Suchergebnisse

Achieving a global forest transition, that is, a shift from net deforestation to reforestation, is essential for climate change mitigation. However, both land-based climate change mitigation policy and research on forest transitions neglect key processes that relieve pressure from forests, but cause emissions elsewhere ('hidden emissions'). Here, we identify three major causes of hidden emissions of forest transitions, that is, emissions from agricultural intensification, from woodfuel substitution, and from land displacement. Taken together, these emissions may compromise the climate change mitigation effect of national forest transitions. We propose to link analyses of hidden emissions of forest transitions with quantifications of full socio-ecological greenhouse-gas accounts and analyses of their politics. Such an integration allows for drawing lessons for effective and just climate change mitigation policies.

Les bouleversements climatiques sans précédent dans l'histoire de notre espèce que l'on connaît aujourd'hui ne peuvent être cantonnés à la sphère environnementale. Ils sont liés, par ce qui les cause, à l'ensemble de nos sociétés, de nos cultures et du système économique dominant. Il convient d'adopter une approche de plus en plus comparatiste et transdisciplinaire afin de répondre à une urgence globale. Sans analyser les crises écologiques et en s'appuyant sur les spécificités culturelles d'un corpus français, Stéphanie Posthumus propose d'allier la théorie et la fiction pour créer de nouveaux concepts permettant d'articuler des subjectivités inédites. Cette alliance se fait par des lectures « écologiques », qui feront émerger quatre concepts phares : la subjectivité écologique, l'habitat écologique, l'écologie politique et les fins écologiques. Tous sont interreliés et essentiels pour repenser les hommes et leur relation à leur environnement. Avançant par questionnements autant que par réponses, S. Posthumus nous conduit à nous interroger sur la relation entre l'humain et la nature, autant que sur le rôle (actuel et futur) de la littérature dans un monde en transformation. ; The 21st century is marked by unprecedented environmental issues and the climate change. These dramatic have a direct impact on societies all over the planet. Yet actually, our globalized societies, our consumption culture and our economic system are the source for many environmental issues and especially climate change. In order to find a proper response to this global emergency, we need a comparatist and transdisciplinary approach. For example, Stephanie Posthumus proposes to analyze the current ecological crisis by using literary theory and fiction instead of focusing on scientific theory, in order to create new concepts which give rise to new subjectivities. Her approach is based on the cultural specificities of French literature. By unifying literary theory and fiction, Posthumus uses, while creating it, the approach of "ecological readings". This approach has four key concepts : "ecological subjectivity", "ecological dwelling", "ecological politic" and "ecological ends". They are interconnected and central to the goal that aims to rethink humans and their environment. The author's argument is shaped through questions as well as responses, and it leads us to challenge our point of views about our relation to nature, but also on the present and future role played by literature in a changing and unstable world.

Les bouleversements climatiques sans précédent dans l'histoire de notre espèce que l'on connaît aujourd'hui ne peuvent être cantonnés à la sphère environnementale. Ils sont liés, par ce qui les cause, à l'ensemble de nos sociétés, de nos cultures et du système économique dominant. Il convient d'adopter une approche de plus en plus comparatiste et transdisciplinaire afin de répondre à une urgence globale. Sans analyser les crises écologiques et en s'appuyant sur les spécificités culturelles d'un corpus français, Stéphanie Posthumus propose d'allier la théorie et la fiction pour créer de nouveaux concepts permettant d'articuler des subjectivités inédites. Cette alliance se fait par des lectures «écologiques», qui feront émerger quatre concepts phares: la subjectivité écologique, l'habitat écologique, l'écologie politique et les fins écologiques. Tous sont interreliés et essentiels pour repenser les hommes et leur relation à leur environnement. Avançant par questionnements autant que par réponses, S. Posthumus nous conduit à nous interroger sur la relation entre l'humain et la nature, autant que sur le rôle (actuel et futur) de la littérature dans un monde en transformation. ; The 21st century is marked by unprecedented environmental issues and the climate change. These dramatic have a direct impact on societies all over the planet. Yet actually, our globalized societies, our consumption culture and our economic system are the source for many environmental issues and especially climate change. In order to find a proper response to this global emergency, we need a comparatist and transdisciplinary approach. For example, Stephanie Posthumus proposes to analyze the current ecological crisis by using literary theory and fiction instead of focusing on scientific theory, in order to create new concepts which give rise to new subjectivities. Her approach is based on the cultural specificities of French literature. By unifying literary theory and fiction, Posthumus uses, while creating it, the approach of "ecological readings". This approach has four key concepts : "ecological subjectivity", "ecological dwelling", "ecological politic" and "ecological ends". They are interconnected and central to the goal that aims to rethink humans and their environment. The author's argument is shaped through questions as well as responses, and it leads us to challenge our point of views about our relation to nature, but also on the present and future role played by literature in a changing and unstable world.

