This document is a summary public version of the Ethics Recommendations for Crisis Translation Settings produced by some of the INTERACT project team. INTERACT is the International Network in Crisis Translation, a project funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 734211. Further information about the project as a whole is available at: https://sites.google.com/view/crisistranslation/home
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to highlight the role that language translation can play in disaster prevention and management and to make the case for increased attention to language translation in crisis communication.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on literature relating to disaster management to suggest that translation is a perennial issue in crisis communication.FindingsAlthough communication with multicultural and multilinguistic communities is seen as being in urgent need of attention, the authors find that the role of translation in enabling this is underestimated, if not unrecognized.Originality/valueThis paper raises awareness of the need for urgent attention to be given by scholars and practitioners to the role of translation in crisis communication.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to outline how refugees' transnational networks and online relationships facilitated through social media provide access to timely and trusted translated information in disaster settings.
Design/methodology/approach The study is a digital ethnography of resettled refugees' practices of transnational care and support through social media that took place over 12 months. It involved conducting 50 semi-structured interviews and collecting 472 online social media diaries with 15 participants. Data analysis was conducted through constructivist grounded theory.
Findings Transnational networks are increasingly part of refugees' everyday lives that illustrate how social media platforms can provide forms of transnational care and access to trusted translated communications during times of crisis. The paper discusses the possibilities and cautions of such support.
Research limitations/implications The small number of participants limits the ability to make generalised claims about refugees and transnational possibilities for reducing disaster risk. However, the reality that social media effectively provide a bridge between "here" and "there" signals the importance of incorporating these considerations as a form of transnational disaster risk reduction.
Practical implications The project highlights from policy and practice standpoints, how transnational networks and social media can be used to improve disaster communications and translation. This focus is achieved through examining the usability, accessibility and affordability of digital communication technologies for forced migrants.
Originality/value Few studies focus on refugees and disaster risk reduction. This is particularly the case as it relates to the roles of transnational networks, which have increasing everyday interactions in countries that provide refugee resettlement programmes.
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the ethical dimensions of crisis translation through the lenses of Paul Ricoeur's philosophical scholarship. In particular, his work on both translation and ethics will be examined in order to draw practical applications for those involved in humanitarian action.Design/methodology/approachThe authors identified relevant themes in the work of renowned philosopher Paul Ricoeur and used philosophical analysis to apply them to ethical issues in crisis translation.FindingsPaul Ricoeur was one of the leading philosophers in the twentieth century, writing on a wide variety of topics. From these, his work on translation and on ethics provided suitable ways to examine ethical issues in crisis translation. In particular, his concept of "linguistic hospitality" provides an important lens through which translation ethics can be examined. In addition, Ricoeur's approach to ethics emphasised relational and justice dimensions which are crucial to examine in humanitarian settings.Practical implicationsWhile the findings are conceptual, they have many practical implications for how translation is approached in humanitarian crises. The focus on justice in Ricoeur's approach has implications for policy and practice and serves to ensure that translation is available for all affected communities and that all groups are included in discussions around humanitarian responses.Social implicationsRicoeur's work provides important insights into both translation and ethics that have significant social implications. His ideas highlight the personal and emotional aspects of translation and ethics, and point to their relational character. His openness to others provides an important basis for building trust and promoting dignity even in difficult humanitarian settings.Originality/valueRicoeur's ethics points to the importance of persons and their relationships, reminding responders that translation is not just a mechanical exercise. This approach fosters an interest in and openness to others and their languages, which can promote respect towards those being helped in humanitarian crises.
