Suchergebnisse

Il volume raccoglie i risultati del progetto di ricerca "Governance Analysis Project (GAP) per la Smart Energy City. L'attuazione delle Smart City nelle aree metropolitane in Europa e in Italia" svolto nell'ambito del PON "Smart Energy Master per il governo energetico del territorio" presso l'Università Federico II di Napoli (TeMa Lab del Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Edile e Ambientale). Il tema delle Smart Cities ha assunto negli ultimi anni una crescente rilevanza nel dibattito scientifico e nella prassi operativa nazionale ed internazionale configurandosi come una delle opportunità per ripensare le città e più in generale la vita delle comunità urbane. Le prime riflessioni, ricerche e progetti sul tema sembrano convergere verso l'idea che uno sviluppo urbano "intelligente" sia frutto non soltanto delle pur necessarie e imprescindibili dotazioni infrastrutturali (capitale fisico) e di una loro continua innovazione, ma anche della qualità del capitale umano, sociale e dell' ambiente naturale, intesi come fattori strategici per lo sviluppo. Una città «smart» è, prima di tutto, una città capace di soddisfare efficacemente i bisogni dei suoi cittadini nel rispetto delle regole imposte dal contesto ambientale. È in tale dibattito che si inquadra il progetto GAP la cui finalità è quella di affrontare il tema della Smart City alla luce della riorganizzazione amministrativa delle grandi città del nostro Paese promossa dalla L. 56/2014. Con un approccio di tipo scientifico, il volume restituisce un quadro completo ed aggiornato di come le città metropolitane italiane ed europee stanno declinando il tema della smart city e ciò grazie alla costruzione di un ampissimo screening rappresentato da oltre 1.000 iniziative tra ricerche, progetti, interventi, tecnologie, ecc . Inoltre un elemento di originalità della ricerca è rappresentato dal fatto che ad un' analisi compiuta attraverso fonti indirette, è seguita una fase di confronto con gli "attori" (e di ciò si fornisce un'ampia illustrazione nel volume nel quale vengono, tra l' altro, riportati ampi stralci delle interviste effettuate). Ciò ha consentito di restituire un quadro più aderente al vero di quanto oggi si sta sperimentando nelle città italiane ed europee, al di là di facili entusiasmi per interventi e progetti etichettati come "smart", ma per i quali non sempre possono essere individuati contenuti e metodi innovativi. Il volume è articolato in 16 capitoli di cui: due capitoli presentano il confronto tra le 12 città metropolitane italiane, istituite dalla L.56/2014, con riferimento alle sperimentazioni in atto (cap. 1) e agli indicatori di smartness (cap. 14); un capitolo (cap.15) illustra come 5 città europee (Amsterdam, Barcellona, Berlino, Bristol e Bruxelles) stanno interpretando il modello Smart City; un capitolo (cap. 16) illustra le sperimentazioni in atto in 3 città metropolitane italiane (Milano, Venezia, Bologna) raccontate direttamente da coloro che stanno portando avanti gli interventi (tecnici di enti locali o associazioni); i restanti capitoli sono dedicati ognuno ad una delle 12 città metropolitane analizzate (Milano, Torino, Genova, Venezia, Bologna, Firenze, Roma, Napoli, Bari, Reggio Calabria, Palermo e Catania).

This work contains a selection of papers from the International Conference on Urban Studies (ICUS 2017) and is a bi-annual periodical publication containing articles on urban cultural studies based on the international conference organized by the Faculty of Humanities at the Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia. This publication contains studies on issues that become phenomena in urban life, including linguistics, literary, identity, gender, architecture, media, locality, globalization, the dynamics of urban society and culture, and urban history.

