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We explore the concept of global liquidity based on a factor model estimated using a large set of financial and macroeconomic variables from 24 advanced and emerging market economies. We measure global liquidity conditions based on the common global factors in the dynamics of liquidity indicators. By imposing theoretically motivated sign restrictions on factor loadings, we achieve a structural identification of the factors. The results suggest that global liquidity conditions are largely driven by three common factors and can therefore not be summarised by a single indicator. These three factors can be identified as global monetary policy, global credit supply and global credit demand

We conceptualize global liquidity as global monetary policy and credit components by means of a large-scale dynamic factor model. Going beyond previous work, we decompose aggregate credit components into credit supply and demand flows directed at businesses, households and governments. We show that this decomposition enhances the understanding of global liquidity considerably. Whereas global government sector credit supply is best understood as a safe-haven lending factor from an investors perspective, lenders supply the businesses and households with credit to maximize profits along the financial cycle. Moreover, the government sector demands credit in times of bust-episodes, whereas private entities demand credit in times of booms. In particular, we find that our global credit estimates explain substantial variance shares of a large panel of international financial aggregates.

Global liquidity, which consists of both monetary liquidity (quantitative easing and traditional policies) and funding liquidity, follows specific dynamics. The importance of these dynamics is reflected by the growing interest in international policy fora in the economic efects and determinants of this phenomenon. This paper contributes to this evolving policy debate by capturing the determinants of global liquidity dynamics. To this end, I employ a Factor-Augmented VAR model, with potential explanatory vari- ables based on Augmented-Taylor rules and private determinants. Using data from 1990 to 2011, I find that the factors representing real activity and financial stability are the main determinants of global liquidity dynamics. The impact of these factors is however heterogeneous across pre and post crisis periods.