Suchergebnisse

One of the best examples, in evolution of the public procurement, from post-soviet countries are reforms carried out in Georgia, which brought them close to international standards of procurement. In Georgia, public procurement legislation started functioning short after gaining independence. The reform has passed several stages and came in the form as it is today. It should also be noted, that countries with economy in transition, including Georgia, implemented all the reforms in public procurement based on recommendations and support of World Bank, the United Nations and other international organizations. The aim of first adopted law was regulation of the procurement process of budget-organizations, transparency and creation of competitive environment for private companies to access state funds legally. The priorities were identified quite clearly in the wording of the law, but operation/function of this law could not be reached on its level, because of some objective and subjective reasons. The high level of corruption in all levels of governance can be considered as a main obstacle reason and of course, it is natural, that it had direct impact on the procurement process, as well as on transparency and rational use of state funds. These circumstances were the reasons that reforms in this sphere continued, to improve procurement process, in particular, the first wave of reforms began after several years. Public procurement agency carried out reform with World Bank with main purpose of smartening the procurement legislation and its harmonization with international treaties and agreements. Also with the support of World Bank various activities were carried out to raise awareness of participants involved in procurement system. Further major changes in the legislation were filed bit later, which was also directed towards the improvement and smarten of the procurement process. The third wave of the reform more or less guaranteed the transparency of the procurement process, which later became the basis for the ...

In the present article, the experience of market economy construction and macroeconomic management problem solving at different stages of Azerbaijan's development is considered. To assess effectiveness of the economic policy pursued, a comparative approach is used. Key economy characteristics are compared with typical or average criteria applied to groups of countries with economies resembling Azerbaijan in a certain way.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the rationality of the decision making of residential developers in Thailand. Exploring its implications in the residential development field, the researchers propose the famous prospect theory as the primary cause of developers' incompetent decisions during the pre-development stage of residential development.Design/methodology/approachThe methodologies used in this research include literature review, expert interview, and experimental questionnaire.FindingsThe results show that Thai developers exhibit all five aspects of prospect theory: loss aversion, fourfold pattern, bias from rare events, mental accounting, and preference reversals (PR); however, in contrast to previous literature, the researchers found that Thai developers always choose to receive gains, and usually make risky choices to avoid losses, even if the risk of loss is low. Moreover, status quo bias has a low influence on Thai developers: they tend to become attached to the areas they develop, but remain flexible in selecting a project type that fits the land. In addition, PR and the framing effect affect only some groups of developers.Practical implicationsThis research provides awareness to professionals in the residential development field to make sound judgements, using Thailand as a case study.Originality/valueThis paper reveals the existence of the unproven prospect theory in the residential development field using an empirical study in Thailand as a case study.

In the context of globalization of the mo­dern world and the growth of intercultural interaction, the question of spiritual development of the nation, the issues of formation, establishment, and the main trends in the further evolution of its art become the subject of research by many art historians, who, through the use of their topical articles and speeches, have made conditions for the further improvement of art studies in Kazakhstan.Currently, the Republic of Kazakhstan is on the way of radical changes in its political, economic and cultural system, which became possible with the acquisition of Kazakhstan's status as a sovereign state.Scientists of Kazakhstan — historians, ethnographers, culturologists, art experts of the 20th—21st centuries — conducted comprehensive studies of the history, culture and art of the Kazakh people. Special attention was paid to description of the traditional types of applied art (felting, weaving, embroidery), as well as the work of master jewelers.While the traditional types of applied art have been widely described and studied by art historians in ethno-cultural aspects, the professional jewelry art of Kazakhstan, the work of modern national masters are still insufficiently investigated, including the issues of archaic and traditional forms interpretation in today's jewelry art.Contemporary jewelry artists working in the most topical forms keep the Kazakh traditions of jewelry craftsmanship: they use generally accepted techniques of metal processing in their works, creatively interpret traditional forms.The active use of the established techniques by mo­dern masters is complemented by the latest technology.The artistic features of modern jewelry are based on the author's interpretation of forms and techniques of traditional jewelry art; there is a kind of synthesis: a mixture of traditions of the Kazakh craft, techniques of folk applied art, and current artistic trends.

process is a set of activities that are used to produce software. The presentation of a simplified software process is shown in a special perspective such as workflow, data flow and role-action. There are some models designed to follow during this process which helps software improvement such as Waterfall, Spiral, Agile, Scrum and etc. To achieve competitiveness, Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) is another important process model that should be used by companies. For this study, the aim is to find out the properties of the software sector in Turkish Republic Northern Cyprus (TRNC) and investigate how companies handle their software management process. The 11 companies in TRNC chosen have shared their experience on sector issues. Each of them has given details about their working areas, team, structures and models that are used, the development environment and maintenance policies. They have also shared their opinions about the software sector in TRNC, the problems and shortcomings of this sector and what has to be done to improve it. Common and contradictory points that are shared by these companies are determined. The results of our analyses showed that the informatics sector in TRNC has some problems and shortcomings. With the recommendations stated, these problems can be eliminated and the industry can be improved. Keywords: Software process, software process models, CMM, CMMI, the TRNC software sector. ; ÖZ: Yazılım süreci, yazılım üretmek için kullanılan bir dizi aktivitedir. Basitleştirilmiş bir yazılım sürecinin gösterimi, iş akışı, veri akışı ve rol eylemi gibi özel bir bakış açısıyla gösterilir. Şelale, Spiral, Çevik, Scrum gibi yazılım iyileştirmeye yardımcı olan bazı yazılım geliştirme yaşam dairesi modelleri vardır. Rekabetçiliği sağlamak için şirketler tarafından kullanılması gereken diğer önemli bir süreç modeli ise Tümleşik Yetenek Olgunluk Modeli (CMMI)'dir. Bu çalışmadaki amaç KKTC'deki yazılım sektörünü ve şirketlerin yazılım yönetim süreçlerini nasıl yürüttüğünü incelemektir. Seçilen 11 şirket bu konudaki deneyimlerini paylaşmıştır. Her biri, çalışma alanları, ekibi, yapıları ve kullanılan modelleri, geliştirme ortamı ve bakım politikaları hakkındaki detayları paylaşmıştır. KKTC'deki yazılım sektörü ile ilgili görüşlerini, sektörün sorunlarını ve eksikliklerini ve bunu iyileştirmek için neler yapılması gerektiği hakkındaki görüşlerini de sunmuşlardır. Daha sonrasında bu şirketler tarafından paylaşılan ortak ve çelişen noktalar tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda elde edilen analizlerin sonuçları, KKTC'deki bilişim sektörünün bazı sorun ve eksikliklere sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Önerilecek tavsiyelerle bu sorunlar ortadan kaldırılabilir ve endüstri gelişebilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Yazılım süreci, yazılım süreç modelleri, CMM, CMMI, KKTC yazılım sektörü. ; Master of Science in Computer Engineering. Thesis (M.S.)--Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculty of Engineering, Dept. of Computer Engineering, 2017. Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Hadi Işık Aybay.