White paper prepared for the Secretary of Defense Task Force on DoD Nuclear Weapons Managment: tradeoffs and paradoxes ; terrorism, deterrence and nuclear weapons
In: Studies in conflict & terrorism, Band 32, Heft 9, S. 776-801
ISSN: 1057-610X
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In: Studies in conflict & terrorism, Band 32, Heft 9, S. 776-801
ISSN: 1057-610X
World Affairs Online
A part of the panel: "Comparative Perspectives on Self-Determination: Institutional Models and Political Challenges" at the ECPR General Conference Université de Montréal 26-29 August 2015. ; In northernmost Norway the right to own and manage the land in Finnmark, was transferred from the state to the the Finnmark Estate (FeFo) in 2005. The land tenure arrangement was a result of land claims made by the indigenous Sami people of Norway. The resources and the land that was previously managed to the best for all Norwegian citizens by the state, is now managed to the best for the inhabitants of Finnmark. Based on three surveys in Finnmark, this paper explores the support of people living in Finnmark to the new land tenure arrangements. We used the term diffuse support to describe the acknowledgement by inhabitants of an institution's ideas, values and principles, while specific support reflects the experiences and support to the operationalization of the principles and goals and the management tasks carried out by an institution. We find that FeFo as an institution has low diffuse support. On the other hand, experiences with FeFo show a clear specific support to the principles, goals and management actions implemented by the estate. In this article, we seek to explain this gap, looking at the context of conflict both prior to and after the decision of establishing FeFo.
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In: Revista Internacional de Relaciones Públicas, Band XI, Heft 21, S. 97-120
ISSN: 2174-3681
The events sector moves around 6,900 million euros a year, and provides jobs for thousands of professionals. The digitization of our era has transformed the way we communicate and, therefore, the way events are organized, presented and disseminated. On the other hand, the transformations that the communication sector has undergone in recent years highlight the training needs that the labor market demands. The digitization of content, the change in the brand-consumer relationship or the organization of events are sectors that are especially in need of new professional profiles. Events as unique spaces that offer added value transformed by the digital presence in social media, the contribution of influencers, the use of apps, the use of streaming or gamification, are some of the tools that need this update in training. The management of good digital communication in events allows, among other things, to identify experts and prescribers, create a community around the event, broadcast live activities, virtual networking, create an online debate before, during and after the event, etc. Therefore, future event organizers should have a multidisciplinary training and with very defined skills such as knowledge of new 2.0 technologies, versatility and adaptability, as well as creative and strategic capacity. In fact, not all actions communicate by themselves, they must be accompanied by quality actions and commitments. The need for new professional profiles in the different areas of communication is a reality pointed out and studied both from the institutional and academic spheres. The objective of the work presented here is to carry out a descriptive exploratory study of the degrees currently offered by these studies in Spanish universities, to check whether they respond to the training needs demanded by the sector at present. The methodological approach used to address the study presented is qualitative-quantitative, specifically using content analysis as an ideal technique in social science studies related to communication. A mixed quantitative-qualitative methodology and a content analysis are carried out as a study technique of the analyzed sample: all postgraduate and undergraduate degrees related to the Organization of Events published in RUCT (Registry of Universities, Centers and Titles). In the first term, the more formal aspects of the sample degrees are analyzed, both in master's degrees and in degrees, to establish their basic characteristics in analysis files that collected the following qualitative variables: name of the university, type of degree. Second, a content analysis of the study plans of the selected postgraduates is carried out, using the information hosted on the web pages of each university as a source of access. Among other conclusive results, the research reflects the timid bet that the Spanish university makes for training in a sector that moves a large number and jobs in Spain. Especially in the public university, since only one university offers a postgraduate degree in this area, compared to the six offered by the private university. Likewise, it is found that professional careers change according to work scenarios, and a certain lack of incorporation of emerging profiles into the evolution of the sector is observed, so a more precise interrelation between profile-task / function-specialization should be established.