Abstract Intercultural crisis communication in an interconnected and globalized world emphasizes the need for translation to be put in place as foreign nationals with cultural and linguistic barriers might rely on it to prepare for a possible crisis or make informed decisions when already affected by a crisis. However, translation is an underdeveloped tool in crisis management, particularly in China. Considering it a special branch of public service translation, the author investigates crisis translation by using a case study of the disruptive outbreak of novel coronavirus disease in Wuhan. Based upon the author's first-hand experience as a crisis manager at the Office of Foreigner Affairs in the Municipal Government of Wuhan, this article describes how government translators with the help of external volunteer translators made language services available and accessible to affected foreign nationals in the response phase from 8 January 2020 to 7 April 2020. It analyses these translation-mediated activities from a crisis manager's perspective. Despite the preliminary nature of the findings, which still call for further validation, it is hoped that insights from this article will be of interest to those who are engaged with crisis translation services and to those who research crisis translation.
Crisis situations present highly complex challenges, which has led to the development of crisis response planning and crisis management. Numerous aspects need to be incorporated within these fields in order to save lives and reduce damage as much as possible. One particularly important and, at the same time, challenging aspect is respect for human rights, especially the right to access information in a foreign language. To this end, the topic of crisis translation has been gaining attention in recent times. Inspired by the work done by the INTERACT network, this paper examines the position of translation in crisis response planning in Croatia. In order to provide a comprehensive insight into the topic, this case study used three methods. First, official documents were analysed to see whether and how crisis translation is regulated in this country. Further, experts active in crisis response and crisis response planning were interviewed to explore crisis translation procedures in the field. Finally, a questionnaire among professional translators and interpreters was conducted to examine their experiences and opinions on the matter. The findings show that Croatian legislation does not include detailed implementation plans when it comes to translation in crisis situations and that the crisis translation in the field is done on an ad hoc basis. Further, a great majority of Croatian translators and interpreters would be willing to work in crisis situations although there are no training opportunities offered in this area, either as a part of the formal education system or as post-education training programs. The findings obtained by this paper may be used to encourage further research on the topic and improve the position of translation in crisis response planning in Croatia, as well as to inform the design of training courses for both professional translators and responders in the field
"This handbook offers a broad-ranging overview of the study of translating and interpreting in conflict and crisis settings and takes the field in new directions. Covering a wide selection of multimodal contexts that build on the fundamentals of translation, interpreting and their in-between hybrid forms of mediation, the handbook is divided into four sections. The opening section covers perspectives on policy and practices, whether contemporary or historical and cases truly span the globe, from Peru and Brazil, over Belgium and Sierra Leone, to Australia, Japan and Hong Kong. International developments require profound considerations about the professionalization of access to language in times of crises, not least in contexts of humanitarian negotiation or conflict zone interpreting - these form the second section. The subsequent section deals with spheres of community in which language needs are positioned within frames of agency, positionality and trust and the challenges that these face. The contributions build on cases where interpreters act as catalysts for translation needs in settings of humanitarian aid and beyond. The final section considers language strategies and solutions in crises. This handbook is the essential guide to Translation and Interpreting in conflict and crisis settings for advanced students and researchers of Translation and Interpreting studies and also will be of wide interest in Peace studies, Political science and beyond"--
"Intercultural Crisis Communication poses pertinent questions and provides powerful responses to crises that have characterised the modern world since 2010. Language mediation in situations of disaster, emergency and conflict is an under-developed area of scholarship in Translation Studies. This book responds to a clear need for research drawn from practical experiences in the field and explores the crucial role of translation, interpretation and mediation in contexts of crises. Particular consideration is given to situations where rare or minority languages represent a substantial obstacle to humanitarian operations. Contemporary case studies from the USA, Africa, Europe, and Armenia provide major examples of crisis communication that call for more efficient language mediation. Such examples include Syrian displacement, the refugee crisis in Croatia and Italy, international terrorism and national public administration, interpreting in conflict and for Médecins sans Frontières, as well as the integration of refugee doctors for employment in the UK. With contributions from experts in the field, this volume is of international relevance and provides a multifaceted overview of intercultural communication issues and remedies during crises"--Bloomsbury Collections
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This paper examines the relationship between translation and comprehension when communicating health-related information during a crisis. It tests comprehension levels among a population of rural and urban Kenyans of health-related crisis communication presented to them in an English source text and a Kiswahili target text. These data were gathered in Kenya in collaboration with a non-profit organisation, Translators without Borders, and the overarching aim of the project was to assess empirically the potential impact of translation on comprehension of health-crisis content. Findings indicate that English is not a suitable medium for the transfer of important health-related information among the cohort of participants in this study, despite English being an official language of Kenya. In contrast, Kiswahili, also an official language, seems to function well. As a result, a need for translation into Kiswahili in this context has been empirically shown. It was further found that written modes of communication are not necessarily the most appropriate modes for the dissemination of health-related crisis information among this cohort. This presents interesting challenges for governments, crisis response agencies, and translators alike, and these challenges are discussed.
