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This article develops the concept of "Soviet environmental subjectivity." Taking a theoretical step toward comparative political ecology and neo-materialism, it makes the case that engagement with the natural environment comprised a potent, but underappreciated, determinant of Soviet subjectivity. To elaborate this argument, the article examines the life stories of three individuals who spent time in a common region in the far north: ornithologist Oleg Semenov-Tian-Shanskii, geologist Leonid Potemkin, and aspiring ballerina turned technician and prisoner Inna Tartakovskaia. Their lives reveal certain distinguishing features of Soviet environmental subjectivities, including a common desire to both exploit and protect the environment and a tendency for the state's punitive use of harsh natural conditions to alter subjective experiences. Furthermore, the very different paths of these individuals—one became an environmentalist, one defended the Soviet treatment of the natural world, and one did not actively engage in environmental politics—indicate the possible pervasiveness of environmental subjectivities in the Soviet Union.

The increasingly popular notion of Anthropocene urges us to reflect and review the role of the human, the Anthropos, as part of the planet earth. In this context, tourism has been singled out as a global industry that is driven by neoliberal economic principles and is inevitably intertwined in the production of the Anthropocene. At the same time, tourism has been adopted also as part of environmental governance and management, aiming for a more sustainable economy. Based on the idea that ecotourism contributes to the discourse of "nature" (and Anthropocene) disruptively as well as productively in unsettling the normative ideas of "nature" and "culture", in this article I attempt to understand more specifically how ecotourism may enable individuals' subject formation in relation to the broader environmental discourse. Drawn on fieldwork in Niru Village, Shangri-La, Southwest China, I employ a political ecology approach and examine the ways individuals relate themselves to "nature", through a process of negotiation and exchange with others engaged in ecotourism activities. The tourism encounters in Niru Village, therefore are also embodied encounters of different environmental subjectivities.

In this article the state initiatives for environmental conservation are analyzed as a technique for the production of spaces, rural populations and subjectivities. Those initiatives generate unfinished, contingent and everchanging effects, influenced by the power systems which operate in the regions where they are implemented. From the notion of production of space1 , the transformations operating on public policies in a frontier zone as the Guaviare are examined since the area was declared a forest reserve of the Amazonia in 1959. On the other hand, the mechanisms of aggregation, simplification and standardization2 that technical expertise has developed to guide the state intervention in this region of the country are identified. Likewise, it analyzes the effects and adaptations of the environmental policies in the addressed communities, showing their density and multiple causes in a particular socio-historical stage as the Guaviare is. ; En este artículo analizamos las iniciativas de conservación ambiental estatal como una técnica para la producción de espacios, poblaciones campesinas y subjetividades. Esas iniciativas generan efectos inacabados, contingentes y siempre variables, matizados por los entramados de poder que operan en las regiones donde se implementan. A partir de la noción de producción del espacio1, examinamos las transformaciones que operan en las políticas públicas en una zona de frontera como el Guaviare desde la declaratoria de la zona de reserva forestal de la Amazonia en 1959. identificamos los mecanismos de agregación, simplificación y estandarización2 que el conocimiento técnicoexperto ha elaborado para orientar la intervención estatal en esta región del país. Asimismo analizamos los efectos y adaptaciones de las políticas ambientales en las comunidades a quienes van dirigidas, mostrando su densidad y multicausalidad en un escenario sociohistórico particular como el Guaviare. ; Neste artigo analisamos as iniciativas de conservação ambiental estatal como técnica para a produção de espaços, populações camponesas e subjetividades. Tais iniciativas geram efeitos inacabados, contingentes e sempre variáveis, matizados pelas tramas de poder que operam nas regiões onde implementam-se. A partir da noção de produção do espaço1 , examinamos as transformações operadas nas políticas pú- blicas em uma zona de fronteira como Guaviare desde a declaratória da zona de reserva florestal da Amazônia em 1959. Identificamos os mecanismos de agregação, simplificação e padronização2 que o conhecimento técnico-perito elaborou para orientar a interven- ção estatal nesta região do país. Mesmo assim, analisamos os efeitos e adaptações das políticas ambientais nas comunidades para quem vão dirigidas, mostrando sua densidade e multicausalidade num cenário sociohistórico particular como Guaviare.