In: Revista Internacional de Relaciones Públicas, Band 11, Heft 21, S. 97-120
ISSN: 2174-3681
Las transformaciones que el sector comunicativo está experimentando en los últimos años ponen de manifiesto necesidades formativas que el mercado laboral demanda. La digitalización de los contenidos, el cambio de la relación marca-consumidor o la organización de eventos son sectores especialmente necesitados de nuevos perfiles profesionales. Los eventos como espacios singulares que ofrecen un valor añadido transformados por la presencia digital en medios sociales, la contribución de influencers, la utilización de apps, el uso del streaming o la gamificación, es uno de los sectores con mayores necesidades. En este sentido el objetivo del trabajo que aquí se presenta es realizar un estudio exploratorio descriptivo de las titulaciones que actualmente ofrecen estos estudios en las universidades españolas. Se lleva a cabo una metodología mixta cuantitativa-cualitativa y un análisis de contenido como técnica de estudio de la muestra analizada: todas las titulaciones de posgrado y grado relacionadas con la Organización de Eventos publicadas en RUCT (Registro de Universidades, Centros y Títulos). Entre otros resultados concluyentes, la investigación refleja la tímida apuesta que la universidad española hace por la formación en un sector que en este país mueve grandes cifras y puestos de trabajo, así como cierta carencia en cuanto a la incorporación de perfiles emergentes adaptados a la evolución del sector.Palabras clave: Organización de eventos, universidad, grado, máster, retos, perfil del egresado. Abstract The events sector moves around 6,900 million euros a year, and provides jobs for thousands of professionals. The digitization of our era has transformed the way we communicate and, therefore, the way events are organized, presented and disseminated. On the other hand, the transformations that the communication sector has undergone in recent years highlight the training needs that the labor market demands. The digitization of content, the change in the brand-consumer relationship or the organization of events are sectors that are especially in need of new professional profiles. Events as unique spaces that offer added value transformed by the digital presence in social media, the contribution of influencers, the use of apps, the use of streaming or gamification, are some of the tools that need this update in training. The management of good digital communication in events allows, among other things, to identify experts and prescribers, create a community around the event, broadcast live activities, virtual networking, create an online debate before, during and after the event, etc. Therefore, future event organizers should have a multidisciplinary training and with very defined skills such as knowledge of new 2.0 technologies, versatility and adaptability, as well as creative and strategic capacity. In fact, not all actions communicate by themselves, they must be accompanied by quality actions and commitments. The need for new professional profiles in the different areas of communication is a reality pointed out and studied both from the institutional and academic spheres. The objective of the work presented here is to carry out a descriptive exploratory study of the degrees currently offered by these studies in Spanish universities, to check whether they respond to the training needs demanded by the sector at present. The methodological approach used to address the study presented is qualitative-quantitative, specifically using content analysis as an ideal technique in social science studies related to communication. A mixed quantitative-qualitative methodology and a content analysis are carried out as a study technique of the analyzed sample: all postgraduate and undergraduate degrees related to the Organization of Events published in RUCT (Registry of Universities, Centers and Titles). In the first term, the more formal aspects of the sample degrees are analyzed, both in master's degrees and in degrees, to establish their basic characteristics in analysis files that collected the following qualitative variables: name of the university, type of degree. Second, a content analysis of the study plans of the selected postgraduates is carried out, using the information hosted on the web pages of each university as a source of access. Among other conclusive results, the research reflects the timid bet that the Spanish university makes for training in a sector that moves a large number and jobs in Spain. Especially in the public university, since only one university offers a postgraduate degree in this area, compared to the six offered by the private university. Likewise, it is found that professional careers change according to work scenarios, and a certain lack of incorporation of emerging profiles into the evolution of the sector is observed, so a more precise interrelation between profile-task / function-specialization should be established. Keywords: Events management, university, postgraduate degree, bachelor´s degree, challenges, graduate profile.
In: Human factors: the journal of the Human Factors Society, Band 26, Heft 1, S. 19-32
ISSN: 1547-8181
An experiment is described that compares the use of redundant color coding for search and identification tasks under dual-task conditions; subjects made judgments about the state of components of a systems-management display while performing a compensatory tracking task. The availability of redundant color coding on the secondary task resulted in a global improvement in tracking performance (primary task) that applied at all times, even when subjects were not attending to the systems-managment display. With regard to the response-time data for the color-coded display, redundant color coding improved search performance, but there was no benefit for performance on the identification task. The implications of the results for hypotheses relating to the serial or parallel processing of shape and color, and for cockpit applications generally, are discussed.
