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If historians, as some non-historians imagine, were occupied only with the detail of national past politics, they would have nothing to say to each other at an international conference. Yet leading historians have labored to create a permanent organization, the International Congress of Historical Sciences, which now holds regular quinquennial meetings with increasingly worldwide representation. At least twenty countries besides all European countries and the Soviet Union were represented at its eleventh meeting, held at Stockholm in August 1960.

For anyone on the green side of fifty who didn't start historical browsing in the playpen it may be quite hard to see the present appeal of statistical theory and method in perspective. To one lucky enough to have been a student abroad in the 1920's, it is merely one of the consequences of a fundamental shift, which was firming in that decade, in conceptions of the economic historian's job. Essentially the shift consisted in making the economy and the social institutions in which it is embedded analytically distinct. Voices from the Polanyite school still claim that this step was as wrong as Adam's eating of the apple. Milder critics complain only that some of us let economic analysis run away with the ball to the neglect of social analysis and of the interplay between the two. For workers on the recent past this is defensible, because the heavy fall-out of purely economic data clamors to be dealt with in its own terms. The preindustrialist, who has to dig harder for data, and seldom turns up such pure economic ore, is more inclined to think in terms of interplay.

The newly awakened interest in the comparative study of politics is part and parcel of a silent revolution that has taken place in the social sciences during the last decades. Such a re-orientation in turn is in part due to the radical social and political transformations in this era of total wars and revolutions. Because as Aristotle knew all too well, and peaceful periods in history all too often tried to forget, the social sciences are disciplines of "ethics", spelling out man's deep involvements and demanding decisions at critical turning points of history.

A Fileless Ransomware is a new type of ransomware primarily follows the mechanism of both ransomware and fileless malware. Detecting and Defending these kinds of attacks becoming a great obstacle for IT firms. Cybercriminals found a new way of extorting ransom with vicious methods mainly from big organizations, government, Telecom Industry and many more. Traditional AV Engines are not able to defend Fileless Malware. This paper describes the mechanism of both ransomware and fileless malware, the working of fileless ransomware, what are the possible attack vectors of fileless ransomware, variations of fileless ransomware and their instances, Prevention methods and recommendation to defend against Fileless ransomware. Krishna B L "Comparative Study of Fileless Ransomware" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30600.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/30600/comparative-study-of-fileless-ransomware/krishna-b-l

Constitutional courts: forms, functions and practice in comparative perspective Andrew Harding, Peter Leyland and Tania Groppi -- Austria: the constitutional court of Austria: modern profiles of an archetype of constitutional review Anna Gamber and Francesco Palermo -- Central and Eastern Europe: constitutional courts of Central and Eastern Europe: between adolescence and maturity Kasia Lach and Wojchiech Sadurski -- France: The French Conseil constitutionnel: an evolving form of constitutional justice Marie Claire Ponthoreau and Fabrice Hourquebie -- Germany: Das Bundsverfassungsgericht: procedure, practice and policy of the German federal constitutional court Donald P Kommers and Russel A Miller -- Italy: the Italian constitutional court: towards a 'multilevel system' of constitutional review Tania Groppi -- Russia: the constitutional court of the Russian Federation: the establishment and evolution of constitutional supervision in Russia Jane Henderson -- Spain: the Spanish constitutional court: time for reforms Victor Ferreres Comella -- Turkey: the constitutional court of Turkey: the Anayasa Mahkemesi as the protector of the system Esin Örücü -- Egypt: Egypt's supreme constitutional court: managing constitutional conflict in an authoritarian aspirationally 'Islamic' state Clark B Lombardi -- Francophone Africa: models of constitutional jurisdiction in francophone West Africa Babacar Kanté -- South Africa: South Africa's constitutional court: enabling democracy and promoting law in the transition from Apartheid Heinz Klug -- East Asia: constitutional courts in East Asia: understanding variation Tom Ginsburg -- Indonesia and Thailand: the constitutional courts of Thailand and Indonesia: two case studies from South East Asia Andrew Harding and Peter Leyland -- Constitutional courts in Latin America: a testing ground for new parameters of classification? Justin O Frosini and Lucio Pegoraro

Since the turn of the millennium, worker's motivation and positive workforce environment are the contributing factors to the development of a global economy. From the perspective of the labor force, employee's job satisfaction, personal well-being and life satisfaction can change the labor market. Studies report that there were significant social and economic changes occurring in European countries, including Hungary. These social and economic changes significantly shaped individual and group value choice and other aspects of a quality life. This study presents a comparative analysis of job satisfaction and work-related attitudes between Hungary and other international nations. While the study was in progress, the COVID-19 epidemic reached Hungary. As a result of COVID-19, new forms of employment developed. The most significant change was the working from home phenomenon. This new system of working significantly transformed the domestic and EU employment opportunities. Also, employee's satisfaction was affected by their working conditions. The study's data analysis aims to identify the underlying emerging trends which will be explored in a future study. According to the results of this research study, the author found that there is a relationship between job satisfaction and a worker's attitude among Hungarian employees. The study results confirm the legitimacy of new theories on human capital.