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Economists' role in society has always been an uneasy one, and in recent years the ethicality of the profession and its practitioners has been questioned more than ever. This collection of essays is the first to investigate the multifaceted nature of what forms economists' ethical and economic views. Bringing together work from international contributors, The Ethical Formation of Economists explores the ways in which economists are influenced in their training and career, examining how this can explain their individual ethical stances as economists. The book suggests that if we can better understand what is making economists think and act as they do, considering ethicality in the process, we might all be better placed to implement changes. The intent is not to exonerate economists from personal responsibility, but to highlight how considering the circumstances that have helped shape economists' views can help to address issues. It is argued that it is important to understand these influences, as without such insights, the demonization of economists is too easily adapted as a stance by society as well as too easily dismissed by economists. This book will be of great interest to those studying and researching in the fields of economics, ethics, philosophy and sociology. It also seeks to bring an ethical debate within and about economics and to cause change in the practical reasoning of economists

Introduction: Naturalist Humanism -- Why Should We Be Naturalists? -- Standard Naturalism, The Placement Problem and Companion in Guilt Arguments -- Is the Natural Goodness Approach of Philippa Foot and Michael Thompson a Suitable Candidate for Liberal Naturalism? -- The Possibility of a Transcendental Naturalism -- The Myth of The Biological Given and The Developmentalist Turn -- Virtues as Powers and Perfection -- Virtue as Skilled Perception -- Culture as Our Ecological Niche -- The Burdens of Attentiveness -- Can There Be Bourgeois Virtues? -- Conclusion: Radical Hope and Revolutionary Virtue.

Intro -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Rethinking Ethical-Political Education - Beyond the Nordic Model -- Today's Imperative -- A Will to Democracy -- The Nordic Model -- Youths in a World of Change -- Educational Philosophies, Old and New -- Rethinking Ethical-Political Education -- References -- Part I: Youths in a World of Change -- Chapter 2: Young Citizenship: Civic Engagement and Participation in Four Nordic Countries -- Introduction -- Sociological Perspectives on Young People's Civic and Political Participation and Engagement -- Previous Research on Social Policy Participation and Involvement Among Young People -- Research Questions -- Methods and Analyses -- Civic engagement and Participation Among Youth in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden -- Young Citizenship or Citizens in the Making? -- References -- Chapter 3: Philosophical and Youth-Studies Perspectives on the Participation Imperative -- Introduction: The Emergence of the Concept of Participation -- Empirical Viewpoints on Participation: Levels and Arenas -- Recognition of Citizens -- Conclusion: Spaces of Participation -- References -- Chapter 4: Situating Moral Education in a Globalized World. Environmental Ethical Values and Student Experiences -- Introduction and Global Context -- The Emergence of Environmental Ethical Values Within the UN Discourse -- A Globalized World -- The National Context -- Moral Education and Environmental Ethical Values -- Theoretical Considerations: Critical Cosmopolitanism -- Method and Material -- Analyses and Interpretations -- Overview -- Awareness of Consumption Patterns -- The Exercise of the Carbon Footprint Rule -- Eccentric Selves -- Hegemony and Ideology -- Final Discussion and Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 5: While We Wait: Unaccompanied Minors in Norway - Or the Hospita(bi)lity for the Other -- Introduction.

The normative foundations of the environmental movement can be thought of in a range of different ways. The present paper is a commentary on very interesting papers by Thomas Dunlap, Thomas Hill and Kimberly Smith, who take up the spiritual, ethical and political perspectives respectively. Their accounts are described and evaluated.

The normative foundations of the environmental movement can be thought of in a range of different ways. The present paper is a commentary on very interesting papers by Thomas Dunlap, Thomas Hill and Kimberly Smith, who take up the spiritual, ethical and political perspectives respectively. Their accounts are described and evaluated.

In recent years, we have witnessed a drastic wave of totalitarian regimes, as noted by Levitsky and Ziblatt (2018) in the book entitled How Democracies Die. The authors provide historical examples of democratic rupture in the last one hundred years: from Hitler and Mussolini in the 1930s to the current populist wave of right-wing extremism in Europe, preceded by the military dictatorships of Latin America in the1970s. The dizzying growth of Brazil's new right wing, particularly the democratic far right, which is spearheaded by current president Jair Bolsonaro as the "honest politician" who stands in opposition to the corrupt political class. Regarding the present context of abuse of power, denial, and fake news, I decided to reflect upon the issue of ethics, more specifically of ethical critique in political discourse.

Puritan ideas and ethics are not only the cradle of the mainstream political culture in America, but also the ideological source of the African American political culture. However, what was the significance of puritanism for the emergence of early political ideas among black American? To answer the question, it is necessary to delve into the meaning of puritanism to the political culture of the black American. This paper will elaborate on the crucial role of puritanism in the formation of black political culture in America from three aspects, that is, establishing a close relationship between puritanism and African American political culture. In order to understand it profoundly, three relationships will be established and explained. Respectively, the first one is to establish the relationship between Puritan idea especially the concept of equality and African American political idea; the second one is to establish the relationship between Puritan life and African American political elites; the third one is to establish the relationship between Puritan ethical spirits and moral norms and African American self-consciousness. More specifically, First of all, the germination of the early political ideas of African American was based on Puritan ideas; Secondly, Puritan life was the cradle of the growth of black political elites; Finally, the Puritan ethical spirit, such as diligence and frugality, diligence and hard work, tidiness and cleanliness, decent behavior and other basic behavioral norms, had a deep influence on the cultivation of the moral behavior norms and the formation of self-consciousness of African American.

Distinguished scholars of law, political philosophy and international relations consider the ethical background to Europe's restructuring. Including, for example, the rights to secession or self-determination of minorities in Eastern Europe.

Concepts are central to the enterprise of political science. If we fail to develop clear and precise concepts, our theoretical insights and empirical discoveries will fail to be clear and precise, too. This paper reviews major pitfalls for conceptual analysis as well as the fundamental challenges to concept formation and conceptual innovation in the study of politics. ; La formación de conceptos es una labor fundamental en las ciencias sociales. Si no logramos desarrollar conceptos claros y precisos, nuestras proposiciones teóricas y nuestros hallazgos empíricos no podrán ser claros y precisos tampoco. Después de una breve introducción sobre la naturaleza (normativa) de conceptos, el presente documento revisa de manera crítica y sintetizada riesgos y retos fundamentales para la formación e innovación de conceptos en los estudios políticos.

Freedom is sometimes cast as the psychological ideal that distinguishes human beings from other animals; sometimes as the ethical ideal that distinguishes some human beings from others; and sometimes as the political ideal that distinguishes some human societies from others. This paper is an attempt to put the three ideals in a common frame, revealing their mutual connections and differences.

Freedom is sometimes cast as the psychological ideal that distinguishes human beings from other animals; sometimes as the ethical ideal that distinguishes some human beings from others; and sometimes as the political ideal that distinguishes some human societies from others. This paper is an attempt to put the three ideals in a common frame, revealing their mutual connections and differences.