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According to the principle of acceleration, net induced investment is proportional to the rate of increase in national product. The principle is usually qualified by a statement to the effect that if the economy's production is at a rate lower than some previous peak, the proportionality may not hold. Once, however, capacity is reached, increases in the rate of production will induce investment.This paper derives its relevance from the current attempts to construct a set of dynamic input-output equations which will generate demand for additional stocks of capital facilities on the basis of a set of capital coefficients and measures of capacity for the "industries" of the system. The basic arguments set forth are applicable also to tests for the feasibility of solutions of static input-output systems with respect to existing stocks of capital, but most attention will be directed to the dynamic formulation.Professor Leontief's dynamic input-output equations are of the form:Xi represents the rate of output of the ith industry, Yi is the amount of this output taken by the autonomous final demand sector and aik is the now familiar coefficient of production, the amount of the ith industry's product which the kth industry purchases per unit of output of the kth industry. This much of the equation set is identical to the static input-output system. The dynamic addition is in the bik capital coefficients, which measure the amount of stock of the ith industry's product held by the kth industry per unit of annual output, and in the values, which are the first derivatives of the annual rates of output of the various industries with respect to time. The capital coefficients are accelerator values for each industry with respect to all other industries. The summated value,is the instantaneous annual rate of induced investment for the economy at any given moment of time.

Abstract
We propose a pragmatist account of value change that helps to understand how and why values sometimes change due to technological developments. Inspired by John Dewey's writings on value, we propose to understand values as evaluative devices that carry over from earlier experiences and that are to some extent shared in society. We discuss the various functions that values fulfil in moral inquiry and propose a conceptual framework that helps to understand value change as the interaction between three manifestations of value distinguished by Dewey, i.e., "immediate value," "values as the result of inquiry" and "generalized values." We show how this framework helps to distinguish three types of value change: value dynamism, value adaptation, and value emergence, and we illustrate these with examples from the domain of technology. We argue that our account helps to better understand how technology may induce value change, namely through the creation of what Dewey calls indeterminate situations, and we show how our account can integrate several insights on (techno)moral change offered by other authors.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the efficiency loss due to incomplete financial markets when risk is induced by technological uncertainty. Design/methodology/approach: A worker-capitalist general equilibrium model is developed. It is assumed that future technical change is a stochastic event, causing uncertainty in future relative prices. Then the model is calibrated to the US data. Findings: Our first finding is theoretical: the competitive equilibrium is Pareto-inefficient. Then we numerically calculate the taxes that make all individuals better-off at the calibrated parameter values. The results clearly show how the burden of taxation should be shared among workers and capitalists when the government uses redistribution of income as a tool of mitigating the loss of efficiency due to technological shocks. Research limitations/implications: The model is obviously a stripped-down version of reality, and hence, the results should be taken with a grain of salt as the numerical computations would be definitely sensitive to certain rich details of real life that are neglected in this study. Originality/value: The results show that the total amount of employment, and production are not affected by optimal taxation, which is a surprising result. Indeed, the inefficiency is primarily caused by the distribution of labor supply among individuals. The optimal taxes are also numerically computed.

This paper seeks to contribute to a small but growing body of empirical based knowledge of government ethics. The study objectives are (1) to document the extent to which ethics induced stress exists in public organizations, (2) to examine a set of variables that, separately and collectively, may foster or mitigate ethics induced stress in the public workplace, and (3) to offer suggestions, if not guidance about future research in this largely unchartered area. The study population consists of employees of a medium size city and a large urban county. The findings suggest that ethics induced stress, although not severe, is commonplace. Additionally, the results of this study indicate that there is a strong relationship between the emphasis placed on organizational values such as excellence and teamwork and lower levels of ethics stress in the workplace.

Readers will not:ce a striking similarity between Turkey and the Arab World regarding cultural values and problems of social change generally faced by Eastern countries nowadays. It is this similarity which has induced us to condense this valuable report in the following pages.

Abstract. The Huafan University campus is located in the Ta-lun Shan area in northern Taiwan, which is characterized by a dip slope covered by colluvium soil of various depths. For slope disaster prevention, a monitoring system was constructed that consisted of inclinometers, tiltmeters, crack gages, groundwater level observation wells, settlement and displacement observation marks, rebar strain gages, concrete strain gages, and rain gages. The monitoring data derived from hundreds of settlement and displacement observation marks were analyzed and compared with the displacement recorded by inclinometers. The analysis results revealed that the maximum settlement and displacement were concentrated on the areas around the Hui-Tsui, Zhi-An, and Wu-Ming buildings and coincided with periods of heavy rainfall. The computer program STABL was applied for slope stability analysis and modeling of slope failure. For prevention of slope instability, a drainage system and tieback anchors with additional stability measures were proposed to discharge excess groundwater following rainfall. Finally, threshold value curves of rainfall based on slope displacement were proposed. The curves can be applied for predicting slope stability when typhoons are expected to bring heavy rainfall and should be significant in slope disaster prevention.

Groups are becoming increasingly important in organizations, and they use electronic groupware to facilitate communication and workflow. The author uses a 2 x 2 laboratory experiment with 96 participants to evaluate the interaction between communication channel and incentive structure when groups have to solve a mixed-motive task. The communication channel variable has two values: face-to-face (FTF) communication and computer-mediated communication (CMC). Also, the incentive structure has two values: group-based and individual-based values. This article compares the performance and information exchange truthfulness of groups under these different experimental conditions. The author utilizes a game theory perspective to study the behavior of members in these groups. The results indicate that communication channel and incentive structure mitigate strategies that lead to decision choices and information exchange truthfulness among members in a group.

We focus on the exchange T of two intervals with an irrational slope α. For a general subinterval I of the domain of T, the first return time to I takes three values. We describe the structure of the set of return itineraries to I. In particular, we show that it is equal to {R₁,R₂,R₁R₂,Q} where <em>Q</em> is amicable with <em>R₁, R₂</em> or <em>R₁R₂</em>.