Agile management approaches in multinational companies are considered. The characteristics and features of Agile - a flexible project management methodology. Several Agile management steps that companies can take are highlighted and justified. Global companies deployed in flexible quality management systems. This enhances management professionalism and efficiency in terms of the huge costs of companies. This improves work plans and authoritative models to improve coordination between small agile groups that solve specific tasks and operational activities. Using the Agile approach, they respond faster and better to customer needs. As a result, the business demonstrates quantitative improvements in performance. We have considered the scaling up of nimble at several organizations, including little firms that run the whole undertaking with deft strategies; bigger organizations that, as Spotify and Netflix, were brought into the world dexterous and have gotten all the more so as they've developed; and organizations that, similar to Amazon and USAA (the monetary administrations organization for the military network), are making the change from customary chains of importance to progressively light-footed endeavors. Our investigations show that organizations can scale up light-footed successfully and that doing so makes generous advantages. Be that as it may, managers must be reasonable. Few out of every odd capacity should be composed into Agile groups; undoubtedly, nimble techniques aren't appropriate to certain exercises. When you start propelling handfuls or several nimble groups, be that as it may, you can't simply leave different pieces of the business alone. In the event that your recently deft units are continually baffled by bureaucratic strategies or an absence of coordinated effort among activities and advancement groups, sparkles will fly from the authoritative erosion, prompting emergencies and poor outcomes. Changes are important to guarantee that the capacities that don't work as coordinated groups support do the ones that. Examples of Agile implementation in various companies are given. ; Розглядаються підходи Agile-управління в мультинаціональних компаніях. Наведені характеристики та риси Agile – гнучкої методології управління проектами. Виділені й обґрунтовано кілька кроків Agile управління, які можуть розпочати компанії. Глобальні компанії впроваджують гнучкі подходи управління й стандарти для рішення бізнес-завдань, такі як Agile. Це сприяє підвищенню професіоналізму управління й ефективності в частині величезних витрат компаній. Це поліпшує робочі плани й створює авторитетні моделі для поліпшення координації між малими гнучкими групами, які зайняті рішенням конкретних завдань в оперативній діяльності. Із застосуванням Agile підходу швидше і якісніше компанії реагують на потреби клієнтів. У підсумку, бізнес демонструє кількісне поліпшення результатів діяльності. Досліджено питання збільшення гнучкості в декількох організаціях, у тому числі в невеликих фірмах. Діяльність таких глобальних організацій, як Spotify і Netflix, була почата із впровадженням гнучких підходів до управління. Деякі компанії, подібно Amazon, перейшли від традиційних методів управління до прогресивних гнучких підходів. Наші дослідження показують, що за допомогою Agile управління організації можуть успішно розбудовуватися, і це дає більші переваги. Однак, застосування й впровадження гнучких підходів управління повинне бути розумним. Не всі команди можуть бути об'єднані в Agile групи, безсумнівно, дана методологія не підходить для певних операцій. Якщо в компаніях сильна бюрократична система або відсутні скоординовані підходи до управління, то впровадження гнучких підходів не приведе до позитивних результатів. Наведені приклади впровадження Agile у різних компаніях.
BASE
This thesis focuses on the cooperative and communicative aspects of control over dynamic situations such as emergency management and military operations. Taking a stance in Cognitive Systems Engineering, Decision making and Communication studies, the role of information systems as tools for communication in dynamic situations is examined. Three research questions are examined; 1 ) How new forms of information technology affects joint control tasks in dynamic situations, and how/if microworld simulations can be used to investigate this. 2 ) What the characteristics of actual use of information systems for joint control are in dynamic situations? 3 ) What the pre-requisites are for efficient communication in joint control tasks and especially in dynamic, high-risk situations? Four papers are included. A study performed with a microworld simulation involving military officers as participants is presented, and the method of using microworlds for investigating the effects of new technology is discussed. Field observations from an emergency call centre are used to exemplify how information systems actually are used in a cooperative task. An interview study with military officers from a UN-mission describes the social aspects of human-human communication in a dynamic, high risk environment. Finally, an elaborated perspective on the role of information systems as tools for communication, and especially the relation between the social, organisational and technical layers of a joint control activity is presented.
