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Corpus linguistics has much to offer history, being as both disciplines engage so heavily in analysis of large amounts of textual material. This book demonstrates the opportunities for exploring corpus linguistics as a method in historiography and the humanities and social sciences more generally. Focusing on the topic of prostitution in 17th-century England, it shows how corpus methods can assist in social research, and can be used to deepen our understanding and comprehension. McEnery and Baker draw principally on two sources – the newsbook Mercurius Fumigosis and the Early English Books Online Corpus. This scholarship on prostitution and the sex trade offers insight into the social position of women in history

Trademark law recognizes that the same word can mean different things in different commercial contexts. Legal protection might extend to two or more owners who use the same symbol (like Delta) to indicate different sources of disparate goods or services, such as airlines and faucets. Generally, only those uses that threaten to confuse consumers—the use of similar symbols on identical or related goods—are subject to legal sanction. But the law extends special protection to famous trademarks, not only against confusing use, but also against dilution: non-confusing use that blurs or tarnishes the distinctiveness of the famous mark. The result of protection against blurring is that the law treats the famous mark as if the sole proper use of the term in the commercial context is to designate goods and services from the famous mark's owner. Protection against dilution extends only to famous marks, but courts and scholars apply differing standards for assessing fame. Nonetheless, the trend over time has been to treat fame as a threshold requiring both sufficient renown—the famous mark must be a household name—and relatively singular use. This article argues that corpus linguistic analysis can provide evidence of whether a mark is sufficiently prominent and singular to qualify for anti-dilution protection. Corpus linguistics detects language patterns and meaning from analyzing actual language use. This article draws data primarily from two large, publicly accessible databases (corpora) to investigate whether litigated trademarks are both prominent and unique. Courts and parties can consider frequency evidence to establish or refute prominence, and contextual evidence like concordance and collocation to establish relative singularity. Corpus evidence has some advantages over standard methods of assessing fame. Corpus evidence is cheaper to generate than survey evidence but may be equally probative. Corpus analysis can help right-size dilution litigation: A litigant could estimate the prominence and singularity of an allegedly famous mark using corpus evidence prior to discovery and better predict whether the mark should qualify for anti-dilution protection. Judges should be able to rely on the results of corpus analysis with reasonable confidence. Additionally, corpus evidence can show use of a mark over time, providing courts with tools to assess when a mark first became famous, a question that a survey generated for litigation cannot readily answer.

Chapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2: What do we know? A background to Language, Gender, Videogames, and Corpora -- Chapter 3: The Problems With Videogame Data: Methodological Considerations in the Creation of a Corpus of Videogames and Problems with Different Methods of Corpus Compilation -- Chapter 4: Looking at Representations of Gender Across Videogames: A Corpus of General Fantasy Games -- Chapter 5: Looking at Gender in a Specific Series of Videogames: A Corpus of The Witcher Series -- Chapter 6: Looking at Diachronic Differences in the Representation of Gender: the (Re) Duplication of Gendered Discourses in World of Warcraft Quests -- Chapter 7: Conclusions and Lines for Future Research. .

Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Abbreviations -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- 1 Introduction -- 1 Structure of the Book -- References -- 2 Compiling the Corpus -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Corpus Design -- 3 Text Capture -- 3.1 Records of the Cape Colony -- 3.2 The Letters by Ex-servicemen, Seamen and Factory Workers in Liverpool -- 3.3 PIN26 Files Medical Reports and Medical Documents for Imbecility, Feeblemindedness and Mental Deficiency -- 3.4 Letters to the Ministry of Pensions -- 3.5 DSM Manuals -- 3.6 The Indian Soldiers' Letters -- 4 Annotation -- 5 Analysis of the Data -- 5.1 AntConc -- 5.2 Sketch Engine -- 5.3 LIWC -- 5.4 WMatrix -- 5.5 LancsBox -- 6 Corpus Methods Used -- 6.1 Frequency -- 6.2 Keyword Analysis -- 6.3 Collocation -- 6.4 N-grams -- 6.5 Concordances -- References -- 3 The Letter: Metacommunicative Features in Colonial Correspondence -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Metacommunicative Features in Letters -- 3 Data -- 3.1 Framework of Analysis -- 4 Metacommunicative Features in the Correspondence -- 4.1 Letter as a Piece of Evidence -- 4.2 Letter as Information -- 4.3 Acting Through the Letter -- 4.4 Metatextual Key Words -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Post-war Letters to the Lord Mayor of Liverpool: Epistolary Constructions of Identity -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background -- 3 Method -- 3.1 Data -- 3.2 Framework for Analysis -- 4 Analysis -- 4.1 Social Practice -- 4.2 Discursive Practice -- 4.3 Textual Analysis -- 4.3.1 Deference and Identity -- 4.3.2 Power Differentials in the Letters -- 5 Discussion -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- 5 Historical Learning Disabilities: Linguistic Abilities of Ex-Servicemen with 'Imbecility', 'Feeblemindedness' and 'Mental Deficiency' in the Ministry of Pension Files -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Theoretical Perspectives -- 2.1 Definitions of Imbecility, Feeblemindedness and Mental Deficiency.

In questo volume è presentata una proposta di applicazione del corpus-based approach agli studi sull'interpretazione, con particolare riferimento alla modalità simultanea. A tal fine, sono discusse le principali questioni teorico-pratiche e metodologiche implicate nella creazione di corpora elettronici per lo studio e la didattica dell'interpretazione. Inoltre, sono illustrati due progetti di ricerca appartenenti ai Corpus-based Interpreting Studies (CIS) che hanno portato alla realizzazione di due corpora elettronici di interpretazione: EPIC (European Parliament Interpreting Corpus) e DIRSI-C (Directionality in Simultaneous Interpreting Corpus). Tali risorse linguistiche, la prima trilingue (italiano, inglese e spagnolo), la seconda bilingue (italiano e inglese), con i rispettivi archivi multimediali su cui si basano, offrono molteplici possibilità di indagine e attività didattiche, a conferma del grande potenziale di questo innovativo paradigma di ricerca, frutto dell'incontro interdisciplinare tra la linguistica dei corpora e gli studi sull'interpretazione.

"From Twitter to Reddit, Facebook, and WhatsApp - social media is a part of modern everyday life. Studying the language used on social media platforms presents great opportunities as well as challenges to corpus linguists. The contributions in Corpus Approaches to Social Media address technical, ethical, and methodological issues by showcasing in-depth social media studies as conducted by corpus scholars. The chapters are based on a variety of social media platforms and include corpus perspectives on the language of online communities, linguistic variation in short media texts, and the role of images in computer-mediated communication. A particularly strong point of the collection are the detailed accounts of the methodological aspects of working with social media corpora. The volume features research applying traditional corpus linguistic methods to social media data as well as novel and innovative research methods for the analysis of multimodal material and atypical corpus texts"--

Der vorliegende Band liefert eine eingehende Untersuchung umbrischer und hethitischer Rituale und ritualbezogener Texte und hebt sich besonders durch die interdisziplinäre Perspektive und innovative Methodik von bisherigen Arbeiten in diesem Themenfeld ab. Durch die Untersuchung der jeweiligen funktionalen und kommunikativen Kontexte demonstriert Theresa Roth, wie aktuelle Fragestellungen der linguistischen Pragmatik und besonders der Fachsprachenforschung erfolgreich auf historische Sprachstufen angewandt werden können. Damit leistet sie einen maßgeblichen Beitrag zu der Frage, wie ritualbezogene Textsorten durch textstrukturelle und kommunikative Parameter geprägt und differenziert werden. This monograph contributes substantially to the identification and description of the communicative and textual parameters which characterize ritual language as a language for special purposes. The interdisciplinary approach used by the author is methodologically innovative within the field of historical linguistics. By examining the functional and communicative contexts of ritual and religious texts from Hittite and Umbrian, Theresa Roth demonstrates how current questions of pragmatics and research on languages for special purposes can be successfully transferred to ancient languages