This essay outlines the emerging field of ecological theology (ecotheology) with a primary focus on the methods of ecological hermeneutics developed by biblical scholars, ethicists, and theologians. This relatively new approach to reading ancient sacred texts has emerged in tandem with, and partially as a result of, increased public, political, and scientific consensus on the impacts of anthropogenic global warming and the ranging environmentally related effects (e.g., reduction of biodiversity and ecosystems, deforestation, loss of fertile lands, and so forth). The demands of our current context have challenged scholars to consider how religious anthropocentric worldviews have influenced historical readings of the Bible in ways that have contributed to the crisis and constricted the ecological contours of the ancient text. In order to place these developments within a broader historical context, the first section summarizes the history and trajectory of ecological hermeneutics over the past four decades. The main section of this work outlines and summarizes the different types of reading strategies being considered and debated among scholars today and includes promising examples of ecocritical readings of biblical texts. These readings are based on a constructive and critical engagement of ancient texts in light of the modern environmental challenges.

"A collection of essays on nature observations at the Shaver's Creek Environmental Center, focusing on deepening the connection of personal and cultural meanings to a specific place through a process of sustained close attention"--Provided by publisher

ABSTRACT: The author responds to the comments of participants in this forum regarding his book, Farming as Financial Asset: Global Finance and the Making of Institutional Landscapes (2020).

In the 2010s, the Pakistan Kissan Ittehad (PKI) emerged in Punjab as a militant movement that brought together different fractions of agrarian producers against the IMF-proposed removal of electricity subsidies for agricultural tube wells. The article draws on fieldwork with the PKI in 2018–2019 to understand its trajectories since its contestation of one aspect of the agenda of structural reform. I argue that the analytical framework of "agrarian populism," which has recently come back into use to understand agrarian politics, poses limitations in differentiating agrarian movements from each other. By focusing on how the PKI navigates the intersection between the agrarian, national, and ecological questions, the article shows how the movement has approached agrarian market reform, ecological crisis, and national development. Through this discussion, it undertakes a critical assessment of the PKI and situates it with longer histories of class differentiation, agrarian change, and ecological transformation.

Abstract
The Republic's political discussion begins with the construction of two contrasting cities: a 'healthy' city and a 'city with a fever'; one defined by environmentally sustainable subsistence practices and the other by 'luxurious' over consumption that exceeds the carrying capacity of its land. Plato's characters proceed to cure the inflamed city of its fever, resulting in the delineation of the ideal political constitution, the Kallipolis, which recovers the virtues of the original, healthy city in an altered form. This paper develops an ecological reading of the Republic, highlighting Plato's optimism regarding humans' ability to limit their material consumption in accordance with the limits of the natural world. The conventional interpretation of the Republic's first city, known as 'the city of pigs', is reconsidered in light of new socio-ecological research on traditional resource management systems.

"Applying a re-envisioned, ecological, feminist hermeneutics, this book builds on two important responses to 20th and 21st century situations of ecological trauma, especially the complex contexts of climate change and cross-species relations: first, ecological feminism; second, ecological hermeneutics in the Earth Bible tradition. By way of readings of selected biblical texts, this book suggests that an ecological feminist aesthetic, bringing present situation and biblical text into conversation through engagement with activism and literature, principally poetry, is helpful in decolonizing ethics. Such an approach is both informed by and speaks back to the new materialism in ecological criticism"--