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Strategic planning in Vilnius district municipality – subject which is really important not only in municipality managment but also in municipality politic life. Considering that strategic planning in Lithuanian public sector are very important and has a lot of experience in this case there possible affirm that till this days possible to find a lot of different problems. Masters thesis topic is relevant not only for municipality administration and council members but also for people who are living in municipality territory because they should understand how strategic plans working in Vilnius district municipality. Analyzing activities of municipality in impementation of strategic plans it is observed that not only financial expenses become a major problem, but also lack of competent specialist who would be able to prepare strategic plans by themselves without help of third parties. The main objective of thesis - investigate the peculiarities of the strategic planning of the Vilnius district municipality as well as the attitude of the municipality administration and council members towards its implementation. To achieve the main puspose five tasks were set: using scientific literature and legal acts clarify the significance of strategic management in the theoretical aspect, identify the main points in the Law on Local Self-Government in the light of strategic planning, find out the main changes in the recommendations of the municipal strategic planning find out the opinion of municipal employees and council members on strategic development the plan and its implementation through empirical research, presenting conclusions and recommendations. Object of this research – Vilnius region municipality strategic planning. Methods used in the master's thesis - empirical research (interview method), analysis and comparison of scientific literature, analysis of documents and main legal acts. In the end of research there is recommendations and conlusion. Problems of Vilnius district municipality in strategic managment: lack of qualified staff, lack of training and supplementary qualification upgrading courses related to strategic management in the public sector, political and bureaucratic problems, lack of cooperation with local communities. Reommendation for the Vilnius municipality district: to develop additional strategic management training for municipal employees, create one more working place for person who will structure strategic plans, create additional specific recommendations for a certain municipality, to implement the SIS system for the strategic development plan, organize more meetings with communities and stakeholders at the beginning of the plan, make the vision, mission and objectives visible and known to every municipality's employee. Structure: introduction, three main chapters, eight subsections, conlusion, recommendattions, summary, list of used literature and annexes. There are 17tablets and 8 different pictures. Keywords: strategic managment, strategic development plan, strategic managment of municipality, recommendations, strategic plans, strategic plannning.
BASE
Strategic planning in Vilnius district municipality – subject which is really important not only in municipality managment but also in municipality politic life. Considering that strategic planning in Lithuanian public sector are very important and has a lot of experience in this case there possible affirm that till this days possible to find a lot of different problems. Masters thesis topic is relevant not only for municipality administration and council members but also for people who are living in municipality territory because they should understand how strategic plans working in Vilnius district municipality. Analyzing activities of municipality in impementation of strategic plans it is observed that not only financial expenses become a major problem, but also lack of competent specialist who would be able to prepare strategic plans by themselves without help of third parties. The main objective of thesis - investigate the peculiarities of the strategic planning of the Vilnius district municipality as well as the attitude of the municipality administration and council members towards its implementation. To achieve the main puspose five tasks were set: using scientific literature and legal acts clarify the significance of strategic management in the theoretical aspect, identify the main points in the Law on Local Self-Government in the light of strategic planning, find out the main changes in the recommendations of the municipal strategic planning find out the opinion of municipal employees and council members on strategic development the plan and its implementation through empirical research, presenting conclusions and recommendations. Object of this research – Vilnius region municipality strategic planning. Methods used in the master's thesis - empirical research (interview method), analysis and comparison of scientific literature, analysis of documents and main legal acts. In the end of research there is recommendations and conlusion. Problems of Vilnius district municipality in strategic managment: lack of qualified staff, lack of training and supplementary qualification upgrading courses related to strategic management in the public sector, political and bureaucratic problems, lack of cooperation with local communities. Reommendation for the Vilnius municipality district: to develop additional strategic management training for municipal employees, create one more working place for person who will structure strategic plans, create additional specific recommendations for a certain municipality, to implement the SIS system for the strategic development plan, organize more meetings with communities and stakeholders at the beginning of the plan, make the vision, mission and objectives visible and known to every municipality's employee. Structure: introduction, three main chapters, eight subsections, conlusion, recommendattions, summary, list of used literature and annexes. There are 17tablets and 8 different pictures. Keywords: strategic managment, strategic development plan, strategic managment of municipality, recommendations, strategic plans, strategic plannning.
