Suchergebnisse

Compensation for the Stolen Generations has remained a key recommendation for reparation and an issue of national and international concern. This report focuses on compensating those directly affected by past policies of forced removal in the Northern Territory. This report finds that monetary compensation is indeed due for the hurt and harm suffered by those removed. Removal constituted a fundamental breach of human rights and is now accepted as within the definition of cultural genocide. Issues relating to what happened once removed, whilst not the focus of this report are nonetheless important in representing the damage caused and the extent it has contributed to ongoing problems for individuals and communities. Over the past decade , the Government has taken a number of step s towards reconciliation including the national apology and funding for counselling and parenting services. Evidence however suggests that these measures have been inadequate in fully responding to the needs of the Stolen Generations. This report has collected and documented this evidence and concludes that there is strong moral and legal basis for providing compensation and that there is a growing urgency to resolve this issue as the Stolen Generations have little time left. A major element in this report as acknowledged in its title is the Commonwealth's responsibility for the Northern Territory. Detailed examination of the laws between 1911 and 1978 reveal the Commonwealth's intention to control the Northern Territory Indigenous population. Further, given that State Governments have begun compensating the Stolen Generations in their respective states, it i s accepted that the only government liable to pay compensation to the Northern Territory is the Commonwealth Government. Five recommendations are made in this report and in short they urge the Government to implement a compensation scheme for the Northern Territory by creating a Federal Bill. A Stolen Generations fund of $20-25 million is to be created and these moneys are to be divided equally amongst living members of the Northern Territory Stolen Generations upon application and successful assessment of eligibility by a Tribunal appointed for this purpose. These recommendations are based on existing state and federal compensation initiatives. A significant aspect of this report is an in-depth scrutiny of each of the arguments advanced by the Commonwealth in support of their position of no compensation. Its purpose is to show that once the rationale for compensation is provided and Commonwealth responsibility is established, there is no sound argument by which the Government can rely to refuse to provide compensation. This together with a legislative framework appropriate to the Northern Territory presents a means by which realization of this issue can finally be achieved

Abstract: The Japanese Imperial Army maintained chemical and biological testing facilities during the Asian Pacific War where unwilling civilians and prisoners of war were subjected to human experiments regarding frostbite, germ warfare, syphilis, weapons testing, and human anatomy. As American forces began occupying Japan and restructuring the country, the Allied Powers established an international tribunal to prosecute Japanese leaders deemed responsible for the war. During this time period, American policymakers would classify the Japanese bio warfare program, essentially protecting Japanese participants in the warfare program from facing trial. My research analyzes why American policymakers would classify Japan's Biochemical Warfare Program and subsequently limit public awareness of Japanese wartime atrocities. I argue humanitarian influences were a minor influence in U.S. foreign policy. Through incentivizing Japanese participants in the BW program, the United States was able to gain and limit access to new information. The paper integrates past American research and the 2014 archive of newly declassified government documents regarding U.S.-Japan relations during the 1930s-1950s. Further research with Japanese, Chinese, and Russian primary documents will contribute to assessing postwar society and the legacy of wartime atrocities. PART OF SESSION 2B: UNCONVENTIONAL WEAPONS Comment: Dane J. Cash, Carroll CollegeChair: Tom Taylor, Seattle University Sophia Johnson, Whitworth University, undergraduate student"From Counterinsurgency to Chemical Warfare: Technology Dependence and Agent Orange" Dawson M. Neely, Gonzaga University, undergraduate student"Project MKULTRA: How the CIA Used the Cold War to Commit Horrors on US Citizens" Linda R. Zhang, University of Washington, undergraduate student"The Blood Logs: Factors in the U.S. Decision to Classify the Japanese Biological and Chemical Warfare Program"

Basing on her Ph.D. disertation: China in transition: the role of Wu Ting-fang (1842-1922), q.v ; Includes bibliographical references and index ; Wu Tingfang (1842-1922) was a contemporary of Li Hongzhang, Yuan Shikai, Hei and Sun Yixian (Sun Yat-sen), all of whom were involved in China's attempt at reform and modernization in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. During his time, Wu was a prominent political figure, participating actively in public service and political activities in Hong Kong, Shanghai and Guangzhou. This book is a biography of Wu, and sheds considerable light on a crucial period in Chinese history ; published_or_final_version ; Preface pvii ; Acknowledgements pviii ; Introduction p1 ; Conclusion p287 ; Glossary p295 ; Bibliography p297 ; Index p313 ; Ch.1 The Colonial Matrix 1842-1877 p7 ; Ch.2 Hong Kong Barrister 1877-1882 p41 ; Ch.3 With Li Hongzhang 1882-1896 p72 ; Ch.4 Promise and Disappointment in America 1897-1902 p103 ; Ch.5 Wu Tingfang and the New Nationalism 1902-1905 p137 ; Ch.6 Towards a New Era 1905-1911 p171 ; Ch.7 Wu Tingfang and the 1911 Revolution p193 ; Ch.8 Elder Statesman 1912-1922 p231

In view of the importance of managing assets and the lack of research in managing assets in the infrastructure sector, we develop an asset management model in this study. This model is developed in line with the unique characteristics of the infrastructure assets and asset management principles and criteria. In the proposed model, we consider activities at three levels, namely the strategical, tactical and operational levels. The interviews with experts in asset management and officials in several Dutch organizations have proven the potential of our asset management model.