Suchergebnisse

A culture is a kind of common created by social communications and composed of both information and attention. Over the last hundred and forty years or so, the United States has seen an aggressive move toward the privatization of both the information and attention facets of the cultural commons. The model of a collectively governed commons offers a more democratic option than commodified communications.

Cover -- Half-Title Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Introduction -- PART1: The Intellectual Movement of the Cultural Commons -- Introduction to Part 1 -- 1. The Pioneering Approach of Jurists from the Berkman Center for Internet and Society -- 1.1. A critique of the maximalist doctrine of intellectual property -- 1.1.1. The enclosure of the intangible commons of the mind -- 1.1.2. The threat of disappearance of free culture in cyberspace -- 1.2. The political economy of information commons -- 1.2.1. Shared ownership and individual freedom -- 1.2.2. A new mode of information production -- 1.3. The creative commons in the field of works of the mind -- 1.3.1. Incarnation of free culture practices -- 1.3.2. Institutionalization of free culture: Creative Commons licenses -- 1.3.3. The modalities of cohabitation with the commercial cultural economy -- 1.4. Propagation in the intellectual and militant sphere in France -- 1.4.1. The challenge of legalizing non-market sharing -- 1.4.2. The challenge of legal recognition of the information commons -- 1.5. Recent extensions of the BCIS approach -- 1.5.1. The digital public domain: the perimeter of cultural commons -- 1.5.2. Network infrastructure as a commons -- 1.5.3. Remuneration of volunteer contributors -- 2. The Ostromian Approach to the Knowledge Commons -- 2.1. Ostrom's original theory of the land commons -- 2.1.1. An institutional definition of the commons -- 2.1.2. A questioning of the "tragedy of the commons" -- 2.1.3. Communal property as a bundle of rights -- 2.1.4. An institutional approach to the self-organization of common resources -- 2.2. The knowledge commons: Hess and Ostrom's approach -- 2.2.1. The singularity of information common pool resources (CPR) -- 2.2.2. Digital libraries as information CPRs -- 2.2.3. Institutional analysis and development framework (IAD).

Les catégories économiques peuvent faire plus que qualifier un pan de la francophonie contemporaine. Elles peuvent aider à la penser. Ainsi, cet article présentera comment le cadre théorique d'Elinor Ostrom développé pour analyser les biens naturels communs (commons) présente un intérêt pour comprendre ce qu'est un commun culturel ; la francophonie en étant une forme particulière. Ce bien constitue le sujet et le collectif, repose sur une croissance continue du fonds culturel, est étendu et extensible, et se veut l'objet de communautés créatives. Certaines questions relatives à la francophonie contemporaine seront ensuite abordées à travers ce prisme. Celle-ci sera appréhendée comme un commun culturel à la fois résiliaire, résilient, et dont la gouvernance suppose un véritable cocktail institutionnel autrement plus complexe que celui mis en œuvre pour gérer les communs naturels.

Part I: Urban Commons As A Response To Institutional Constraints -- Chapter 1. From Goods To Orders And Rules Of Governance: A Preliminary Exploration -- Chapter 2. Towards A Policy For The Cultural Commons -- Chapter 3. Urban Heritage As Cultural Capital, District And Commons: An Economic Perspective -- Chapter 4. Power In Networks And The Urban Space -- Chapter 5. Communing The Stage: The Complex Semantics Of The Theatre Commons -- Chapter 6. Public Art Today. How Art In Public Space Sheds Light On The Future Of The Theory Of Commons -- Part Ii: Art And The City: Dialogues Between Space And Community -- Chapter 7. The Rocking Cradle Of Creativity. Tales Of Inertia And Frictions, Cultural And Urban Transformations, Creative Actions -- Chapter 8. Public Space: Mapping The Physical, Social And Cultural Accessibility For The Creation Of Urban Commons -- Chapter 9. Enhancing Human And Urban Capital: A Value-Oriented Approach -- Chapter 10. The Social Aesthetics Of Cultural Commons -- Chapter 11. From Digitalization To Crowdfunding Platforms: Fomenting The Cultural Commons.