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In: Third world quarterly, Band 18, Heft 3, S. 509-525
ISSN: 0143-6597
World Affairs Online
Agile management approaches in multinational companies are considered. The characteristics and features of Agile - a flexible project management methodology. Several Agile management steps that companies can take are highlighted and justified. Global companies deployed in flexible quality management systems. This enhances management professionalism and efficiency in terms of the huge costs of companies. This improves work plans and authoritative models to improve coordination between small agile groups that solve specific tasks and operational activities. Using the Agile approach, they respond faster and better to customer needs. As a result, the business demonstrates quantitative improvements in performance. We have considered the scaling up of nimble at several organizations, including little firms that run the whole undertaking with deft strategies; bigger organizations that, as Spotify and Netflix, were brought into the world dexterous and have gotten all the more so as they've developed; and organizations that, similar to Amazon and USAA (the monetary administrations organization for the military network), are making the change from customary chains of importance to progressively light-footed endeavors. Our investigations show that organizations can scale up light-footed successfully and that doing so makes generous advantages. Be that as it may, managers must be reasonable. Few out of every odd capacity should be composed into Agile groups; undoubtedly, nimble techniques aren't appropriate to certain exercises. When you start propelling handfuls or several nimble groups, be that as it may, you can't simply leave different pieces of the business alone. In the event that your recently deft units are continually baffled by bureaucratic strategies or an absence of coordinated effort among activities and advancement groups, sparkles will fly from the authoritative erosion, prompting emergencies and poor outcomes. Changes are important to guarantee that the capacities that don't work as coordinated groups support do the ones that. Examples of Agile implementation in various companies are given. ; Розглядаються підходи Agile-управління в мультинациональних компаніях. Наведені характеристики та риси Agile – гнучкої методології управління проектами. Виділені й обґрунтовано кілька кроків Agile управління, які можуть розпочати компанії. Глобальні компанії впроваджують гнучкі подходи управління й стандарти для рішення бізнес-завдань, такі як Agile. Це сприяє підвищенню професіоналізму управління й ефективності в частині величезних витрат компаній. Це поліпшує робочі плани й створює авторитетні моделі для поліпшення координації між малими гнучкими групами, які зайняті рішенням конкретних завдань в оперативній діяльності. Із застосуванням Agile підходу швидше і якісніше компанії реагують на потреби клієнтів. У підсумку, бізнес демонструє кількісне поліпшення результатів діяльності. Досліджено питання збільшення гнучкості в декількох організаціях, у тому числі в невеликих фірмах. Діяльність таких глобальних організацій, як Spotify і Netflix, була почата із впровадженням гнучких підходів до управління. Деякі компанії, подібно Amazon, перейшли від традиційних методів управління до прогресивних гнучких підходів. Наші дослідження показують, що за допомогою Agile управління організації можуть успішно розбудовуватися, і це дає більші переваги. Однак, застосування й впровадження гнучких підходів управління повинне бути розумним. Не всі команди можуть бути об'єднані в Agile групи, безсумнівно, дана методологія не підходить для певних операцій. Якщо в компаніях сильна бюрократична система або відсутні скоординовані підходи до управління, то впровадження гнучких підходів не приведе до позитивних результатів. Наведені приклади впровадження Agile у різних компаніях.