Finding Room in Beirut: Places of the Everyday demonstrates why it is worth our while to explore the value and contemporary meaning of urban areas about to undergo complete renewal. Branching off from discourses surrounding the terrain vague, the book argues that large populated urban areas meet the criteria of the vague and constitute a particular perspective from which to build a critical stance in regards to the contemporary city. But unlike a terrain vague, a vague urbain — inhabited areas where property ownership is usually obscure and informal behaviours a daily affair — possesses real communities and offers an alternative understanding on how a city can be practiced and how lessons should be learned before its complete transformation. Stemming from a photographic and architectural documentation of Bachoura, a central area of Beirut, Lebanon, the book shows how the vague urbain allows for different ways of inhabiting, ways that are as — or perhaps even more — real and anchored in the imagination of the city as those proposed by standardising developments. Building on the intricacies of found situations, improvised uses and local narratives, it is an exploration as to how the meeting of a marvellous realism with l'intrigue, the vague urbain, and temporary architecture can provide opportunities for the emergence of hidden narratives.

Small cities face intricate challenges. No Straight Lines provides the basis for a refined model of community-engaged leadership and research designed to realize equality of quality of life. With particular attention to the small city of Kamloops, BC, this book explores the impact of extended, short-term, and unique leadership collaborations and local responses to homelessness, sustainability and food security, aging populations, and the recovery of local history. It offers exciting insights into the role of the university in the small city, from generating local learning opportunities to the integration of undergraduates and faculty in achieving positive change. Based on active engagement, No Straight Lines reveals the obstacles present in addressing local needs, and the transformations that can be achieved through effective collaboration. It offers rich accounts and valuable insights into flexible practices that respond to the needs of community organizations while recognizing the challenges associated with resource constraints and limitations in capacity. This unique collection provides new insights into the barriers and benefits of leadership and learning in the small city. With Contributions By: Ginny Rastoy, Lisa Cooke, Robin Reid, Kendra Besanger, Dawn Farough, Tina Block, and Terry Kading.

This research focuses on an analysis of the perception of urban noise in the daily lives of the residents of two different areas: (1) a residential neighborhood and (2) a city center, respectively, considering (1) an acoustically ideal urban environment and (2) an acoustically polluted urban environment. To this end, a random sample of individuals from both areas was asked to fill out a questionnaire. Sound pressure levels were also measured in each of the evaluated areas. The World Health Organization (WHO) considers a quiet area as one in which the measured sound pressure level is up to 55 dB(A). The average measured sound pressure levels were 53.5 and 72.9 dB(A), respectively, in the quiet area and in the area considered acoustically polluted. Data were subjected to a multivariate factor analysis. The main complaints reported by the interviewees were as follows: headache, irritability, poor concentration and insomnia. Interviewees in the city center stated that street traffic noise was the main source of annoyance, while the residents of the residential area stated that the main source of discomfort was air traffic noise.

The implementation of spatial plans is the weakest link of planning; it is insufficiently theoretically explored, methodologically unpositioned and in practice only partially carried out. The main direction in considering improvements in the implementation of plans is that it must be viewed and focused by means of spatial plans in order to as much as possible reduce the impact of all those factors outside the planning system. The study points to the need for and offers the definition of a model of implementation for spatial plans rooted in the theory of planning. The elements and contents of the proposed model of implementation suggest a logical, functional and temporal coherence of all planning decisions covered by the plan. The process of implementing the plan depends directly on the type and method of planning. Four basic models of implementation are defined. The results of research on the application of the implementation model in spatial planning practice in the Republic of Serbia are presented. These are obtained on the basis of multicriteria comparative analysis carried out on a case study of 11 spatial plans. The chapter suggests possible directions for further study, primarily in terms of applying the model of implementation in practice.

Sometimes, the maelstrom of a crisis can be captured in a single image. The image of the mundane, barely noticeable movement of an urban dweller as they go about their everyday life. Athens and the War on Public Space commences from images just like this one, collected over a two-year period of research (2012–2014) in Athens during a time of severe financial and political crisis. For the author-curators of this volume, public space became a light-sensitive surface upon which they could begin to map the material imprints of the most structural and violent characteristics of the crisis, and their research spread in different directions, tracking the role of infrastructure and the shifts the financial crisis brought about upon built environments, the violent manifestations of the official anti-migrant policy, the rise of racism, the imposition of the emergency upon public space, and the phenomenology of mass transit.