In this article the state initiatives for environmental conservation are analyzed as a technique for the production of spaces, rural populations and subjectivities. Those initiatives generate unfinished, contingent and everchanging effects, influenced by the power systems which operate in the regions where they are implemented. From the notion of production of space1 , the transformations operating on public policies in a frontier zone as the Guaviare are examined since the area was declared a forest reserve of the Amazonia in 1959. On the other hand, the mechanisms of aggregation, simplification and standardization2 that technical expertise has developed to guide the state intervention in this region of the country are identified. Likewise, it analyzes the effects and adaptations of the environmental policies in the addressed communities, showing their density and multiple causes in a particular socio-historical stage as the Guaviare is. ; En este artículo analizamos las iniciativas de conservación ambiental estatal como una técnica para la producción de espacios, poblaciones campesinas y subjetividades. Esas iniciativas generan efectos inacabados, contingentes y siempre variables, matizados por los entramados de poder que operan en las regiones donde se implementan. A partir de la noción de producción del espacio1, examinamos las transformaciones que operan en las políticas públicas en una zona de frontera como el Guaviare desde la declaratoria de la zona de reserva forestal de la Amazonia en 1959. identificamos los mecanismos de agregación, simplificación y estandarización2 que el conocimiento técnicoexperto ha elaborado para orientar la intervención estatal en esta región del país. Asimismo analizamos los efectos y adaptaciones de las políticas ambientales en las comunidades a quienes van dirigidas, mostrando su densidad y multicausalidad en un escenario sociohistórico particular como el Guaviare. ; Neste artigo analisamos as iniciativas de conservação ambiental estatal como técnica para a produção de espaços, populações camponesas e subjetividades. Tais iniciativas geram efeitos inacabados, contingentes e sempre variáveis, matizados pelas tramas de poder que operam nas regiões onde implementam-se. A partir da noção de produção do espaço1 , examinamos as transformações operadas nas políticas pú- blicas em uma zona de fronteira como Guaviare desde a declaratória da zona de reserva florestal da Amazônia em 1959. Identificamos os mecanismos de agregação, simplificação e padronização2 que o conhecimento técnico-perito elaborou para orientar a interven- ção estatal nesta região do país. Mesmo assim, analisamos os efeitos e adaptações das políticas ambientais nas comunidades para quem vão dirigidas, mostrando sua densidade e multicausalidade num cenário sociohistórico particular como Guaviare.

In this article the state initiatives for environmental conservation are analyzed as a technique for the production of spaces, rural populations and subjectivities. Those initiatives generate unfinished, contingent and everchanging effects, influenced by the power systems which operate in the regions where they are implemented. From the notion of production of space1 , the transformations operating on public policies in a frontier zone as the Guaviare are examined since the area was declared a forest reserve of the Amazonia in 1959. On the other hand, the mechanisms of aggregation, simplification and standardization2 that technical expertise has developed to guide the state intervention in this region of the country are identified. Likewise, it analyzes the effects and adaptations of the environmental policies in the addressed communities, showing their density and multiple causes in a particular socio-historical stage as the Guaviare is. ; En este artículo analizamos las iniciativas de conservación ambiental estatal como una técnica para la producción de espacios, poblaciones campesinas y subjetividades. Esas iniciativas generan efectos inacabados, contingentes y siempre variables, matizados por los entramados de poder que operan en las regiones donde se implementan. A partir de la noción de producción del espacio1, examinamos las transformaciones que operan en las políticas públicas en una zona de frontera como el Guaviare desde la declaratoria de la zona de reserva forestal de la Amazonia en 1959. identificamos los mecanismos de agregación, simplificación y estandarización2 que el conocimiento técnicoexperto ha elaborado para orientar la intervención estatal en esta región del país. Asimismo analizamos los efectos y adaptaciones de las políticas ambientales en las comunidades a quienes van dirigidas, mostrando su densidad y multicausalidad en un escenario sociohistórico particular como el Guaviare. ; Neste artigo analisamos as iniciativas de conservação ambiental estatal como técnica para a produção de espaços, populações camponesas e subjetividades. Tais iniciativas geram efeitos inacabados, contingentes e sempre variáveis, matizados pelas tramas de poder que operam nas regiões onde implementam-se. A partir da noção de produção do espaço1 , examinamos as transformações operadas nas políticas pú- blicas em uma zona de fronteira como Guaviare desde a declaratória da zona de reserva florestal da Amazônia em 1959. Identificamos os mecanismos de agregação, simplificação e padronização2 que o conhecimento técnico-perito elaborou para orientar a interven- ção estatal nesta região do país. Mesmo assim, analisamos os efeitos e adaptações das políticas ambientais nas comunidades para quem vão dirigidas, mostrando sua densidade e multicausalidade num cenário sociohistórico particular como Guaviare.

AbstractThis ethnographic study reveals how young people become environmentally aware citizens. The study traces the lived worlds of early youth in Turkey by focusing on their environmental experiences and by problematising climate change and consumerism. Through online mapping activities and in‐depth interviews, the applied geo‐social methodology explores the social, spatial and political subjectivities of 21 young people from different parts of Turkey, elucidating their developing environmental agencies. This article further argues how these subjectivities are contextual to the intersectional aspects of environmental socialisation. The results provide youthful insights into today's authoritarian Turkey, which is facing an economic recession.