BASE
Agile management approaches in multinational companies are considered. The characteristics and features of Agile - a flexible project management methodology. Several Agile management steps that companies can take are highlighted and justified. Global companies deployed in flexible quality management systems. This enhances management professionalism and efficiency in terms of the huge costs of companies. This improves work plans and authoritative models to improve coordination between small agile groups that solve specific tasks and operational activities. Using the Agile approach, they respond faster and better to customer needs. As a result, the business demonstrates quantitative improvements in performance. We have considered the scaling up of nimble at several organizations, including little firms that run the whole undertaking with deft strategies; bigger organizations that, as Spotify and Netflix, were brought into the world dexterous and have gotten all the more so as they've developed; and organizations that, similar to Amazon and USAA (the monetary administrations organization for the military network), are making the change from customary chains of importance to progressively light-footed endeavors. Our investigations show that organizations can scale up light-footed successfully and that doing so makes generous advantages. Be that as it may, managers must be reasonable. Few out of every odd capacity should be composed into Agile groups; undoubtedly, nimble techniques aren't appropriate to certain exercises. When you start propelling handfuls or several nimble groups, be that as it may, you can't simply leave different pieces of the business alone. In the event that your recently deft units are continually baffled by bureaucratic strategies or an absence of coordinated effort among activities and advancement groups, sparkles will fly from the authoritative erosion, prompting emergencies and poor outcomes. Changes are important to guarantee that the capacities that don't work as coordinated groups support do the ones that. Examples of Agile implementation in various companies are given. ; Розглядаються підходи Agile-управління в мультинациональних компаніях. Наведені характеристики та риси Agile – гнучкої методології управління проектами. Виділені й обґрунтовано кілька кроків Agile управління, які можуть розпочати компанії. Глобальні компанії впроваджують гнучкі подходи управління й стандарти для рішення бізнес-завдань, такі як Agile. Це сприяє підвищенню професіоналізму управління й ефективності в частині величезних витрат компаній. Це поліпшує робочі плани й створює авторитетні моделі для поліпшення координації між малими гнучкими групами, які зайняті рішенням конкретних завдань в оперативній діяльності. Із застосуванням Agile підходу швидше і якісніше компанії реагують на потреби клієнтів. У підсумку, бізнес демонструє кількісне поліпшення результатів діяльності. Досліджено питання збільшення гнучкості в декількох організаціях, у тому числі в невеликих фірмах. Діяльність таких глобальних організацій, як Spotify і Netflix, була почата із впровадженням гнучких підходів до управління. Деякі компанії, подібно Amazon, перейшли від традиційних методів управління до прогресивних гнучких підходів. Наші дослідження показують, що за допомогою Agile управління організації можуть успішно розбудовуватися, і це дає більші переваги. Однак, застосування й впровадження гнучких підходів управління повинне бути розумним. Не всі команди можуть бути об'єднані в Agile групи, безсумнівно, дана методологія не підходить для певних операцій. Якщо в компаніях сильна бюрократична система або відсутні скоординовані підходи до управління, то впровадження гнучких підходів не приведе до позитивних результатів. Наведені приклади впровадження Agile у різних компаніях.
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In: Natural hazards and earth system sciences: NHESS, Band 9, Heft 6, S. 1805-1814
ISSN: 1684-9981
Abstract. The German research programme RIsk MAnagment of eXtreme flood events has accomplished the improvement of regional hazard assessment for the large rivers in Germany. Here we focused on the Elbe river at its gauge Dresden, which belongs to the oldest gauges in Europe with officially available daily discharge time series beginning on 1 January 1890. The project on the one hand aimed to extend and to revise the existing time series, and on the other hand to examine the variability of the Elbe river discharge conditions on a greater time scale. Therefore one major task were the historical searches and the examination of the retrieved documents and the contained information. After analysing this information the development of the river course and the discharge conditions were discussed. Using the provided knowledge, in an other subproject, a historical hydraulic model was established. Its results then again were used here. A further purpose was the determining of flood frequency based on all pre-processed data. The obtained knowledge about historical changes was also used to get an idea about possible future variations under climate change conditions. Especially variations in the runoff characteristic of the Elbe river over the course of the year were analysed. It succeeded to obtain a much longer discharge time series which contain fewer errors and uncertainties. Hence an optimized regional hazard assessment was realised.