Creative economy is a broad concept which became popular among scholars and policy makers around the world since the 1990s as a response to contemporary economic and social trajectories. Post-industrial circumstances which have befallen traditional industrial urban regions supported the rise of the creative economy. This dissertation pays attention to the spatial configuration and distribution of creative economy, its socio-economic significance and urban manifestations, as well as the interrelation between creative economy and urban environment. Historical and socio-economic changes in former Yugoslavia in the last decades imply that the development path of creative activities in the Serbian urban environment differs from the rest of Europe. This research should contribute to the discussion about the influence of creativity, of cultural and creative industries, as well as creative economy on urban developments and urban geographies. The research focuses on the development of creative economy in Belgrade because of its socio-geographic and cultural centrality within the region of South-Eastern Europe. In addition, a delayed post-socialist transition with social, political, and economic manifestations has led to a unique urban development in Belgrade.

With the world population becoming predominantly urban at the beginning of the twenty-first century, various interests and needs of society demand the planning and execution of public policies that go beyond the established political-administrative limits, imposing the need for institutional channels that can make the proper reading from the physical-territorial reality. The metropolitan planning institutes are essential agents in this process for an adequate analysis of the territory, which will establish the parameters for the discussions and deliberations of the society involved. In Brazil, many institutions still need to be consolidated, and the absence of metropolitan planning institutes in various parts of the country contributes to the absence of proposals and referral of projects to meet the diverse needs of the population on the scale of metropolitan regions. In this sense, the study intends to identify several aspects in which the metropolitan planning becomes essential for the adequate ordering of the territory.

The Gauteng city region forms the economic hub of socio-economic development and growth in South Africa. The province itself includes the Johannesburg metropolitan city, Ekurhuleni metropolitan city as well as Tshwane municipality—key urban growth regions of Gauteng province, South Africa, and by extension Southern Africa. The region exhibits the rapid urbanisation challenges typical in any developing country city. Rural–urban migration, pressure on infrastructure demand, supply and capacity constraints and mismatches in urban governance structures with respect to service delivery have remained stubborn challenges. Initiatives and strategies to resolve urban traffic congestion such as through road construction and highway expansion (physical instrument), e-tolling of roads (financial instrument), innovative housing and waste management technology deployment (technology instruments) as well as presenting advanced spatial planning and development and management systems (planning and regulatory instruments) have been employed with mixed fortunes in attempts to (re)solve the urban problems in the study area. Making use of a thematic approach and technique, the major urbanisation issues are explored and solutions proffered. Recommendations revolve around the need to implement robust and progressive rafts of projects, programmes, activities, measures and actions to reverse spatial fragmentation and spatially inefficient transport induced and perpetuated disadvantages.

With the capitalist transformation from Fordist-Keynesianism to neoliberalism, mega-events such as Olympic Games and World Exposition have increasingly been incorporated into urban development plan to boost urban renewal. Seeking the role of mega-event in urban transformation and its related effects have practical significance as mega-event movements have become a worldwide phenomenon. Although the profile of world fairs is reduced and does not have the international impacts that they used to have, Shanghai Expo 2010, the first Expo ever held in a developing country is pinned hope on as the "Turn to Save the World Expo" and is unusually ambitious to bring opportunities in urban transformation. While much attention has been paid to how mega-events can be used in tourism development in previous literature, this research links mega-event to urban development. Specifically, it reviews planning history before Expo 2010, addresses how a mega-event is integrated into city's overall transformation strategy and what possible challenges a mega-event strategy may encounter related to the ultimate goal of urban transformation. It finds that political added value of mega-events empowers Shanghai to advance its urban agenda and the role of urban planner is vital to deliver a sustainable mega-event.

