Suchergebnisse

The age of unbridled free trade is rightfully over. Solidarity should be the new leitmotif of trade policy.

In 2019, government representatives from more than 150 countries convened in Geneva for 18th Conference of the Parties for CITES. But trade in wild animals is not reversing the decline in wild animal numbers. The world needs to wake up to the fact that we cannot trade our way out of the extinction crisis. If we are to prevent further declines and secure a future for wild animals, we cannot go on treating them as mere tradable commodities.

This article analyzes roll call voting on China's most favored nation (MFN) and permanent normal trade relations (PNTR) status to ascertain interchamber difference and party polarization in China trade policy. In the House, party has the largest impact, with Republicans much more supportive of MFN than Democrats. Ideology has the second largest impact, with conservatives and liberals voting against moderates. In the Senate, party is the sole significant determinant of MFN voting. In House voting on PNTR, ideology has the biggest and party the second biggest impact. The lopsided nature of the Senate PNTR vote indicates that ideology, party, and constituency interests had little or no impact. In both MFN and PNTR voting in the House, constituency economic interests have only marginal effects, and only constituency interests adversely affected by trade with China have significant impact on the PNTR vote. The author concludes by situating the findings in the broad debate about interchamber difference and increasing polarization in Congress.

In developing a model of call centre diversity, spanning the dimensions of quantity and quality, the article develops a critique of aspects of Frenkel et al.'s recent study of 'front line'work. Drawing upon employee survey and interview data from six UK financial sector call centres, patterns of resistance and the contrasting responses of trade unions to the experience of intensive working conditions are examined. It is argued, in conclusion, that the newly established managerial 'frontiers of control'require to be combated by new union bargaining agendas which seek to address employees'concerns at the point of production.

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Free trade agreements (FTA) involve trade liberalization between the United States and selected countries or regions and are also expected to provide economic and other benefits. GAO was asked to review how potential FTA partners are selected, in view of the increased number of FTAs and their growing importance to U.S. policy. Specifically, GAO (1) provided information about the factors influencing the selection of FTA partners, (2) analyzed the interagency process for selecting FTA partners, and (3) assessed how the executive branch makes decisions about the availability and allocation of resources to FTAs."

This article offers a systematic comparison of strategic responses of Austrian and German unions to an emergent sector. It aims to increase understanding of both union movements, and also to contribute conceptually to the study of the varieties of unionism. The concept of `core strategies' facilitates more systematic comparisons of unions' strategic responses to apparently similar challenges and helps explain why — despite many similarities in their industrial relations systems and the uniform development of the call centre sector in both countries — the strategic responses of Austrian and German unions differ remarkably in terms of content, priority and timing.