Environmental resource use is intimately intertwined with gendered power relations. Overarching ideals, governance and management are shaped by the negotiation and performance of gendered subjectivities. This thesis identifies and analyses key features of such negotiations and performances in the context of contemporary Swedish forestry. More specifically, I examine the gendered performances of women forest owners engaged in women-only forestry networks. The study draws on qualitative methods, including semi-structured interviews, participant observations, and textual analysis. From the perspective of feminist geography, the study builds on a poststructural feminist understanding of gender as relational, spatial, intersectional, and performative processes that influence people's relationships with the environment. The thesis consists of a comprehensive summary and three papers in which different aspects of women forest owners' gendered performances are addressed. In Paper I, I show how the women forest owners perform both femininities and female masculinities in ways that both challenge and endorse hegemonic forestry masculinities. In Paper II, I analyse how Swedish forest policy and governance are realised in the social domain through the negotiations and performances of the masculinist policy construct 'the active forest owner'. Being 'active' mainly entailed an orientation towards industrial timber production but was also challenged in the women-only network spaces to also include feminine-coded social and/or environmental values based on an ethics of care. In Paper III, I focus on the tension around the framing of women-only networks as feminist and/or gender equality projects. I argue that the women's reluctance to politicise their collective action are gendered performances based on a postfeminist sensibility, articulated, and maintained through various discursive moves. Throughout the papers, I also show how the women's performances are permeated by spatialities and spatial power relations in different ways. The findings contribute to the overlapping fields of feminist geography, gender studies, environmental (forest) governance, and rural studies.

Front cover -- Inside front cover -- Title pages -- Copyright page -- Contents pages -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contributors -- Introduction - The Production of Neoliberal Subjectivities: Constellations of Domination and Resistance - Jonathon Louth and Martin Potter -- Chapter One - Consuming Environmental Citizenship, or the Production of Neoliberal Green Citizens - Benito Cao -- Chapter Two - 'Empowered Girls' in Neoliberal Times: Malala as the Effect of Heterogeneous Discourses - Shenila Khoja-Moolji -- Chapter Three - Our Borders: Neoliberalism, Identity and Asylum Seeker Policy in Australia, 2001-2013 - Ben Revi -- Chapter Four - "The Way You Make Me Feel": Shame and the Neoliberal Governance of Disability Welfare Subjectivities in Australia and the UK - Karen Soldatic and Hannah Morgan -- Chapter Five - Subjects or Subjected? The Puzzle of Identity in Neoliberal Times - Tom Brock and Mark Carrigan -- Chapter Six - Ejaculatory Timing and Masculine Identities: The Politics of Ab/normalising Sexual Performance - Hannah Frith -- Chapter Seven - Neoliberal Ideology and Shifting 'Salarymen Identity' Under Corporate Restructuring in Japan - Nana Okura Gagne -- Chapter Eight - Urban Transformations, Work and the Idea of Social Solitude Among Two Generations of Men in Surabaya, East Java - Matteo Carlo Alcano -- Chapter Nine - Neoliberalising Mostar: Governmentality, Ethno-National Division and Everyday Forms of Resistance - Giulia Carabelli and Rowan Lubbock -- Chapter Ten: Urban Transformations in Phnom Penh: Creative Collectives, the White Building and the Production of Space - Jonathon Louth and Martin Potter -- Chapter Eleven - Exploring the Formation and Reproduction of Neoliberal Subjectivities: A Socio-cognitive Approach - Rodolfo Leyva -- Index -- Inside back cover -- Back cover.

REDD+ regimes are accompanied by capacity-building and educational practices, which play an important role in REDD+ governance. These practices address subaltern local and indigenous actors, seek their compliance and thereby contribute to the stabilization of otherwise all-too-fragile global carbon governance systems. In this article I analyze the governing effects of such practices by drawing on Robert Fletcher's concept of "multiple environmentalities" and Tania Murray Li's "analytic of assemblage." Empirically I focus on educational materials that have been designed for REDD+ projects in cooperation with one of the world's largest REDD+ funds, Norway's International Climate and Forest Initiative. I identify several strategies that aim at aligning diverse actors, seek to de- or re-politicize REDD+ concepts, authorize knowledge, and, most significantly, address local actors as responsible ecological stewards, who contribute to stabilizing REDD+ regimes on the ground. In total, these strategies promote programmatic subjectivities among indigenous 'stakeholders' and contribute to a new, 'glocal' understanding of nature-society relations.Keywords: global environmental governance, REDD+, governmentality, environmentality, capacity-building

