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In: Contributions to the Sociology of Language [CSL]
In: Contributions to the Sociology of Language [CSL] Ser v.89
Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- List of tables -- Abbreviations and names of minorities in China -- Map 1 Distribution of minority nationalities and languages in China -- Map 2 China: Autonomous regions and prefectures -- Chapter 1 Minorities and minority languages in China -- 1.1. Historical developments of the Han and non-Han peoples -- 1.2. Official classification of the non-Han peoples -- 1.3. Distribution of minority communities -- 1.4. The classification and distribution of minority languages -- 1.5. Current status of minority languages -- 1.6. The organization of this book -- Chapter 2 The politics of minority language policy, 1949-2002 -- 2.1. Development of the CCP minorities policy before 1949 -- 2.2. Theoretical foundation of the CCP minorities policy and later changes -- 2.3. The first pluralistic stage: 1949-1957 -- 2.4. The Chinese monopolistic stage: 1958-1977 -- 2.5. The second pluralistic stage: 1978-2002 -- Chapter 3 The politics of the status of writing systems: Official, experimental, or unofficial -- 3.1. Status of writing systems: The first pluralistic stage (1949-1957) -- 3.2. Status of writing systems: The Chinese monopolistic stage (1958-1977) -- 3.3. Status of writing systems: The second pluralistic stage (1978-2002) -- 3.4. Issues in China's minority language policy -- Chapter 4 Choices of scripts and theories of writing systems: East vs. West -- 4.1. Western linguistics and the initial writing reforms for minority languages in the PRC -- 4.2. Modeling after the Soviet Union -- 4.3. Roman, IPA, and Cyrillic scripts: Conflicts and compromises -- Chapter 5 The politics of vernacular writing systems -- 5.1. The Soviet model and proliferation of vernacular writing systems -- 5.2. Vernacular writing systems: Consolidation and withdrawal -- 5.3. Vernacular writing systems: Consolidation and proliferation.
In: International journal of the sociology of language: IJSL, Band 2017, Heft 243
ISSN: 1613-3668
AbstractFollowing Fishman's (1998/1999. The new linguistic order.
In: International journal of the sociology of language: IJSL, Band 2012, Heft 215, S. 1-17
ISSN: 1613-3668
In: Journal of Asian Pacific communication, Band 16, Heft 2, S. 159-174
ISSN: 1569-9838
A theoretical model, managed community second language acquisition (SLA), is proposed to provide a comprehensive view of nine studies of language contact, spread, variation, and attitudes of Chinese, which are shaped by nearly a century of language planning. The model has been reformulated on the basis of the individual SLA modle and it is intended to make the notions of macroacquisition and planning acquisition operational. It has two linguistic factors (input and output) and two sociolinguistic factors (language identity and language marketability) that can be managed or manipulated in status planning. The two sociolinguistic factors, language identity and marketability, appear to have played the most significant roles in language spread, variation, and attitudes in status planning, at least in China. This model also serves as the basis to make a theoretical distinction between interference and borrowing, a distinction that helps to sort out the consequences of language contact and provides indexes of language shift under status planning conditions.
In: Journal of Asian Pacific communication, Band 11, Heft 2, S. 231-253
ISSN: 1569-9838
This study measures languages attitudes of 82 college students in Shanghai and Guangzhou, where language planning has promoted Putonghua (PTH) over local varieties since 1956. Since the 1980s, industrialization, commercialization, and greater demographic mobility have changed what used to be homogeneous local variety speech communities, resulting in greater demand for PTH in cross-variety communication. Do language attitudes change with greater demand for PTH? A direct measurement shows that the Shanghainese and Cantonese are largely similar in language use but differ in language attitudes: instrumental motivation and impressions of stereotyped PTH speakers correlate differently with language use for these groups. An indirect measurement indicates that, because of low social distance, the Shanghainese and Cantonese as whole groups preferred neither PTH nor their respective local varieties, though the Shanghainese females significantly upgraded PTH on both social status and group solidarity, while the Shanghainese males upgraded Shanghainese. These findings do not conform well to the textbook-case dichotomy found in early studies between high and low varieties on the dimensions of social status and solidarity. The nonconforming language attitudes may represent attitude changes amid emerging patterns of language use in these two Pacific cities.
In: International journal of the sociology of language: IJSL, Band 146, Heft 1, S. 1-20
ISSN: 1613-3668
In: Language Policy Ser. v.4
In: International journal of the sociology of language: IJSL, Band 2017, Heft 244, S. 1-16
ISSN: 1613-3668
AbstractThis article introduces multilingualism in Malaysia and examines how the language management of the multilingual society there is challenged by interactions among global, regional, national, and local language orders. These orders and their interactions give rise to various language ideologies, which are struggling to maintain a hierarchy of their respective choice. From this perspective, this introductory article reviews the seven contributions in this issue and analyzes the impact of conflicting language ideologies on language policies, use, maintenance and development in families and communities in Malaysia. The analysis suggests that in Malaysia global and regional language orders have significantly influenced the national and local language orders while the national order has a relatively weak impact on the local language order. Malaysia's diverse and sometimes conflicting language ideologies reflect the existing language orders and support them. The combination of the existing language orders and ideologies seems to be a perfect fit for unity in diversity regarding nation-building, but it is not necessarily a fit for diversity in unity in Malaysia. The lesson from the Malaysian experience is that language management and nation-building have to take full consideration of the interaction among global, regional, and national language orders within the communities involved.
In: International & development education