Suchergebnisse

This dissertation explores the efforts of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) to produce a common set of accounting standards accepted for worldwide market regulation. In doing so, it examines how a process of accounting (institutional) change - referred to as a convergence process - has evolved within the transnational accounting standard-setting space. This research investigates the role that institutions and politics play in the FASB-IASB convergence process, more broadly, as well as their role in the processes by which standard setters go about collective policy-making on one highly contested standard. With the accounting policy-making literature serving as a foundation tying together the works within this dissertation, I mobilize institutional and political perspectives to systematically explore the convergence of accounting standards through three empirical papers. Each of these studies focuses on standard-setting activities occurring between 2002 and 2011 and utilizes case study methods drawing on multiple data sources including archival documents, indirect observation and interviews with key informants. The first paper focuses on understanding the phenomenon of accounting convergence and its relationship to broader political and institutional trends through a variety of diffusionist mechanisms from neo-institutional theory. This dissertation then turns to the standard-setters themselves as focal actors and links these actors to the meaning systems they employ in the shaping of accounting convergence. The second paper focuses on competing meaning systems that standard setters adhere to and the factors that affect collective policy decisions. More specifically, it is interested in the negotiated order (Strauss et al. 1963) which takes shape on the basis of these factors. Finally, the third paper studies the process by which accounting standard setters persuade their public audience (and themselves) of the merits of their policy decisions by mobilizing orders of worth (Boltanski & Thévenot, ([1991], 2006) in their discourse. The primary contribution of this dissertation is to shed light, at multiple levels of analysis, on how transnational convergence activities, in particular those aimed at producing a common set of accounting standards, evolve in consideration of actors, institutions, and context. ; Cette thèse étudie les efforts mis en œuvre par le Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) et l'International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) afin de produire de manière conjointe un ensemble de normes comptables pour réguler les marchés dans le monde entier. Pour ce faire, elle examine comment un processus de changement comptable (institutionnel) – décrit comme un processus de convergence - a évolué au sein de l'espace transnational de normalisation comptable. Cette recherche étudie le rôle que les institutions et les politiques jouent dans le processus de convergence des FASB-IASB, ainsi que leur rôle dans les processus par lesquels les normalisateurs prennent une décision collective sur un standard très controversé. A partir de la littérature sur la normalisation comptable considérée comme le socle de base de cette thèse, je me sers d'un cadre théorique à la fois institutionnel et politique pour explorer systématiquement la convergence des normes comptables. J'effectue trois études empiriques. Chacune de ces études couvre les activités de normalisation ayant eu lieu entre 2002 et 2011 et utilise des études de cas s'appuyant sur plusieurs sources de données comprenant des documents d'archives, des observations indirectes et des entretiens avec des participants clés. Le premier article met l'accent sur la compréhension du phénomène de convergence des normes comptables en relation avec des tendances politiques et institutionnelles plus larges au moyen de divers mécanismes de diffusion de la théorie néo-institutionnelle. Ensuite, cette thèse souligne le rôle central des normalisateurs qui mobilisent des systèmes de sens pour faire converger les normes comptables. Le deuxième article se concentre sur les systèmes de sens concurrents auxquels se réfèrent les normalisateurs comptables, ainsi que les facteurs qui influencent leurs décisions collectives. Plus spécifiquement, il s'intéresse à l'ordre négocié (Strauss et al., 1963) qui prend forme sur la base de ces systèmes. Enfin, le troisième article étudie le processus par lequel les normalisateurs comptables convainquent les parties prenantes (et eux-mêmes) de la légitimité de leurs décisions par le biais des « économies de la grandeur » (Boltanski et Thévenot, 1991) et des mécanismes rhétoriques. Cette thèse contribue à développer par une étude multi-niveaux, nos connaissances sur les activités de convergence transnationale, en particulier celles qui visent à produire un ensemble commun de normes comptables, et comment ces normes évoluent en tenant compte du contexte, des acteurs et des institutions.

