Suchergebnisse

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 -- Concentrations of Lead and Other Inorganic Constituents in Samples of Raw Intake and Treated Drinking Water From the Municipal Water Filtration Plant and Residential Tapwater in Chicago, Illinois, and East Chicago, Indiana, July-December 2017* -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Background -- Purpose and Scope -- Methods -- Sampling Site Selection -- Sampling Methods -- Analytical Methods -- National Water Quality Laboratory -- Redox Chemistry Laboratory -- Quality Assurance/Quality Control -- Results -- Chicago and East Chicago Water Filtration Plant Sampling -- Chicago Area Tapwater Sampling -- Discussion -- EPA Guidance on Reducing Pb Exposure in Home Drinking Water -- Conversion Factors -- Data -- Supplemental Information -- References -- Chapter 2 -- Drinking Water Health Standards Comparison and Chemical Analysis of Groundwater for 72 Domestic Wells in Bradford County, Pennsylvania, 2016( -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Purpose and Scope -- Description of Study Area -- Study Methods -- Selection of Sampling Locations -- Collection and Analysis of Samples -- Graphical and Statistical Analyses -- Quality Assurance and Quality Control -- Groundwater Quality and Comparison to Drinking Water Health Standards -- Physical and Chemical Properties -- Major Ions -- Nutrients -- Bacteria -- Metals and Trace Elements -- Radionuclides -- Dissolved Methane and Other Naturally Occurring Hydrocarbon Gases -- Man-Made Organic Compounds -- Chemical Analysis and Relations among Constituents in Groundwater -- Conceptual Hydrogeochemical Model -- Relations among pH, Specific Conductance, and Constituent Concentrations -- Ionic Contributions to Conductivity and Total Dissolved Solids -- Correlations among Major and Trace Constituents in Groundwater.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Authors -- List of figures -- List of tables -- 1 Properties of water -- 2 London drinking: historical transformations of water -- 3 Configuring bottled water in Europe -- 4 Divided Delhi: bricolage water economies and sustainability crises -- 5 Mexico City: up in the sky without a river -- 6 Taiwan water: little island, waves of power -- 7 Water variations -- Bibliography -- Index.

Intro -- UNDERAGE DRINKING: EXAMINING AND PREVENTING YOUTH USE OF ALCOHOL -- UNDERAGE DRINKING: EXAMINING AND PREVENTING YOUTH USE OF ALCOHOL -- LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1: ALCOHOL TREATMENT REPORT -- IN BRIEF -- ALCOHOL TREATMENT: NEED, UTILIZATION, AND BARRIERS -- Chapter 2: ALCOHOL USE AMONG YOUTH -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- SURVEILLANCE -- PREVALENCE -- LEGAL PERSPECTIVES -- POLICY PERSPECTIVES -- Chapter 3: QUANTITY AND FREQUENCY OF ALCOHOL USE -- IN BRIEF -- QUANTITY AND FREQUENCY OF ALCOHOL USE AMONG UNDERAGE DRINKERS -- Chapter 4: SELF-REGULATION IN THE ALCOHOL INDUSTRY -- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. STUDY OF INDUSTRY SELF-REGULATION -- III. YOUTH ALCOHOL ACCESS -- IV. ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- V. CONCLUSION -- EXHIBIT A: ORDER TO FILE SPECIAL REPORT -- UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BEFORE FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION -- ORDER TO FILE SPECIAL REPORT -- SPECIFICATIONS -- APPENDIX A: DEFINITIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS -- EXHIBIT B: WE DON'T SERVE TEENS WEEK (2007) PARTICIPANTS AND PROMOTIONAL MATERIALS -- EXHIBIT C: BEER INSTITUTE INTERNET BUYING GUIDELINES -- EXHIBIT D: DISCUS INTERNET BUYING GUIDELINES -- STATEMENT OF COMMISSIONER PAMELA JONES HARBOUR CONCURRING IN PART AND DISSENTING IN PART -- Chapter 5: UNDERAGE ALCOHOL USE: FINDINGS FROM THE 2002-2006 NATIONAL SURVEYS ON DRUG USE AND HEALTH -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- HIGHLIGHTS -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. TRENDS IN UNDERAGE DRINKING: 2002-2006 -- 3. PATTERNS OF UNDERAGE ALCOHOL USE AND DISORDERS: 2002-2006 -- 4. CHARACTERISTICS OF RECENT DRINKING EPISODES -- REFERENCES -- APPENDIX A: DESCRIPTION OF THE SURVEYS -- APPENDIX B: STATISTICAL METHODS AND MEASUREMENT -- APPENDIX C: PREVALENCE TABLES -- Chapter 6: UNDERAGE ALCOHOL USE: WHERE DO YOUNG PEOPLE DRINK? -- IN BRIEF

