Suchergebnisse

Background. Mental disorders as a result of various forms of addictions and high criminogenicity of such persons has led to the need for a number of legislative changes in the field of jurisprudence (law), medicine and expertise. Materials and methods. Mental state of 661 examinees persons was studied. The presence of states of dependence on psychoactive substances and their impact on the ability to apprehend the sense of one's actions and manage (ASAM) them and apprehend the sense of one's actions (ASA) was studied. Objective: to develop a model of forensic psychiatric expert assessment of the ability of persons with states of dependence on the psychoactive substances to apprehent their actions and (or) manage them in accordance with existing legislation. Results and conclusions. It was established that 1.1% of examenees could not ASAM completely in criminal proceedings, 93.2% could ASAM, and 5.7% could not ASAM. In the civil process, with a retrospective definition of the mental state at the time of the conclusion of an agreement, an expert decision on the significant impact of psychoactive substances was made in 45% of cases, on the preservation of the ability to ASAM - 31.7%, of the inability to ASAM - 23.3%. This testifies to the non-use of expert practice in making decisions on "restraint locus standi" in the widespread use of the category of "limited capacity" in the civil process, which leads to an unjustified restriction of judges in choosing medical and legal measures for the prevention of repeated crimes by persons with states of dependence on psychoactive substances.

Background. Mental disorders as a result of various forms of addictions and high criminogenicity of such persons has led to the need for a number of legislative changes in the field of jurisprudence (law), medicine and expertise. Materials and methods. Mental state of 661 examinees persons was studied. The presence of states of dependence on psychoactive substances and their impact on the ability to apprehend the sense of one's actions and manage (ASAM) them and apprehend the sense of one's actions (ASA) was studied. Objective: to develop a model of forensic psychiatric expert assessment of the ability of persons with states of dependence on the psychoactive substances to apprehent their actions and (or) manage them in accordance with existing legislation. Results and conclusions. It was established that 1.1% of examenees could not ASAM completely in criminal proceedings, 93.2% could ASAM, and 5.7% could not ASAM. In the civil process, with a retrospective definition of the mental state at the time of the conclusion of an agreement, an expert decision on the significant impact of psychoactive substances was made in 45% of cases, on the preservation of the ability to ASAM - 31.7%, of the inability to ASAM - 23.3%. This testifies to the non-use of expert practice in making decisions on "restraint locus standi" in the widespread use of the category of "limited capacity" in the civil process, which leads to an unjustified restriction of judges in choosing medical and legal measures for the prevention of repeated crimes by persons with states of dependence on psychoactive substances.

Oliynyk O. P. Model of expert assessment of psychic disorders in persons with dependence from psychoactive substances, who did criminal actions. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2019;9(3):239-248. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2592689 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/6698 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2019; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 20.02.2019. Revised: 28.02.2019. Accepted: 13.03.2019. MODEL OF EXPERT ASSESSMENT OF PSYCHIC DISORDERS IN PERSONS WITH DEPENDENCE FROM PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES, WHO DID CRIMINAL ACTIONS O. P. Oliynyk State Enterprise "Research Institute of Psychiatry ", Kiev, Ukraine Abstract Background. Mental disorders as a result of various forms of addictions and high criminogenicity of such persons has led to the need for a number of legislative changes in the field of jurisprudence (law), medicine and expertise. Materials and methods. Mental state of 661 examinees persons was studied. The presence of states of dependence on psychoactive substances and their impact on the ability to apprehend the sense of one's ...

The paper presents the results of the empirical research carried out at the Higher Court in Niš in the period from 01/01/2013 to 01/01/2016. On the basis of the statistical data collected on narcotics-related crimes, the paper shows how many final judgments were imposed for each of these criminal offences in the observed period. Most commonly, these crimes are directly committed by young men, whereas women are mostly complicit in these criminal offences. Given the fact that the number of criminal offences related to narcotics increases year after year, it may be concluded that the abuse of psychoactive substances represents an unsolvable problem. The research was aimed at determining the number of judgments rendered for the criminal offences of complicity, as well as the most commonly trafficked narcotics, where marijuana seems to prevail. The research was also aimed at examining the penal policy pertaining to criminal offences related to narcotics, including both criminal sanctions and safety measures imposed on the perpetrators of these criminal offences.

Congress and the Drug Enforcement Administration have assigned certain psychoactive substances to one of five schedules, based on assumed or demonstrated abuse potential. Although formidable difficulties exist in assessing the hazards of drug use, some of these assignments do not appear consistent with empirical estimates. This mismatch of assignment and abuse potential ‐possibly due to "radical" political ideology ‐ obscures significant differences in drug effects, and therefore stifles meaningful public participation in evaluating the benefits, risks, and proper use (if any) of available psychoactive substances.