Recently thecommonshas become a predominant metaphor for the types of social relationships between people, ideas, and new digital technologies. In IP debates, the commons signifies openness, the exclusion of intermediaries, and remix culture that is creative, innovative, and politically disobedient. This article examines the material and social implications of these debates (and the legal copyright regimes they interact with) in the translation andremixof Warumungu culture onto a set of locally produced DVDs. Although DVD technology can account for concerns such as monitoring access, preserving cultural knowledge, and reinforcing existing kinship networks, it also brings with it the possibility of multiple reproductions, knowledge sampling, and unintended mobilizations. Tracking the shifting mandates and emergent protocols in this digital interface redirects the lines of the debate to include multiple structures of accountability, ongoing systems of inequity, and overlapping access regimes involved in the always tense processes of cultural innovation.

Preface- Part 1 Culture in Gaming and Simulation -- Chapter 1: Gaming Simulation – Terminology and Fundamentals -- Chapter 2: Knowledge from the Great Ancestors: The "Cone of Ab-straction" – Revisiting a Key Concept through Interviews with Gaming Simulation Veterans -- Chapter 3 -- Board Game Immersion -- Chapter 4: Women (and a little bit of Culture) in Simulation Gaming -- Chapter 5: The Current Status of Japanese Game Players and its Impact on the Society -- Part 2 Education -- Chapter 6: Case Example: KIKATOPIA Game – A Simulation Game on Diversity and Living together with Children as Co-designers -- Chapter 7: Bringing Gaming into Education: Cultural Context and Ethical Issues in the Case of SN Games -- Chapter 8: Code of Conduct for Facilitators and the Ethics of De-briefing -- Chapter 9: Ethics and Simulation Games in a Cultural Context: Why Should we Bother? And What Can We Learn? -- Part 3 Manipulation in Games -- Chapter 10: Subtle Manipulation in Games -- Chapter 11: Manipulation through Gamification and Gaming.

Culture is the medium through which human capabilities are transmitted. In this respect, culture may be understood as a commons that is consequential to the future of other forms of commons. Regenerating the commons is inherently and intrinsically associated with democratizing and partnering. The commons of shared meanings that enable truth telling are exploitable by the market when education is dominated by the market. If educational institutions are at the behest of the market and the state, education can neither be a commons nor be in the service of the commons. We can frame this circumstance as an enclosure of learning. Transformative learning facilitates a shifting from the mindset of exploiting the commons to a mindset of regenerating the commons. In fact, the core transformation that occurs in transformative learning is the liberation of awareness from identity enclosure. Such a liberation prepares the ground for growing partnership capabilities from the intimate to the global, essential for preserving and regenerating the commons. An education that transforms seeks to re-sacralize and regenerate culture as a commons, which can then enable partnership-based care towards all other forms of commons.

Sacred groves or sacred natural sites (SNS) are defined areas of land and bodies of water with considerable socio-cultural and ecological value. This study attempts to analyse SNS using the framework of commons or common-pool resources and understand the implications regarding the access to and ecological sustainability of these sacred spaces. A set of ten groves from an inventory of sacred groves reported by the Institute of Foresters Kerala were chosen using purposive sampling to cover various types of custodianship and communities in the district of Thrissur. This district houses the most famous sacred grove in Kerala and is known for consecrating sacred groves and expunging spirits. A field survey employing an observation schedule and semi-structured interviews were undertaken focusing on the biophysical, socio-cultural, and institutional aspects of the SNS. Understanding the relationship between grove ecosystems and stakeholder communities was the objective of the study. The management of SNS in the study sites does not show much evidence of collective action. There is a tendency of SNS to become 'club goods' over a period of time. Regardless of types of custodianship, SNS exhibit properties of common-pool resources from an ecological point of view. Even when customarily managed along caste lines, access was not physically restricted. Recent constructions of concrete boundaries around SNS, conversion of groves to temples, and increasing intensity and frequency of rituals have changed the socio-cultural and ecological character of these spaces. The study shows that the perspective of the commons is inadequate to capture the underlying power dynamics of institutions of SNS. Understanding the transformation of SNS from being 'open' and inclusive to closed and elitist temple spaces need a different language of political ecology.