Intro -- Introduction -- The State of Underage Drinking in theUnited States -- The Drinking Age Should Be Lowered to Eighteen -- The Drinking Age Should Not Be Lowered to Eighteen -- Eliminating the Drinking Age Promotes Freedom -- Eliminating or Lowering the Drinking Age -- Lowering the Drinking Age Can Prevent Binge Drinking -- Lowering the Drinking Age Will Encourage Binge Drinking -- Exposing Teens to Alcohol Helps Them Drink Responsibly -- Teen Drinking May Cause Irreversible Brain Damage -- Parents Should Let Teens Drink at Home So They Learn to Drink Responsibly -- Parents Should Not Let Teens Drink at Home -- Banning Caffeinated Alcohol Drinks Can Reduce Underage Binge Drinking -- Banning Caffeinated Alcohol Drinks Will Not Reduce Underage Binge Drinking -- Single-Sex Dormitories Can Prevent Underage Drinking -- Underage Drinkers Should Be Given Medical Amnesty -- Underage Drinkers Should Take Alcohol Classes -- Appendix -- ORGANIZATION OF CONTACT -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- INDEX -- PICTURE CREDITS -- 1 -- 2 -- 3 -- 4 -- 5 -- 6

Various cognitive and social factors influence the consumption of alcohol during adolescence. Accurate assessment of the relative importance of these variables is crucial for planning interventions against alcohol-related problems. This study compared the effects of drinking motives, perceived parent, and peer alcohol consumption on alcohol use in Italian adolescents. We collected the data by means of a self-report questionnaire on a sample of 229 secondary school students who were 15 to 20 years old. To test the influence of different groups of predictors, we performed three hierarchical regression and one binary logistic regression analyses. We found that perceived norms about drinking influenced adolescents' alcohol consumption: Perception of friends' alcohol use was of particular significance, whereas perceived parental norms had an influence only concerning alcoholic beverages with low alcohol content, such as beer. Regarding drinking motives, internal motivations were related to risky drinking, whereas external motivations were not associated with problematic alcohol consumption.

The threat to health from passive smoking is now well understood. Andrew Wilson, a freelance healthcare journalist, reveals the alarming results of recent research into 'passive drinking'. Without wishing to cause alarm Economic Affairs wonders how seriously we should treat these new findings?

In this book, the first long-term follow-up study of alcohol use among Native Americans, a physician and sociologist and an anthropologist examine the data on three groups of Navajos whom they first interviewed about their use of alcohol in 1966. The authors find verification for their initial hypothesis that young men who would have been classed as alcoholic often stop or moderate their drinking as they age. They also find that there is considerable diversity in patterns of alcohol use among both women and men.Stephen J. Kunitz and Jerrold E. Levy study the histories of those who have died as well as those who have survived since the first study was done. They show that, compared to those who have survived, the former were more likely to have been solitary drinkers and were on average younger at the time when they were first interviewed. The authors also present data for the entire Navajo population on changing mortality from alcohol-related causes from the 1960s to the present; they compare alcohol-related death rates among Navajos to those among rural Anglos in Arizona and New Mexico; they analyze two family histories-one of a family with severe alcohol problems, the other of a family with none-that illustrate how traditional patterns of wealth have shaped the way people have learned to use alcohol; they study the factors that may have led to the emergence of a solitary, unrestrained drinking style among some Navajos; and they describe the changes in treatment programs and the transformation of traditional healing systems as they are integrated into a bureaucratized health care system

This article investigates the relationship between work team attitudes, drinking norms, and workplace drinking in a large assembly line factory in the Midwest. Respondents were asked whether significant persons at work (friends, team members, and supervisors) would approve or disapprove if they engaged in three types of work-related drinking (before work, at work, and at work to intoxication). Respondents were also asked whether they agreed or disagreed with several positive and negative statements about work teams–a new form of assembly line production introduced in the 1980s. Several items probing relations between union employees and supervisors were also included. Separate regression analyses were used to predict workplace drinking norms and workplace drinking. Using exploratory factor analysis and hierarchical regression, positive attitudes toward work teams significantly predicted less permissive drinking norms even when overall drinking and various background variables were controlled. In a second regression analysis, drinking norms significantly predicted workplace drinking. Additionally, it was revealed in the analysis that hourly African-Americans as a group were significantly more likely to have positive team attitudes and less permissive drinking norms than whites. The role of team-based work system in the primary prevention of workplace alcohol misuse is discussed.