This review paper is based on a talk given at the British Pharmaceutical Society Winter Meeting in 2018 derived from the Home Office Report on the workings of the UK Psychoactive Substances Act (PSA) published in November 2018. The review deals with the context in which the PSA 2016 arose and how this piece of legislation differs from other UK drug regulations. It attempts to put the PSA in context with other control schemes being instituted around the world and to assess the success of the Act in its first 2 years of implementation. For more details the reader is referred to Review of the Psychoactive Substances Act 2016, Home Office, November 2018.

The paper presents the results of the empirical research carried out at the Higher Court in Niš in the period from 01/01/2013 to 01/01/2016. On the basis of the statistical data collected on narcotics-related crimes, the paper shows how many final judgments were imposed for each of these criminal offences in the observed period. Most commonly, these crimes are directly committed by young men, whereas women are mostly complicit in these criminal offences. Given the fact that the number of criminal offences related to narcotics increases year after year, it may be concluded that the abuse of psychoactive substances represents an unsolvable problem. The research was aimed at determining the number of judgments rendered for the criminal offences of complicity, as well as the most commonly trafficked narcotics, where marijuana seems to prevail. The research was also aimed at examining the penal policy pertaining to criminal offences related to narcotics, including both criminal sanctions and safety measures imposed on the perpetrators of these criminal offences. ; Rad obuhvata rezultate istraživanja koje je sprovedeno u Višem sudu u Nišu, a koje obuhvata period od 01.01.2013. godine do 01.01.2016. godine. Na osnovu statističkih podataka utvrđeno je koliko je doneto pravnosnažnih presuda za određeni vremenski period, za svako od navedenih krivičnih dela. Zatim utvrđeno je da se broj krivičnih dela u vezi sa opojnom drogom, povećava iz godine u godinu, što je dokaz da zloupotreba psihoaktivnih supstanci predstavlja nerešiv problem, kao i da se kao najčešći izvršioci javljaju muškarci, mlađe starosne dobi, dok se žene češće javljaju kao saučesnici u izvršenju ovih krivičnih dela. Istraživanje je usmereno i na utvrđivanje broja presuda koje su izrečene za krivična dela izvršena u saizvršilaštvu, kao i na otkrivanju najzastupljenijih opojnih droga, gde preovlađuje opojna droga marihuana. Takođe je istraživanje usmereno i na kaznenu politiku krivičnih dela u vezi sa opojnim drogama, kao i merama bezbednosti koje se izriču ...

The emergence of new psychoactive substances has earned a great deal of attention, and several reports of acute poisoning and deaths have been issued involving, for instance, synthetic opiates. In recent years, there have been profound alterations in the legislation concerning consumption, marketing, and synthesis of these compounds; rapid alert systems have also been subject to changes, and new substances and new markets, mainly through the internet, have appeared. Their effects and how they originate in consumers are still mostly unknown, primarily in what concerns chronic toxicity. This review intends to provide a detailed description of these substances from the point of view of consumption, toxicokinetics, and health consequences, including case reports on intoxications in order to help researchers and public health agents working daily in this area. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The emergence of new psychoactive substances has earned a great deal of attention, and several reports of acute poisoning and deaths have been issued involving, for instance, synthetic opiates. In recent years, there have been profound alterations in the legislation concerning consumption, marketing, and synthesis of these compounds; rapid alert systems have also been subject to changes, and new substances and new markets, mainly through the internet, have appeared. Their effects and how they originate in consumers are still mostly unknown, primarily in what concerns chronic toxicity. This review intends to provide a detailed description of these substances from the point of view of consumption, toxicokinetics, and health consequences, including case reports on intoxications in order to help researchers and public health agents working daily in this area.

Front -- Contents -- Glossary of initialisms and acronyms -- Editors and other contributors -- the Pompidou Group -- Preface -- introduction -- Croatia - Coherence policy markers for addictions -- Czech republic - Coherence policy markers -- hungary - Coherent addiction policies: piloting a diagnostic tool -- ireland - Coherency of policies on illicit drugs, alcohol and tobacco -- israel - Coherency of drugs policy: a structured analysis -- italy - drugs policy coherence: from policy markers to policy makers -- Portugal - Coherent policy markers for drugs -- Concluding remarks -- appendix: Pompidou Group publications from the Council of Europe Co-operation Group to Combat drug abuse and illicit trafcking in drugs.