"This book develops an ethico-political response to climate change that accounts for the novelty and uncertainty that it entails. This volume posits that an ethos can effectively connect the subjective, social, and environmental dimensions of climate change in order to understand and overcome this challenge. To show how this ethos builds upon the need for new forms of responsiveness, Anfinson analyzes it in terms of four features: commitment, worldly sensitivity, political disposition, and practice. Each of these features is developed by putting four thinkers - Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Schmitt, and Foucault respectively--in conversation with the literature on climate change. In doing so, this book shows how social habits and norms can be transformed through subjective thought and behavior in the context of a global environmental crisis. Presenting a multidisciplinary engagement with the politics, philosophy, and science of climate change, this book will be of great interest to students and scholars of climate change, environmental politics, environmental philosophy and environmental humanities"--

Abstract
This article argues that young people's critical agency related to consumerism and climate change, whether individually or collectively performed, is derived from lived experiences through which young people perform their interpretive agency. Building on the performative understanding of citizenship and digital ethnographic data on early youth with diverse social positioning from different regions, I intend to show how young people in Turkey, where the authoritarian regime restrains their civic engagements immensely, practice their interpretive agency and create youthful ways to enact their environmental subjectivities. I further analyze the intersubjective, spatial and, affective character of everyday environmental practices of young people in Turkey, reflecting their ways of belonging and empowerment that translate into shared (youthful) environmental values.

As a response to the march of privatization and neoliberal individualism, the commons have recently re-emerged as an attractive alternative. In this article, I bring a feminist political ecology critique to the burgeoning literature on commoning to develop a conceptualisation of how political communities of commoning emerge through socionatural subjectification and affective relations. All commoning efforts involve a renegotiation of the (contested) political relationships through which everyday community affairs, production and exchange are organised and governed. Drawing on critical property studies, diverse economies, feminist theory and commoning literatures, the analysis critically explores the relationship between property and commoning to reveal how the commons emerge from the exercise of power. Central to my conceptualisation is that commoning is a set of practices and performances that foster new relations and subjectivities, but these relations are always contingent, ambivalent, outcomes of the exercise of power. As such, commoning creates socionatural inclusions and exclusions, and any moment of coming together can be succeeded by new challenges and relations that un-common. I argue for the need to focus on doing commoning, becoming in common, rather than seeking to cement property rights, relations of sharing and collective practices as the backbone of durable commoning efforts. Becoming in common then, is a partial, transitory becoming, one which needs to be (re)performed to remain stable over time and space.

REDD+ regimes are accompanied by capacity-building and educational practices, which play an important role in REDD+ governance. These practices address subaltern local and indigenous actors, seek their compliance and thereby contribute to the stabilization of otherwise all-too-fragile global carbon governance systems. In this article I analyze the governing effects of such practices by drawing on Robert Fletcher's concept of "multiple environmentalities" and Tania Murray Li's "analytic of assemblage." Empirically I focus on educational materials that have been designed for REDD+ projects in cooperation with one of the world's largest REDD+ funds, Norway's International Climate and Forest Initiative. I identify several strategies that aim at aligning diverse actors, seek to de- or re-politicize REDD+ concepts, authorize knowledge, and, most significantly, address local actors as responsible ecological stewards, who contribute to stabilizing REDD+ regimes on the ground. In total, these strategies promote programmatic subjectivities among indigenous 'stakeholders' and contribute to a new, 'glocal' understanding of nature-society relations.Keywords: global environmental governance, REDD+, governmentality, environmentality, capacity-building

The Chinese authorities have formulated a vision for the global future that it terms 'ecological civilization' (shengtai wenming 生态文明). It was introduced into Communist Party ideology in 2007 and endorsed by Xi Jinping in 2013 as a major framework for the country's environmental policies. During the 2000s, the government set in motion many stricter environmental regulations and targets in line with this vision, including opening up some new room for bottom-up, volunteer-driven initiatives mostly on waste collection, recycling, education, and sustainable agriculture. At the same time, it calls for more participation of women in environmental governance at grassroots levels. Surveys in different parts of the world, including China, have suggested that women tend to be more concerned with environmental issues than men, but we have few qualitative studies in China of this topic. This article details three case studies in which women have initiated environmental projects in their local communities. They have mobilized other women (and some men) to engage in collective action, and they have generated financial and symbolic resources for their projects. We analyse these cases and argue that by raising the status of environmental issues such as waste collection and recycling, previously often downplayed as "women's affairs", China's environmental turn has helped expand the space available for female subjectivities and participation in public activities. However, this expanding role has not translated into better representation or participation of women at higher levels of political authority beyond the village level, and the emerging female environmental subjectivities remain firmly based in existing political hierarchies and male-dominated structures.