zum einen den Einfluss der aktuellen Lebenslage auf das psychische Wohlbefinden und zum anderen die Zusammenhänge zwischen dem weiteren Erwerbsverlauf der Jugendlichen und der Veränderung ihres psychischen Wohlbefindens. Wie sich zeigt, sind ein erfolgreicher Einstieg in das Erwerbsleben und eine zufriedenstellende finanzielle Situation zentral für das psychische Wohlbefinden der Jugendlichen. Erwerbstätigkeit hat allerdings für junge Frauen eine andere Bedeutung als für junge Männer: Während für die jungen Frauen der Einkommenserwerb im Vordergrund steht, steigt das Wohlbefinden der jungen Männer mit Aufnahme einer Erwerbstätigkeit unabhängig von finanziellen Faktoren. Dies verweist auf die konstitutive Rolle der Erwerbsarbeit auch jenseits finanzieller Aspekte für ein gelungenes Erwachsenwerden der Männer." [Autorenreferat]

To experience an enduring positive state of mind, one needs the proper conditions to do so. In this paper, I discuss the effect of two such conditions: subjective income and perceived respect. Money is necessary to buy food, shelter, but also lifestyle. Therefore, its role in quality of life is well established and cannot be denied in contemporary society. The primary hypothesis is that perceived respect, or if people feel valued in their society, affects mental well-being, irrespective of the current level of income. Using data from European Quality of Life Survey wave four, the year 2016, and multiple linear regression models, I prove for Romania and EU28 that people struggling to live a decent life have a lower level of mental well-being when not feeling valued by others. Keywords: mental well-being; subjective income; perceived respect; European Quality of Life Survey; WHO-5 scale.

Abstract. Background: The novel coronavirus disease has caused a worldwide pandemic and has been distressing for the general population including the student population in higher education. Aims: This study assesses the changes in the lives of university students, and finds an association between fear of COVID-19 and mental well-being controlled by demographic and socio-psychological factors. Method: Students from one of the largest universities of Hungary were sampled responding to multidimensional questions about their life situations prior to and after social isolation measures, 4–6 weeks after the COVID-19 outbreak in Hungary. The questionnaire packet included the 8-item version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale for evaluating mental well-being. Results: Students experienced significant negative changes after 4–6 weeks of confinement in terms of physical activity, relationship with family, friends, studies, financial situation, perceived health, future prospects, and life satisfaction. Desirable changes were observed in smoking habits, cannabis use, and alcohol consumption, including binge drinking. Explanatory variables of favorable mental well-being were younger age, better-perceived health status, higher life satisfaction, and more optimism about future prospects. Limitations: Mental well-being was measured only during social isolation. The pre-pandemic status of the students was reported retrospectively, making it prone to recall bias. Conclusion: Findings suggest that the pandemic with its associated social isolation measures negatively affected students' everyday life and well-being, however, the fear of the coronavirus did not contribute to it. Higher institutions should offer a wide range of measures to mitigate the downstream mental health consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak in university population.

There is an ever-growing "trend" of bilingualism, and bilingual individuals long ago outnumbered monolinguals, which has led to different discussions and debates. This paper studies the impact of bilingualism on the well-being and cognitive abilities of Kosovan adolescents. A sample of 200 Kosovan adolescents was assessed using the Language Experience and Proficiency Questionnaire (LEAP-Q), Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ), and The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS). Data were collected through the physical administration of questionnaires in schools. Of the 200 participants (age: 13-18), 82 (41%) were males and 118 were females (59%). The results confirm that bilinguals had better cognitive abilities, fewer cognitive failures, and better mental well-being. Moreover, the level of proficiency in the second language was positively correlated with mental well-being and negatively correlated with cognitive failures. Both of these relationships were statistically significant. Strengths, limitations, and future research directions are also discussed.

The mental state of people affected by war and other disasters has been a subject of special interest to academic researchers and practitioners in humanitarian assistance and public health for over two decades. The last decade in particular has seen a rise in the number of papers published in scholarly journals around the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) debate. Anthropologists have rarely engaged in this debate. Nevertheless, some of the most illuminating contributions have come from socio-medical anthropology (Last, 2000).

Background: Emerging adulthood is a critical period of life involving many life transitions that may generate stress and compromise health and mental well-being. Aims: To know the most frequent life events of women and men in emerging adulthood, analyzing also the relevance that such stressors have on their psychological well-being and life satisfaction. A second aim is to determine the relevance of age, educational level, most frequent life events, coping styles, and perceived social support as risk and protective factors for well-being. Method: The sample consisted of 2,000 individuals from the general Spanish population (55% women), aged between 18 and 29, who were assessed using five questionnaires and scales measuring life events, coping styles, life satisfaction, psychological well-being, and social support. Results: The findings showed that 90% of the sample had experienced one or more life events during the previous year and that a higher number of life events experienced over the past year was associated with lower mental well-being. Multiple regression analyses made clear that, although some events experienced in the previous year (namely, family conflicts and change in the relationship with parents) were associated with lower women's and men's well-being, the most important determinants of well-being in either gender were coping styles; however, some predictors of women's well-being proved different from those of men. In the case of women, family and intimate partner conflicts predicted lower life satisfaction and psychological well-being was lower in the case of family conflicts. As for men, work or academic life events predicted lower life satisfaction. Conclusion: These research findings are relevant for the design of programs and strategies to improve mental well-being in emerging adulthood.

Following a brief review of the interest in dreams throughout history, this article outlines the physiological changes that occur when we dream. The main dream theories are then reviewed, and the effect on dream content of the relaxation of cognitive censoring is discussed. Claims that dreams can foretell future events are considered, but with the conclusion that rational explanations for such are usually forthcoming. Methodological considerations when attempting dream interpretation are reviewed, and some images that are claimed to relate to mental and physical health and well-being are listed. The use of dream analysis in psychological diagnosis and intervention is discussed, both with regard to professional therapists and to individuals at home. The article ends with the conclusion that dreams do have the potential to inform mental and physical well-being, along with some advice on improving dream recall and control. Adapted from the source document.