Suchergebnisse

Innovation is a key factor for the sustainable development of firms. Although it has been a prevalent phenomenon that firms maintain multiple industry&ndash ; university&ndash ; research (I&ndash ; U&ndash ; R) alliances simultaneously to generate innovation, there is a lack of explorations in this phenomenon in extant literature. In this study, we introduce a new construct, I&ndash ; U&ndash ; R alliance portfolio, and investigate the impact of its diversity on a focal firm&rsquo ; s innovation performance. Hypotheses are proposed and examined using datasets of 176 listed firms in the Chinese manufacturing industry. We find that I&ndash ; U&ndash ; R alliance portfolio diversity exerts a positive effect on a focal firm&rsquo ; s innovation performance and a firm&rsquo ; s absorptive capacity positively moderates this relationship. Furthermore, we contend that with increasing levels of government financial support, the positive relationship between I&ndash ; U&ndash ; R alliance portfolio diversity and firm innovation performance is strengthened. Finally, our findings provide several theoretical and practical implications for the I&ndash ; U&ndash ; R alliance portfolio and firm innovation.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the understanding of gastronomic discourse in Russian and Chinese linguistic cultures. In this paper, national food and its taste are considered as an important part of culture and one of the means of identification in intercultural communication. The article presents an analysis of a survey of Russian and Chinese students, as a result of which the universal and specific in the food culture of the two peoples are highlighted.

Abstract
As one of the industrial centers of Western China, Xi'an is undergoing a process in which surrounding "urban villages" are incorporated into the urban area. This paper reports on the
contact situation between the Xi'an dialect of Beishan Menkou "urban village" and Mandarin Chinese. Data collection started with
traditional dialect survey methodology which assumes the dialect to be homogeneous and shared across village members. It requires
respondents to read a standard list of Chinese characters. The assumption that the dialect is homogeneous is generally agreed upon
for older generations but is doubtful for the younger generation who are exposed to modern education and modern
life. We therefore stratified the survey across three generations with six informants, a male and female informants for each
generation. The results show that the dialect among the two older generations was still homogeneous and shared, whereas the
youngest generations showed influence of Putonghua on the dialect. This resulted in a new dialect variant "Dialect with Putonghua
features", which is recognized by urban village members as such. Female respondents generally were conceived of as speaking the
New Dialect more clearly than their male counterparts. We also investigated the impact of the dialect on Putonghua and concluded
that among the younger generation, a form of "Local Putonghua" developed, whereas the accented forms used by older generations are
a variety of intermediate forms of this "Local Putonghua". The paper further provides details of the changes taking place in the
New Dialect in terms of tones, initials and finals, vocabulary and grammar. Words in local Putonghua were also listed.

This paper aims to adapt the social network analysis method to explore the characteristics of 59 cross-border e-commerce policies promulgated by the Chinese government from January 2013 to July 2018. On this basis, the paper quantitatively analyzes the internal structure and dynamic layout characteristics of sustainable cross-border e-commerce policy documents focusing on three dimensions: policy service contents, policy regulatory targets, and policy measures. The results suggest that policies involving service contents lack long-term strategic planning, especially those related to taxation and warehousing. In addition, policies regarding service system construction and demonstration construction follow an upward trend, whereas policies related to international cooperation and risk monitoring are less prevalent. Finally, it is suggested that the government pays attention to the supervision of payments, transactions, and goods in the early stage of development, but began conducting comprehensive supervision over all aspects of the cross-border e-commerce supply chain in 2015. Thus, there has been a relatively mature regulatory system established in China with particular attention to the aspects of quality and safety.

As a new type of digital product, driverless shared cars will become an important part of the intelligent public transportation system. This paper aims to use driverless shared vehicles to carry out a comprehensive digital transformation of transportation, that is, to remotely control the driverless through the man-machine interface, and turn the taxi into a remote-controlled car controlled by a remote center. Compared with existing technology and business models, the technical framework and operational idea of driverless shared cars proposed in this paper have great advantages. It can not only reduce per capita carbon emissions and travel costs, but also promote efficient management of transportation and cities. This study can be also adapted to various countries in the world due to its flexibility. After summarizing and analyzing different driverless and shared car technology schemes, this paper predicts the profitability of cruise taxis after adopting this model, puts forward feasible design schemes, and looks forward to its development prospects all over the world.

AbstractGiven the deficiencies of traditional government capacity indicators and cultural factors (e.g., individualism) in explaining the discrepancies of different agents' responses to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, the present study proposed and examined the role of neoliberalism, a novel cultural tradition of knowledge emphasizing the principles of free markets and self‐governance, as an additional explanation of the discrepancies in the governmental and individual responses to the pandemic. Analyzing policy responses of 106 nations and personal responses from 105,203 individuals in 104 nations during the first wave of the pandemic, we found that nation‐level neoliberalism (delineated by the economic freedom index) negatively predicted the nonlinear trajectories of government policy responses to contain the pandemic. Specifically, in more neoliberal countries, stringent containment policy responses showed a sharper decline in the later stage of the first wave of the pandemic. Moreover, nation‐level neoliberalism negatively predicted individuals' pandemic‐protective attitudes and behaviors. All these effects are independent of and incremental to those of nation‐level individualism. In conclusion, this study sheds light on how neoliberalism could lead to negative consequences during large‐scale, long‐lasting public threats, offering practical guidance for adjusting public crisis management in the future.

This paper aims to adapt the social network analysis method to explore the characteristics of 59 cross-border e-commerce policies promulgated by the Chinese government from January 2013 to July 2018. On this basis, the paper quantitatively analyzes the internal structure and dynamic layout characteristics of sustainable cross-border e-commerce policy documents focusing on three dimensions: policy service contents, policy regulatory targets, and policy measures. The results suggest that policies involving service contents lack long-term strategic planning, especially those related to taxation and warehousing. In addition, policies regarding service system construction and demonstration construction follow an upward trend, whereas policies related to international cooperation and risk monitoring are less prevalent. Finally, it is suggested that the government pays attention to the supervision of payments, transactions, and goods in the early stage of development, but began conducting comprehensive supervision over all aspects of the cross-border e-commerce supply chain in 2015. Thus, there has been a relatively mature regulatory system established in China with particular attention to the aspects of quality and safety.

This paper aims to adapt the social network analysis method to explore the characteristics of 59 cross-border e-commerce policies promulgated by the Chinese government from January 2013 to July 2018. On this basis, the paper quantitatively analyzes the internal structure and dynamic layout characteristics of sustainable cross-border e-commerce policy documents focusing on three dimensions: policy service contents, policy regulatory targets, and policy measures. The results suggest that policies involving service contents lack long-term strategic planning, especially those related to taxation and warehousing. In addition, policies regarding service system construction and demonstration construction follow an upward trend, whereas policies related to international cooperation and risk monitoring are less prevalent. Finally, it is suggested that the government pays attention to the supervision of payments, transactions, and goods in the early stage of development, but began conducting comprehensive supervision over all aspects of the cross-border e-commerce supply chain in 2015. Thus, there has been a relatively mature regulatory system established in China with particular attention to the aspects of quality and safety.