Suchergebnisse

The Hippie movement is a large-scale youth movement against traditional culture in American society in the 1960s, American youth in this movement oppose traditional cultural values by their unique ways, which has had a profound impact on American society, politics, culture. Young people try to subvert the mainstream culture of America through alternative methods such as drug revolution, rock and roll revolution, sexual revolution and so on. They call on the younger generation to express themselves and pursue freedom and justice. Although the rebellion was a flash in American history, its impact still remains. This thesis employs Freud's personality structure of psychoanalysis (id, ego and superego) to analyze it. Based on Freud's personality theory and the hippie movement, this paper elaborates on the personality structure of American youth in the twentieth century sixtieth and its changes, as well as the origin and their influence on themselves and American society.

This paper reviews the current cross-cultural studies on depression among Chinese people. Compared with the Western world, diagnosis rates are very low in depression and high in neurasthenia in China. It is stressed that somatic complaints are much more common and more culturally acceptable than affective expressions among Chinese clients. Discussed in this paper are the following factors contributing to such tendencies: (a) traditional Chinese medicine, (b) social and political norms, and (c) language use relating to emotional expression. Counselling implications, such as the use of symbols, relabelling, and the way of approaching Chinese clients, are addressed in light of cultural sensitivity and knowledge for counsellors in crosscultural settings. ; Cet article passe en revue les études de counseling interculturel de dépression parmi les personnes de race chinoise. Comparé au monde occidental le taux de diagnostique de dépression est plus bas et le taux de neurasthénie est plus élevé en Chine. Il est mis en évidence que les maladies somatiques sont beaucoup plus courantes et plus acceptables que les expressions affectives parmi les clients chinois. Cet article décrit les facteurs suivants contribuant à ces tendances: (a) la médecine chinoise traditionnelle; (b) les normes socio-politiques; et (c) l'usage de language en rapport avec l'expression émotionnelle. Les implications pour le counseling tel que l'usage des symboles, la ré-identification, et la façon dont les clients chinois sont approchés, sont considérés à partir d'une perspective culturelle et de la connaissance des conseillers opérant dans un milieu interculturel.

Abstract
City branding brings immense benefits for megacities to gain international prestige in an increasingly competitive global arena. City publicity films, as an effective method for selling the city through online dissemination, could reach and influence a wider audience. However, the deployment of different semiotic resources in the branding discourse in city publicity films remains under-explored, and in particular, the role of cultural attributes in the construction of meaning in the discourse of city branding through linguistic and nonverbal modalities remains unknown. This paper, drawing on theories of systemic functional grammar and visual grammar, examines the multimodal discourse of publicity films of Beijing and London in terms of representational and interactive meanings achieved through various semiotic resources. It is found that, in verbal and visual discourse, both films share similarities regarding enhancing persuasiveness via emotional branding but exhibit differences regarding how to achieve persuasiveness through different semiotic resources that co-construct meaning. The Beijing publicity film blends functional and emotional values while the London publicity film is prone to being more functional. In addition, possible reasons for the differences observed are discussed.

Based on the panel data of 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2005 to 2018, this paper uses the SBM-DEA efficiency model with undesired output to measure the green innovation efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The panel Tobit empirical analysis model was used to quantitatively analyze the impact of three different forms of government environmental regulations on the efficiency of green innovation. The research results show that the government's mandatory environmental regulations and government financial subsidies for green innovation technology are two regulatory methods that positively promote the efficiency of regional green innovation, but government investment in environmental governance has a negative impact on the efficiency of regional green innovation. Then the study found that this negative impact has a significant inflection point effect: when it exceeds a certain threshold, the negative impact turns into a positive effect. At the same time, the impact of environmental regulations on the efficiency of green innovation has significant regional heterogeneity, and the three environmental regulations have a greater impact on downstream provinces and cities.

Purpose
This study aims to address the fundamental question on how the major players in the economy dynamically interact with each other: among the central bank, the investors in the bond market and the firms and consumers that contribute to the economic growth, who gets information from whom, when and why?


Design/methodology/approach
To answer "who follows whom," the authors apply a novel technique to examine the lead–lag relations between three time series, the federal funds rate, the treasury yield curve and the gross domestic product (GDP). To investigate "when and why," the authors combine the lead–lag relations with principal component analysis to cluster economic states that are similar with respect to the eight macroeconomic variables.


Findings
The authors show that during the period 1977–2019, the bond market potentially obtained information from the federal funds rate (61% of the time) and less often (34% of time) from the changes in the GDP. Meanwhile, the funds rate decision by the Federal Reserve seems to lead the economic growth about 63% of the time. The analysis also suggests that the bond market obtained information directly from GDP when unemployment and inflation was high. In addition, the authors find that the federal funds rate was leading the GDP when the GDP deviated from the target value, consistent with the Federal Reserve's policy of boosting and damping the economy when the GDP growth is low or high, respectively.


Originality/value
This study provides insights into the fundamental questions that have important implications for empirical work on the monetary policy, financial stability and economic activities.

AbstractWe examine the effect of COVID‐19 policies on consumer spending using bankcard transactions from Norway. Exploiting variation in COVID‐19 policies over time and across space in the four largest municipalities, we investigate the heterogeneity of policy effects in their number and type. First, we document that the number of restrictions is negatively correlated with spending and exhibits decreasing marginal effects. Second, restrictions do not affect all types of spending equally: restrictions tend to have larger impacts on the sector in which they are targeted. Finally, we find suggestive evidence from a difference‐in‐differences estimation that supports a causal interpretation of our results.