Suchergebnisse

Alcohol consumption is widespread and frequently consumed at harmful levels. Binge drinking and excessive long-term alcohol consumption are significant causes of injury, addiction, disease, violence, crime, family breakdown, accidents, lost productivity and death in Australia. What are safe drinking levels, and what are the immediate and long-term risks of alcohol consumption? How do we prevent harmful impacts of excessive alcohol intake and promote responsible drinking choices, especially among younger people?

The post Procedure v. Substance in Harm Prevention? appeared first on Völkerrechtsblog.

We introduce a framework aimed at the information science (IS), information retrieval (IR) and data science communities as well as behavioral and cognitive scientists and policy makers inside government and at corporations operating Web search platforms. The goal of this framework is to instigate collaborative discussion and research across these communities to address potential dangers searchers and society face in modern Web search. We provide an overview of the harms, such as poor health outcomes, and their possible causes, including searcher and system biases being tuned for maximum profit. Modifications to policy, additional evaluation metrics, a mixture of cognitive decision making tools and improvements to the IR system are the suggested pathways. Examples are provided of how the framework can be put into practice.

The authors report the reliability and convergent validity in a sample of college students for 27 composite scales and two items covering alcohol use, cigarette smoking, marijuana use, and other drug use; beliefs relating to alcohol use; perceived norms for alcohol-related behavior; harm prevention skills; intentions to take prevention action; harm prevention action taken; risk taken; experienced harm; and other health-related behaviors and person characteristics. Data quality assessment strategies and missing data procedures were illustrated for large, multivariate, longitudinal data sets. Results indicate 23 of the 27 composite scales had at least acceptable reliability, and the remaining 4 composite scales had at least marginally acceptable reliability. At least moderate construct validity was demonstrated for 25 scales.

"Cyberbullying and Online Harms identifies online harms and their impact on young people, from communities to campuses, exploring current and future interventions to reduce and prevent online harassment and aggression. This is essential reading for researchers, academics, undergraduates and postgraduates in sociology, psychology, criminology, media and communication studies, as well as practitioners and policymakers in psychology, education, sociology, criminology, psychiatry, counselling and psychotherapy, and anyone concerned with the issue of bullying, cyberbullying and online harms among young people in higher education"--

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of contributors -- Preface -- Theme 1 The nature and impact of cyberbullying and online harassment -- 1 Cyberbullying and online harassment: the impact on emotional health and well-being in higher education -- 2 A review of cyberbullying perpetration research: a lifespan perspective -- 3 'It was only a bit of fun' - when bullying and cyberbullying becomes harassment and sexual violence among university students - findings from the Violence at University Project -- Theme 2 The social and cultural contexts which facilitate or challenge cyberbullying and online harassment -- 4 Leadership as a double-edged sword: The social, cultural and institutional contexts of cyberbullying and online harassment -- 5 Racism on Campus -- 6 Homophobic and transphobic online harassment: young people in Scotland during the COVID-19 pandemic -- 7 Cyberbullying and online hate speech in Thailand -- 8 Sexual harassment within the workplace after #MeToo and Time's Up -- 9 Disablism, cyberbullying and online opportunities for engagement -- Theme 3 Legal perspectives: The boundaries of responsibility -- 10 Misogyny in the metaverse: leveraging policy and education to address technology-facilitated violence -- 11 Stalking in universities: Responding effectively as an institution while prioritising the safety of victims -- Theme 4 Coping: Strategies and interventions -- 12 Coping with cyberbullying (CB) and online harm: fostering social connectedness across fluid sociotechnical ecosystems -- 13 From bystanding to upstanding -- 14 Rehabilitation and peer ecology -- 15 Interventions to challenge cyberbullying and online harassment: the perspective from schools -- Theme 5 Effective policies to counteract cyberbullying and online harassment -- 16 Policies to address cyberbullying in schools and universities.

We now have two years' experience of the Sexual Risk Order and the Sexual Harm Prevention Order, being the two civil orders brought in to replace and consolidate the old Sexual Offences Prevention Orders (SOPO), the Risk of Sexual Harm Orders (RSHO) and the Foreign Travel Order (FTO). This article looks at the background to these orders that have given the police new powers and the process by which the law was changed to bring in the new orders.

Australia leads the world in per capita gambling losses. Harms experienced by gambling are substantial and can be severe. I undertook a Churchill Fellowship to investigate international lessons for public health policy and improved gambling regulation. The aim was to understand measures that had been introduced in other jurisdictions to prevent and reduce gambling-related harm, as well as factors that enabled the introduction of these measures. The study involved key informant interviews with gambling regulators, consumer advocates and affected others, politicians, academics and operators, in eleven cities across seven countries (France, England, Scotland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Switzerland). I discussed ways to develop global responses to the public health challenge of gambling with UNESCO (Paris) and WHO (Geneva). I also provided presentations outlining recent research from Australia to audiences in four countries. This report provides a summary of key public health lessons that could be considered to improve gambling regulation in Australia. Additional findings will be detailed in a future peer reviewed manuscript.

Community-based harm reduction workshops are delivered to reduce a range of community-based risks. In this instance, a community-based non-government organisation (NGO) delivered workshops to 18 villages in a rural setting in Cambodia. This article presents the approach to the delivery of these workshops. The article explores a journey of learning for the community, local authorities and delivering NGO when moving from a more traditional approach to that of a participatory one and the impact on the organisation, community and local authorities as this journey took place. The methods and approaches are explained, findings are presented and discussed, and recommendations for future community-based harm prevention work are made.

Background: Harmful gambling is a public health issue that affects not only adults but also children. With the development of a range of new gambling products, and the marketing for these products, children are potentially exposed to gambling more than ever before. While there have been many calls to develop strategies which protect children from harmful gambling products, very little is known about the factors that may influence children's attitudes towards these products. This study aimed to explore children's gambling attitudes and consumption intentions and the range of consumer socialisation factors that may influence these attitudes and behaviours. Methods: Children aged 8 to 16 years old (n = 48) were interviewed in Melbourne, Australia. A semi-structured interview format included activities with children and open-ended questions. We explored children's perceptions of the popularity of different gambling products, their current engagement with gambling, and their future gambling consumption intentions. We used thematic analysis to explore children's narratives with a focus on the range of socialising factors that may shape children's gambling attitudes and perceptions. Results: Three key themes emerged from the data. First, children's perceptions of the popularity of different products were shaped by what they had seen or heard about these products, whether through family activities, the media (and in particular marketing) of gambling products, and/or the alignment of gambling products with sport. Second, children's gambling behaviours were influenced by family members and culturally valued events. Third, many children indicated consumption intentions towards sports betting. This was due to four key factors: (1) the alignment of gambling with culturally valued activities; (2) their perceived knowledge about sport; (3) the marketing and advertising of gambling products (and in particular sports betting); and (4) the influence of friends and family. Conclusions: This study indicates that there is a range of socialisation factors, particularly family and the media (predominantly via marketing), which may be positively shaping children's gambling attitudes, behaviours and consumption intentions. There is a need for governments to develop effective policies and regulations to reduce children's exposure to gambling products and ensure they are protected from the harms associated with gambling.