Suchergebnisse

In den letzten Jahren fand in der japanischen Öffentlichkeit ein Umdenken über die Grundlagen der nationalen Verteidungs- und Sicherheitspolitik statt. Dabei wurde die sicherheitspolitische Rolle der durch die USA gewährleisteten nuklearen Abschreckung stärker gegenüber pazifistischen Grundhaltungen vertreten. Vor allem der japanische Ministerpräsident Nakasone verkörpert das neue außen- und sicherheitspolitische Selbstverständnis Nippons. - Bertricau, A.: Pseudonym (SWP-Rbg)

At present, most of the interactions of countries, at all levels, are carried out in cyberspace. Recently, many state governments are facing the problem of cyber-attacks and the danger of wireless communication technologies. In some other cases, cyber-attacks can have military or political purposes. Despite their potential for disruption to international peace and security, there is no specific international legal structure for analyzing cyber-attacks. The aim of this paper is to study the framework of jus ad bellum to cyber-attacks and to examine the application of articles 2(4) and 51 of the United Nations Charter to this new reality. This paper argues these provisions and the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3314 (XXIX) can be interpreted to include cyber-attacks. It is expected that the comprehensive review study presented will be useful.

Review.

In this article, the authors begin by presenting the three main ways of handling the question of the relationship between national identity & security. The first one stresses internal identity as a referent object of security. The second shows how values & norms associated with security can be internalized by a population & become an integral part of national identity. The third links threat perceptions & conceptions of security with the definition of identity. The article then examines three types of theoretical approaches toward this question: the rationalist one, which proposes an essentialist, rather static concept of identity; the mainstream constructivist one, which sees identity as a relatively stable given, but open to change; & that of critical approaches, which see the relationship as very malleable. Adapted from the source document.