Bogotá is a growing city with a lot of difficulties shared by most of the Latin American cities nowadays, like the social and economic segregation, that tempt to produce areas of accentuated poverty, inequity, and insecurity, while other areas of the city have services and a better environment; problems related with the distances and the traffic that makes these cities difficult to move around; and among other problems. It seems like the city planning focused on the transport system as a key step to push urban development has been marking the course of the public policies around the city planning in Bogotá, in the last nearly 70 years. The Bogotá Metro is a massive transportation project that has been the subject of debates and studies since 1950 when the major Fernando Mazuera decided to eliminate the tram by burying its rails. The purpose of this text is to reflect around urban development in Bogotá and how this thought about transport infrastructure, as the key step of the urban development, has been marking the city planning policy in Bogotá the last two government periods. For this purpose, the institutional discourses and practices are going to be analyzed. The main argument of this reflection is that in the current period of the government, the idea of development through the transport infrastructure and the plans, through which this idea is carried out, accentuate the social, economic, and spatial segregation, as well as the fragmentation of the city, producing territorial reconfigurations that intensify social inequalities and tensions among the multiple and diverse social actors in the territory.

China's remarkable economic growth has been partly driven by a high rate of urbanization and fast reduction of poverty. This has not been achieved without a price, that of environmental pollution. The Chinese government has made great efforts to reduce coal consumption; however, adjusting the fuel mix in a country like China is not easy. An important question is, if developing countries should follow the Chinese model and reduce poverty based on the Chinese vertical planning system with a strong one-party government? or should the developing countries use a horizontal model based more on local democratic principles? The transition to more sustainable energy systems will be gradual and may take longer time than expected. Sustainable development is a process involving conflicts between different aspects of sustainability and it is a value-based concept, which means that a participatory process involving key actors including the public is crucial for the development. The Chinese vertical model is compelling for many developing countries because it produces fast results on a massive scale. A horizontal planning system is slower but more resilient and adaptive concerning complexity of the urban fabric. In a new project, based more on horizontal principles, a Swedish planning support system, CITYLAB, is now being tested in a Chinese context.

The chapter discusses the history and context of urban renewal in Jamaica and shares the country's integrated model for urban renewal, as well as the lessons learned from over two decades of implementation. As the urban planning landscape evolves there is a call to move in new directions, incorporating concepts which embody the development of human capital. One call is to re-position urban renewal as a public health tool to reduce crime and violence, communicable and non-communicable diseases, especially for the urban poor and urban youth who share a greater burden of Jamaica's status as a Low/Middle Income Country (LMIC) and Small Island Developing State (SIDS). The call for the paradigm shift from gender-blind to gender-sensitive urban planning is expected to promote policy coherence between commitments to gender mainstreaming and gender equality and urban development modalities. There is also the need for a new governance framework to support the active participation of the average resident in the decision making process for land use management and other aspects of urban renewal to meet the goals of the New Urban Agenda and to realize Vision 2030 Jamaica, making "Jamaica, the place of choice to live, work, raise families and do business".

With "One Center, One Platform" as the strategic goal, Macau's development has been an essential part of the 12th and the 13th Five-Year Plan. Even though Macau has achieved a great success in development, it encountered bottlenecks, especially urban renewal. This study made a literature review on relevant theories on urban renewal, the development of Macau's urban renewal policy, and collective efficacy to construct the research questions. The study will base on a household survey in an old region of Macau and make use of quantitative research to examine Macanese choice on urban renewal option. From the results, organizational collective efficacy can be divided into two subscales, namely neighbor-to-neighbor mutually assistance collective efficacy and commercial collective efficacy. For Macanese, the latter has a significant impact on their options on urban renewal, which can explain why downtown areas of Hong Kong succeeded at the beginning of Urban Renewal Authority. It is reasonable for Macau SAR government to actively set up Macau Urban Renewal Company Limited. However, urban renewal stresses more on participation of its residents and cities worldwide, all promoting diversified consultation and development patterns in the hope that different public values can coexist upon urban renewal.