Maģistra darbs aplūko ES un NATO darbību krīžu noregulējuma jomā, cenšoties rast pamatojumu sadarbības problemātiskajiem aspektiem. Teorētiskajā daļā dots ieskats starptautiskās sistēmas izmaiņu specifikā, krīžu noregulējuma būtībā un starptautisko organizāciju lomā krīžu noregulēšanā. Darbam izvirzītais mērķis ir noskaidrot apstākļus, kas nosaka NATO un ES sadarbības iespējas krīžu noregulēšanas jautājumos. Darbā izvirzīti uzdevumi: aplūkot starptautisko organizāciju lomu krīžu noregulēšanā, izvērtēt NATO un ES mehānismus krīžu noregulējumam, izvērtējot misijas Kosovā un Somālijā, noteikt abu organizāciju krīžu noregulējuma pieejas atšķirības un izvērtēt iespējamos sadarbības problēmu cēloņus. Tā kā darbā tiek aplūkota divu starptautisko organizāciju darbība, tad sadarbības problēmu noskaidrošanai tiek izmantota salīdzinošā metode. Atslēgvārdi: krīžu noregulējums, Eiropas Savienība, NATO, misija. ; Master thesis examines the actions of European Union and NATO in the field of crisis management and tries to find the problematic aspects of cooperation between organizations. Theoretical part gives an insight into specifics of changes in international system, essence of crisis managment and the role of international organizations in crisis management. The aim of the paper is to clarify the conditions which determine the chances for cooperation between NATO and EU. There are following tasks to be fulfilled: to examine theoretical aspects and role of international organizations in crisis management, to analyze EU and NATO actions in Kosovo and Somalia missions, to define the possible causes of cooperation problems between EU and NATO. The existence of two variables defines neccessity to use comparative method to fulfil the aim of thesis. Keywords: crisis management, NATO, European Union, mission.
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Uno de los principales temas de discusión de la teoría política contemporánea es la cuestión de la naturaleza de las preferencias de los ciudadanos y la capacidad atribuida a estos para participar de forma directa en los asuntos públicos. Sin embargo, reformas legislativas en Europa abogan por implementar nuevos instrumentos destinados a implicar a la ciudadanía en el proceso de deliberación y toma de decisiones en la gestión pública. Desde la teoría económica de la democracia, a menudo se cuestionan los modelos participativos, entre otras cosas, por la imposibilidad que se imputa a tales modelos para permitir una decisión racional. Se supone que el ciudadano se ve afectado por un amplio conjunto de restricciones, como escasez de información, invariabilidad de sus opiniones y creencias o su perfil no técnico, que han servido como argumento para deslegitimar la viabilidad de la participación directa de la ciudadanía. En este trabajo, pretendemos abordar esta problemática desde una óptica distinta. Desde los años sesenta, han florecido distintos modelos de racionalidad (por ejemplo, la racionalidad acotada, de H. Simon), lo cual ha contribuido a dibujar un perfil de ciudadano más flexible y realista que el ofrecido por la racionalidad clásica. Según estos modelos, los sujetos racionales amoldan su decisión a tenor de las características del entorno y de la información disponible, para, de este modo, tomar una decisión eficiente que responda lo mejor posible a las demandas de dicho entorno. Analizando la participación desde esta óptica, postularemos la pertinencia de formas de participación en un espacio público regulado. ; One of the challenges face contemporary democracies is linked to the individuals preferences. It has been subject of politics theory and reciently differents legislative reforms in Europe have tried to solve the problem through new mechanism involving citizenship directly in public managment. The aim pursued is to create the conditions to citizens participate into policy-making (getting involved in deliberation and decision making proccess). From democracy economics theory is often questioned the participative models, because, it is said, through these models people can not get involved in a rational decision making procces. The citizens are affected by a huge constrains as information scarce, invariabilty of opinions and believes or because of their non proffesional feature. These elements are taken to denied the viability of citizenship direct participation. In this article, we approch this controversy from a differnt point of view. New models of rationality (bouded rationality, H. Simon) has appeared during the last decades which challence somo basic Rational choice hypothesis. H. Simon states the rational agents adapt their decisions taking into account enviromental task and the information available in it. We will analyce political participation from the conception of bonded rationality in order to test participation relevance on public regulated scenary.
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