Suchergebnisse

Acknowledgements -- Contents -- List of Figures -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- 1 A Glimpse of Today's Laowaitan in Ningbo -- 2 The Local Entrepreneurial State and Urban Redevelopment in China -- 2.1 Research Questions -- 2.2 Theoretical Overview -- 3 Research Design and Methodology -- Notes -- Chapter 2: The "City Operator" and the Tianyi Square Redevelopment Project -- 1 Planning the Tianyi Square Redevelopment -- 1.1 The No. 1 Landmark -- 1.2 Laoqiangmen of the "Village in City" -- 1.3 From "CBD" to "CCD" -- 2 Building the Tianyi Square -- 2.1 The NBUCI as "City Operator

The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) needs to recruit and incentivize two categories of grassroots party workers, namely, grassroots party secretaries and full-time party workers, to take on party work for the non-public sector of the economy. Three general strategies of recruitment have been developed: adaptation, reactivation and cooptation. Using these strategies, the CCP sets in motion the flow of human resources between the public and the non-public sectors. The CCP provides three general incentives to its grassroots party workers: material incentives, status incentives and the incentives of identity. Full-time party workers are careerists who 'live off' the Party and expect material incentives, while part-time grassroots party secretaries are believers who 'live for' the Party and expect status incentives and the incentives of identity. (J Contemp China/GIGA)

Teacher turnover at private kindergartens is a pressing issue, especially in developing nations. In this study 339 teachers at private kindergartens in China completed the Five Facets Mindfulness Scale, the Cognitive Flexibility Scale, the Perceived Organizational Support Scale, and
the Turnover Intention Scale. Results showed sequential mediation by cognitive flexibility and perceived organizational support between teachers' trait mindfulness and turnover intention. This extends Mobley's turnover theory, emphasizing the impact of individual traits, like cognitive
flexibility, on turnover intention over workplace factors. Our findings offer valuable insights for teacher retention in private kindergartens in China.

Using data from the 2017 Hong Kong Panel Study of Social Dynamics, this article investigates the political attitudes and national identity of Chinese migrants in Hong Kong. The study reveals a negative association between refugee experiences and support for pro-government parties, a negative association between refugee experiences and national identity, and a positive association between premigration socialisation and support for pro-government parties. Adult undocumented migrants reported lower levels of support for pro-government parties and weaker national identity compared to adult documented migrants. Documented migrants who arrived in Hong Kong at age 16 or older reported higher levels of support for pro-government parties than those who arrived at younger ages. (China/GIGA)

Abstract
The rising level of automation has increasingly attracted scholars' attention. On the other hand, there are many studies of the consequences of social movements, but relatively fewer studies focus on their economic consequences, and even fewer studies have examined their consequences on automation. This article bridges the gap between the two literatures by hypothesizing that a rising number of labor protests will lead to a higher level of automation. We argue that political economy factors influence the adoption of more automation. Protests anticipate higher wages and labor costs; contest for social power with employers and the state, and, in extreme cases, pose a public relations challenge to employers, which will likely push employers to replace human workers with robots. We empirically test the relationship by using two protest event datasets in China, the China Labor Bulletin and Collective Action from Social Media and robot data from the International Federation of Robotics. Statistical analysis shows that provinces and industries that have more protests also tend to concentrate more robots, and the results are robust to most specifications and placebo tests. The findings have implications for both understanding the mechanism explaining rising automation and the consequences of social protests.

Automated image analysis has received increasing attention in social scientific research, yet existing scholarship has mostly covered the application of supervised learning to classify images into predefined categories. This study focuses on the task of unsupervised image clustering, which aims to automatically discover categories from unlabelled image data. We first review the steps to perform image clustering and then focus on one key challenge in this task—finding intermediate representations of images. We present several methods of extracting intermediate image representations, including the bag-of-visual-words model, self-supervised learning, and transfer learning (in particular, feature extraction with pretrained models). We compare these methods using various visual datasets, including images related to protests in China from Weibo, images about climate change on Instagram, and profile images of the Russian Internet Research Agency on Twitter. In addition, we propose a systematic way to interpret and validate clustering solutions. Results show that transfer learning significantly outperforms the other methods. The dataset used in the pretrained model critically determines what categories the algorithms can discover.

The globalization development of the world allows the economic development presenting knowledge. Talent cultivation is similar to long-term investment that the importance cannot be neglected. Moreover, low birth rate in current society has each child being the treasure of the parents, who spoil the children with permissive parenting and do not realize the immaturity and low self-control of children in the preschool stage to result in children's deviant behaviors and teachers' increasing workload and pressure. Aiming at kindergarten teachers in Jiangsu as the research objects, total 380 copies of questionnaire are distributed, and 277 valid copies are retrieved, with the retrieval rate 72%. The research results are summarized as below: Kindergarten teachers are general people who have emotion and cannot exercise forbearance for everything. For this reason, school organizations should be considerate of kindergarten teachers' emotional labor problems, parents and the mass society should treat teachers' work with objective perspective and putting themselves in the place. Using individual emotional intelligence to achieve personal emotional accommodation in the process is an important strategy for kindergarten teachers; In the cultivation process, kindergarten teachers stress on evaluating children's level, strength, and weakness for individualized instruction. Step-by-step design of learning content aims to emphasize the importance of rational evaluation. In this case, special education teachers with better emotional intelligence performance could well apply rational evaluation and emotional accommodation strategies, reduce working pressure, and enhance subjective well-being; Kindergarten organizations could properly support teachers with time flexibility to reduce kindergarten teachers dealing with class affairs or other problems with extra time. Cooperation among people would help deal with problems and promote individual positive affect. According to the research results, suggestions are eventually proposed, expecting to help kindergarten teachers present higher commitment and better effectiveness on the teaching performance to promote the overall education quality.

Within the sustainable urbanization framework, two dimensions, namely, social urbanization and environmental urbanization, have complex coordinated interactions. To better understand the coordinated interaction status between the two dimensions of sustainable urbanization, an empirical study was carried out in the 14 cities of Hunan Province, China, from 2011 to 2019. This study establishes an integrated measurement framework, uses the coupling coordination degree model, information entropy weight analysis approach, and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution method to analyze the development degrees and coordinated interaction degrees of the two dimensions. The results show that the quality and efficiency of leisure facilities and water use have the greatest impacts on the coordinated interactions between the two dimensions. Besides, the development degrees of social urbanization and environmental urbanization are not consistent. What is more, the spatial noncorrelation of the coordinated interaction status demonstrates that the "high-quality development" tactics aiming to promote balanced development of dimensions among cities in China is feasible. Furthermore, corresponding suggestions are proposed, providing references for governments' planning and decision-making processes.