Suchergebnisse

GLOBALISM IS CHARACTERIZED BY MULTIPLE GOVERNMENT AND INDUSTRIAL STRATEGIES TO COPE WITH THE RAPIDLY CHANGING CONTOURS OF COMPETITION. THIS ARTICLE EXPLORES THE REGIONAL FOUNDATIONS OF A GLOBAL ECONOMY, THE PERSISTENCE OF NATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY IN AN ERA OF GLOBAL MARKETS, AND, INSTITUTIONAL FOUNDATIONS AND THE PERSISTENCE OF NATIONAL FORMS. IT CONCLUDES THAT IT IS THE CONSEQUENCE OF THE ENDURANCE OF NATIONAL SYSTEMS THAT MUST CONCERN PEOPLE.

THIS ARTICLE OUTLINES THE INCREASING ECONOMIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL AUTONOMY OF WESTERN EUROPE AND JAPAN AND DRAWS OUT THE IMPLICATIONS FOR THE BALANCE OF POWER AMOUNG THE WESTERN ALLIES. IT ARGUES THAT THE CHANGED GLOBAL ECONOMIC STRUCTURE WILL RESULT IN A CHANGED SECURITY STRUCTURE, AND THAT AMERICA'S RELATIVE LOSS OF POSITION IN TRADE AND TECHNOLOGY WILL UNDERMINE ITS ABILITY TO INFLUENCE WORLD POLITICS IN THE FUTURE. THE ARTICLE ALSO EXPLORES THE REASONS FOR THE AMERICAN DECLINE, AND TRACES THE GROWING IMPORTANCE OF COMMERICIAL RATHER THAN MILITARY TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT. IT CONCLUDES BY STATING THAT A COMMUNITY OF TRADING STATES WITH RULES OF EXCHANGE THAT PERMIT THE MUTUAL GAINS FROM TRADE TO BE EQUITABLY IS CERTAINLY ONE POSSIBLE FUTURE.

Intensifying concerns about online platform firms' rapid rise, expansion, and growing asymmetric power have attracted political scrutiny and undermined the legitimacy of a minimalist regulatory regime that is giving way to intense debate and increasingly interventionist governmental policies and enforcement actions. First, we view the rise of, and recent political responses to, the often-predatory power and manipulative conduct of platform firm in terms of a 'Polanyian' double movement in which the destabilising and destructive effects of unchecked corporate activities and market development eventually generates political and regulatory responses to constrain private power that threaten the social, political, and economic order. Second, incipient legal changes, most notably the EU's proposed Digital Markets Act and Digital Services Act, indicate a shift in regulatory emphasis from competition (and antitrust) policy and law towards more intensive and encompassing forms of socio-economic regulation. Finally, these regulatory changes will likely vary in character and significance across political jurisdictions, and embody distinctive and possibly divergent developmental trajectories. The EU may have a first-mover advantage in regulating platform firms, but we are only at the very beginning of a protracted and conflictual transformational process.

THE CERTAINTIES OF THE BIPOLAR WORLD ARE GONE AND THE BONDS THAT WERE A PART OF THAT WORLD ARE LOOSENING. THE SECURITY SYSTEM THAT DEVELOPS OVER THE NEXT DECADE WILL REFLECT A WORLD THAT IS SLOWLY DIVIDING ITSELF INTO THREE POWERFUL TRADING GROUPS; ASIA, NORTH AMERICA, AND EUROPE. ECONOMIC RELATIONS AMONG THESE THREE TRADING REGIONS WILL SET THE PARAMETERS WITHIN WHICH SECURITY ISSUES ARE RESOLVED. THE VISIONS OF WHAT THE EMERGING SYSTEM COULD BE LIKE IS OFFERED IN THIS ARTICLE. THE PRINCIPAL FORCE THAT COULD PROPEL THE REGIONS INTO BITTER ECONOMIC RIVALRY IS THE POSSIBILITY THAT THERE CAN BE ENDURING NATIONAL WINNERS AND LOSERS FROM TRADE COMPETITION. IT IS ARGUED THAT AMERICA NEEDS TO ACT NOT FROM THE BELIEF THAT IT IS AND CAN REMAIN DOMINANT, BUT FROM AN UNDERSTANDING OF HOW IT CAN BE EFFECTIVE IN CIRCUMSTANCES IN WHICH IT NO LONGER IS.