Little research attention has been paid to the importance of creative leadership for team creativity. We proposed that the leader's level of creativity would be a core component of effective leadership, and that leader creativity would be positively related to team creativity and moderated by leader empowerment and task complexity. Participants were 382 employees and their leaders from 89 project teams in China. Results showed that there was a positive relationship between leader creativity and team creativity, and that the relationship was fortified by task complexity but weakened by leader empowerment. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
AbstractDuring the crucial stage of the energy transition for combating extreme climate changes, it has been frequently discussed: Whether clean and fossil energies are substitutes or complements? To answer this question, we first analyze the correlations of some main clean and fossil energy markets in 2015–2022. After identifying and measuring the volatility spillovers in these energy markets, the original sequence is decomposed into three subsequences in each time-frequency to accurately capture the temporal relations in the short or long term. Furthermore, we select three periods when global climate change issues occurred frequently for the event analysis, then explore the linkages between the energy markets when experiencing climate uncertainties from different time dimensions. We find that the close interactions between clean energy markets are mainly presented in the long term. Meanwhile, even though the spillover effects between the oil market and others are not obvious in the original sequence, significant spillovers could be observed in the selected periods. Therefore, we can infer that the frequently-occurred climate change issues could be one of the reasons that trigger the volatility spillovers between the oil and other energy markets. As climate uncertainties increase, different reactions between the energy markets can be seen in the short term, while a synchronized trend is also easily observed in the long term. Hence, we conclude that these energies could be substitutes in the short term, while complements in the long run. The above analytic results could be helpful for policymakers and investors to cope with the market fluctuations that are brought by climate issues.
AbstractThis study investigates the return‐volatility relationship of the offshore Chinese RMB (CNH). Based on a regime‐switching copula model, we find that the return‐volatility relationship has changed since the August 2015 reform of the central parity formation mechanism. Before the reform, implied volatility increased only in response to CNH depreciation. After the reform, both large depreciation and appreciation of CNH trigger higher implied volatility. We show that both the "fear of a crash" and interest rate differentials are important factors contributing to the return‐volatility dynamics. Our study provides empirical evidence that the 2015 reform increased the two‐way flexibility of the USD/CNH exchange rate. Specifically, after the reform, both large negative and large positive USD/CNH returns have created fear of future losses, which causes investors to bid up option prices and therefore implied volatility.
Specific transmitter identification (SEI) is a technology that uses a received signal to identify to which individual radiation source the transmitted signal belongs. It can complete the identification of the signal transmitter in a non-cooperative scenario. Therefore, there are broad application prospects in the field of wireless-communication-network security, spectral resource management, and military battlefield-target communication countermeasures. This article demodulates and reconstructs a digital modulation signal to obtain a signal without modulator distortion and power-amplifier nonlinearity. Comparing the reconstructed signal with the actual received signal, the coefficient representation of the nonlinearity of the power amplifier and the distortion of the modulator can be obtained, and these coefficients can be used as the fingerprint characteristics of different transmitters through a convolutional neural network (CNN) to complete the identification of specific transmitters. The existing SEI strategy for changing the modulation parameters of a test signal is to mix part of the test signal with the training signal so that the classifier can learn the signal of which the modulation parameter was changed. This method is still data-oriented and cannot process signals for which the classifier has not been trained. It has certain limitations in practical applications. We compared the fingerprint features extracted by the method in this study with the fingerprint features extracted by the bispectral method. When SNR < 20 dB, the recognition accuracy of the bispectral method dropped rapidly. The method in this paper still achieved 86% recognition accuracy when SNR = 0 dB. When the carrier frequency of the test signal was changed, the bispectral feature failed, and the proposed method could still achieve a recognition accuracy of about 70%. When changing the test-signal baud rate, the proposed method could still achieve a classification accuracy rate of more than 70% for four different individual ...
We examined the influence of reward structures on team adaptation. We collected data from Chinese university students, whom we assigned to 62 teams of 3 members. They took part in a team-based card game in a laboratory setting to test if a cooperative structure promotes team adaptation by facilitating shared mental model updating, and if a competitive structure harms team adaptation by preventing shared mental model updating. This proposition was supported by the results of the between-group factorial design experiment: The efficiency of the shared mental model was lost when predicting team performance in an uncertain environment. Teams with a cooperative structure outperformed teams with a competitive structure in the task changes, and this effect was mediated by shared mental model updating. Thus, team managers should adopt a cooperative-based structure in an uncertain environment to achieve team adaptation, as well as training team members to understand the changed situation.