This volume addresses the imperative need for recognizing, exploring, and developing the role of multilingual communication in crisis settings. It is recognized that 'communication is aid' and that access to communication is an undeniable human right in crises. Even where effective and accurate information is available to be distributed, circulated, and broadcast in different ways through an ever-growing array of technologies, too often the language barrier remains in place. From the Philippines to Lebanon via Spain, Italy, Columbia, and the UK, crisis situations occur worldwide, with different cultural reactions and needs everywhere. The contributors of this volume represent a geographical mixture of regions, language combinations, and disciplines, because crisis situations need to be studied in their locale with different methods. Drawing on disaster studies research, this book aims to stimulate a broad, multidisciplinary debate on how complex communication is in cascading crises and on the role translation can play to facilitate communication. Translation in Cascading Crises is a key resource for students and researchers of Translation and Interpreting Studies, Humanitarian Studies, and Disaster Studies.
This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the role that interpreters and translators of the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees (Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge [Bamf]) played during the 2015–2016 migration crisis in Germany along with the improvements made by the German Ministry of the Interior. To this end, we first investigated all the occasions when a refugee needs interpreting and translation services. We then present the requirements to be a Bamf interpreter/translator as well as their working conditions. In addition, we offer research into all the working tools that the German Government has made available to these interpreters/translators, so they can get a comprehensive training in the profession of community interpreter, one of the most demanding branches of interpreting and translation services. Finally, we have summarized the challenges that, in our opinion, Germany faces for the future in order to achieve a better quality in their interpretation and translation services. ; Sin financiación ; No data JCR 2020 ; 0.408 SJR (2020) Q1, 182/911 Language and Linguistics ; No data IDR 2019 ; UEM
The paper explores challenges which face both refugees and interpreters within the framework of refugee crisis in Europe and provides descriptions of refugee crisis, some recommendations to mitigate the impact of migration crisis and eradicate the language barriers which emerge in the communication process between the hosting country and arriving refugees. The methodology integrated desk research and field research and aggregated data from academic findings, national government bodies representatives, courses curriculum, trainings based on UHNCR recommendations for interpreters and translators in a refugee context.
Abstract: Background: Mental health professionals encounter numerous difficulties when working with suicidal clients. To understand these difficulties in clinical practice better, a valid instrument measuring them is needed. Aims: This study aimed to translate the Difficulties in Suicidal Behaviors Intervention Questionnaire (DSBQ) to Slovene, validate it, and explore Slovenian professionals' experiences with it. Method: The participants were 106 professionals (19 men, 87 women), aged 26–66 years. Apart from the DSBQ, scales on attitudes toward suicide prevention and coping strategies in difficult clinical situations were used. The data were collected between October 2017 and January 2019. Results: Although slightly diverging from the originally reported component structure, the Slovene translation of the DSBQ measures difficulties in working with suicidal clients with acceptable/good reliability and sensitivity, and adequate construct validity. Slovenian professionals most commonly experience difficulties related to working with children, followed by technical, system and setting, and other types of difficulties. Limitations : The sample of participants was relatively heterogeneous. Conclusion: Further studies of the DSBQ structure and validity, as well as difficulties, especially those related to working with children/adolescents and facing the theme of death, are warranted. Considering the difficulties most frequently reported in this investigation, more efforts are also needed in Slovenia to address technical and logistic aspects.