This dissertation explores the efforts of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) to produce a common set of accounting standards accepted for worldwide market regulation. In doing so, it examines how a process of accounting (institutional) change - referred to as a convergence process - has evolved within the transnational accounting standard-setting space. This research investigates the role that institutions and politics play in the FASB-IASB convergence process, more broadly, as well as their role in the processes by which standard setters go about collective policy-making on one highly contested standard. With the accounting policy-making literature serving as a foundation tying together the works within this dissertation, I mobilize institutional and political perspectives to systematically explore the convergence of accounting standards through three empirical papers. Each of these studies focuses on standard-setting activities occurring between 2002 and 2011 and utilizes case study methods drawing on multiple data sources including archival documents, indirect observation and interviews with key informants. The first paper focuses on understanding the phenomenon of accounting convergence and its relationship to broader political and institutional trends through a variety of diffusionist mechanisms from neo-institutional theory. This dissertation then turns to the standard-setters themselves as focal actors and links these actors to the meaning systems they employ in the shaping of accounting convergence. The second paper focuses on competing meaning systems that standard setters adhere to and the factors that affect collective policy decisions. More specifically, it is interested in the negotiated order (Strauss et al. 1963) which takes shape on the basis of these factors. Finally, the third paper studies the process by which accounting standard setters persuade their public audience (and themselves) of the merits of their policy decisions ...

Mit der sogenannten IAS-Verordnung des Europäischen Parlaments und des Rates entfalten die IFRS für Unternehmen der EU erstmals rechtliche Wirkung. Dadurch gelangen sie in hohem Maße ins Blickfeld von Unternehmen, Jahresabschlusslesern und Analysten, da nun eine besondere Dringlichkeit besteht, die Unterschiede zum HGB sowie die Auswirkungen einer Umstellung abschätzen und bewerten zu können. Gleichzeitig spielen in diesem Zusammenhang die US-GAAP eine maßgebliche Rolle, da sie einerseits zunehmend als Referenz für die IFRS dienen und andererseits für den Abschluss der an der NYSE notierten Unternehmen verpflichtend sind. Angesichts dieser aktuellen Problemstellung greift die Autorin den Bereich der Pensionsverpflichtungen als das "mit Abstand komplexeste und überraschungsträchtigste Thema" (Jacobi) in Hinblick auf den Übergang auf internationale Rechnungslegungsstandards heraus. Nach einer Vorstellung der spezifischen Regelungen für Pensionsverpflichtungen gemäß der einzelnen Rechnungslegungssysteme analysiert die Autorin die wesentlichen Unterschiede in der Behandlung von Pensionsverpflichtungen und erläutert deren Auswirkungen auf eine Umstellung von HGB auf IFRS und US-GAAP. Die Analyse zeigt wissenschaftlich fundiert, aber praxisnah, sämtliche bedeutende Aspekte auf, die in Betracht gezogen werden müssen, um eine Umstellung in Bezug auf Pensionsverpflichtungen richtig zu interpretieren

This case examines convergence of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and U.S. GAAP from the perspective of a single company over a 13year period. Nokia, whose American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) have been traded on the NYSE since 1994, offers you an opportunity to examine the accounting differences under the two sets of accounting standards and their convergence over time.

"A practical comparison of -- and expert guidance on -- IFRS and GAAP written by a practicing controller. International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) are used in over 120 countries. US companies will inevitably encounter IFRS when evaluating the financial health of suppliers and customers. IFRS and US GAAP: A Comprehensive Comparison provides instruction in accounting under IFRS within the context of US accounting standards. Practical and easy-to-use, this book includes a case study of a first time IFRS adoption, emphasizing the much greater degree of professional judgment that is needed for IFRS. Provides a heavy emphasis on practical examples -- Includes an online companion website with downloadable spreadsheets and templates -- Reflects current financial reporting trends -- Addresses accounting requirements of which today's auditors, accountants and preparers of financial reports need to be aware. Clarifying IFRS, its impact on US companies, and where to start in understanding it, IFRS and US GAAP prepares US accountants to be knowledgeable with day to day financial accounting issues using IFRS's substantial similarity with US GAAP as a context."--Provided by publisher.