Suchergebnisse

Histone deacetylase inhibitors are the most important class of drugs for the treatment of oncologies and other diseases due to their effect on cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. Among the known eighteen histone deacetylases, Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), which is involved in oncogenesis, cell survival, and cancer cell metastasis, is of high importance. Using 2D molecular descriptors RDKit, simplex descriptors, as well as methods of Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting (GBM), Support vectors (SVM), a number of adequate classi cation models of Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) are proposed. For the models constructed using simplex descriptors, a structural interpretation was carried out, which made it possible to describe molecular fragments that increase and decrease the activity of HDAC6 inhibitors. The results of the structural interpretation were used for the rational molecular design of potential HDAC6 inhibitors, for which ADMET properties were also evaluated. Models built using 2D RDKit descriptors are freely available on the github platform (https://github.com/ovttiras/HDAC6-inhibitors).

Active Site-directed Enzyme Inhibitors provides readers with a quick and efficient reference for obtaining effective active site-directed inhibitors for any of the enzymatic reactions under study without a need to resort to costly library screening- and biostructure-based techniques.

Fears about loss of privacy, misunderstandings of qualifications, and lack of time are some inhibitors that keep families from family enrichment programs. Such inhibitors can be countered by promotion, proper settings, and effective planning and programming.

Findings indicated that the top five motivators for women were desire to make a difference, ability to initiatechange, desire to positively impact people, and the personal and professional challenge. There were no significant differences for male superintendents. The top female inhibitors were increased time commitment, the amount of paperwork and bureaucracy, community politics, working with the school board, and isolation from the campus setting. Increased time commitment was significantly more important to females than to males.

Findings indicated that the top five motivators for women were desire to make a difference, ability to initiatechange, desire to positively impact people, and the personal and professional challenge. There were no significant differences for male superintendents. The top female inhibitors were increased time commitment, the amount of paperwork and bureaucracy, community politics, working with the school board, and isolation from the campus setting. Increased time commitment was significantly more important to females than to males.

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore inhibitors preventing Spanish women from attaining positions of leadership.


Design/methodology/approach
Using a qualitative approach based on focus groups and structured personal interviews on 42 Spanish male and female executives, the study tests the main gender normative expectations applicable to specific work and personal roles.


Findings
The findings suggest that there is a significant consensus about the existence of traditional and emerging models. Research also suggests there are still clear gaps between traditional and emerging roles that are easily identified and recognized. Contrary to expectations, the research suggests there is no a clear model of emerging gender roles, and instead considerable diversity in the construction of individual aspirational models.


Research limitations
This is a first exploratory research limited to a reduced sample in the Spanish context. To confirm the findings, the research will benefit from a quantitative approach based on larger samples. Moreover, additional surveys in different cultural contexts will provide a broader understanding of the proposed research questions.


Practical implications
The gender gap framework can enable policy makers to correctly diagnose the barriers women face in their professional lives and to come up with efficient instruments to correct existing inequalities.


Originality/value
The principal contribution of this paper is that it provides important insights into traditional and aspirational gender gaps that constitute one important internal barrier for women's development.