Suchergebnisse

Materials for Biomedical Engineering: Bioactive Materials for Antimicrobial, Anticancer, and Gene Therapy offers an up-to-date perspective on recent research findings regarding the application and use of these materials for disease treatment and prevention. Various types of currently investigated bioactive materials, including therapeutic nanostructures and antimicrobial hydrogels are discussed, as are their properties, impact and future role in therapeutic applications. The book will be extremely useful for new researchers who want to explore more information on the use of bioactive materials or for more experienced researchers who are interested in new trends and specific applications

Nowadays, increasing sensitivity to the environment leads to the development of sustainable agricultural policies. In this respect, it has become important to transform agricultural waste products into value-added products. Hazelnut, which has a significant trade volume worldwide, is processed into products, and some waste materials can be emerge. These waste products could transform into high added-value to food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries due to possessing the bioactive compounds such as phenolics and, dietary fibre in them. This review represents the research on the bioactive compounds from the hazelnut waste, especially conducted in recently, and concentrates on its tree leaf, husk, and oil meal.

A successful ossiculoplasty (reconstruction of the ossicular chain of the middle ear), even now, almost a hundred years after the first attempts and countless tested materials, remains a challenge through the complexity of the surgical act and through the repeated attempts to find the most adequate prosthesis to re-establish, in the long term, the sound conductive mechanism. In this article, we present a review of the main implanted materials, including the biotechnological aspects of ossicular chain reconstruction with an emphasis on the Romanian contribution to this field of study

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is applied to characterize the formation of porous hydroxyapatite layers on the surface of 0.8CaSiO₃-0.2Ca₃(PO₄)₂ biocompatible eutectic glass immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF). Compositional and structural characterization analyses were also conducted by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and micro-Raman spectroscopy. ; Daniel Sola thanks the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of the State General Administration under the project MINECO FIS2016-76163-R and the PIT2 program of the University of Murcia's own research plan for the financial support of his contract. Additionally, this work was partially supported by the Department of Research and Innovation, the University of the Aragon Regional Government, the European Social Fund (group E75), the University of Zaragoza (proposal UZ2015-CIE-01), and the General Services Research Support—SAI of the University of Zaragoza. ; Peer reviewed

8 Páginas.-- 6 Figuras ; The current great concern about plastic pollution opens up opportunities for the production of more sustainable polymers. Inverse vulcanization has emerged as a novel procedure to obtain inorganic-organic hybrid polymeric materials. Sulfur is attained as a by-product of oil refining production and makes inverse vulcanization a sustainable process due to a large amount of sulfur without a useful life. In previous studies, vegetable oils were used as a comonomer with sulfur to form copolymers based on sustainable raw material. Nevertheless, compounds from agro-wastes, could be a third comonomer that improves new copolymers bio-applications. In this study, a new series of copolymers with castor oil as vegetable oil and sulfur was formulated by adding a third compound bearing double bonds or heteroatoms. A study was conducted to assess the antimicrobial capacity and antioxidant activity of the copolymers obtained to demonstrate the benefits of adding a new comonomer to improve their bioactivity. ; The authors are grateful to the Regional Government of Andalusia, Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Economía y Conocimiento and University of Huelva (Project UHU-1257728). ; Peer reviewed

Background: Yanang (Tiliacora triandra) has been known as vegetable and herbal in northeast Thailand and Lao People's Democratic Republic. Extracts from Yanang leaves contain high amounts of polyphenol constituents possessing antioxidant activity. Materials and Methods: This work investigated bioactive compounds of Yanang extracts prepared by infusion with water, ethanol and acetone. Furthermore, this paper reports the design of the experimental method for optimization of Yanang encapsulation using three independent variables: the ratio of core material (Yanang), to wall material (gum Arabic), gum Arabic concentration and inlet temperature of spray drying on bioactive compounds stability. The stability of bioactive compounds was evaluated using phenolic compounds, total antioxidant, carotenoids and chlorophyll. Results: The study of the bioactivity of Yanang extracts found that extraction with water was the appropriate application. The study of Yanang encapsulation demonstrated that gum Arabic, as coating agents, protected bioactive compounds of Yanang. Optimized condition for the encapsulation was at the ratio of core to wall {1:4}, in gum Arabic concentration 10% (w/v), and inlet temperature at 160C. The results show that the bioactive compounds were mainly affected by the ratio of core to wall material. Besides, moisture content and particle size of encapsulation depend on inlet temperature of spray drying, and gum Arabic concentration, respectively. This optimization reveals that the encapsulation process did not lose the bioactive compounds. Conclusion: Yanang extract with water was the main phenolic compound and showed high antioxidant activities. This study demonstrates the potentials of using spray drying process and optimization for the encapsulation of herbal products.

Seas and oceans offer a wide range of temperature, pressure, light and chemical conditions thus allowing a wide diversity of marine organisms from shallow coastal waters to the deep ocean. These resources can be used to obtain new products and develop services, and in turn help to provide solutions to the challenges that affect our planet, including offering a sustainable supply of food and energy, new industrial materials and processes, new bioactive compounds, and new health treatments. Marine compounds have been identified as having antibacterial, anticoagulant, antifungal, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral activities. The major sources of these bioactive compounds are marine sponges, coelenterates, and microorganisms, followed by algae, echinoderms, tunicates, molluscs, and bryozoans. The discovery of bioactive compounds from marine samples is a hot topic considering the current need for sustainable use of marine resources. This book is a comprehensive overview of the analytical techniques employed in the discovery and characterization of bioactive compounds isolated from (all possible) marine samples and gives future perspectives of analytical methodologies. This overview includes an assessment of the sampling and preparation of extracts, the separation and isolation of bioactive compounds, their structural characterization and the application of bioassays in the discovery of bioactive compounds