Suchergebnisse

The establishment of the National Security Commission (NSC) of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) is a major regrouping of the top CCP power structure, a 'New Deal' in Xi Jinping's endeavor to revitalize China. In full operation it will reshape Beijing's national security (NS) decision-making process concerning the formulation of national security strategies, crisis management at home and abroad, coordination of national security policies and actions by Party/army/state agencies and institutional links with its foreign national security counterparts. This article argues that the NSC will primarily address the Party's internal security concerns, which is the key link to its efforts to strike a new balance between various security typologies. It analyses Beijing's securitization guidance and practice and constructs its organizational structure and functions. (J Contemp China/GIGA)

Teacher turnover at private kindergartens is a pressing issue, especially in developing nations. In this study 339 teachers at private kindergartens in China completed the Five Facets Mindfulness Scale, the Cognitive Flexibility Scale, the Perceived Organizational Support Scale, and
the Turnover Intention Scale. Results showed sequential mediation by cognitive flexibility and perceived organizational support between teachers' trait mindfulness and turnover intention. This extends Mobley's turnover theory, emphasizing the impact of individual traits, like cognitive
flexibility, on turnover intention over workplace factors. Our findings offer valuable insights for teacher retention in private kindergartens in China.

The globalization development of the world allows the economic development presenting knowledge. Talent cultivation is similar to long-term investment that the importance cannot be neglected. Moreover, low birth rate in current society has each child being the treasure of the parents, who spoil the children with permissive parenting and do not realize the immaturity and low self-control of children in the preschool stage to result in children's deviant behaviors and teachers' increasing workload and pressure. Aiming at kindergarten teachers in Jiangsu as the research objects, total 380 copies of questionnaire are distributed, and 277 valid copies are retrieved, with the retrieval rate 72%. The research results are summarized as below: Kindergarten teachers are general people who have emotion and cannot exercise forbearance for everything. For this reason, school organizations should be considerate of kindergarten teachers' emotional labor problems, parents and the mass society should treat teachers' work with objective perspective and putting themselves in the place. Using individual emotional intelligence to achieve personal emotional accommodation in the process is an important strategy for kindergarten teachers; In the cultivation process, kindergarten teachers stress on evaluating children's level, strength, and weakness for individualized instruction. Step-by-step design of learning content aims to emphasize the importance of rational evaluation. In this case, special education teachers with better emotional intelligence performance could well apply rational evaluation and emotional accommodation strategies, reduce working pressure, and enhance subjective well-being; Kindergarten organizations could properly support teachers with time flexibility to reduce kindergarten teachers dealing with class affairs or other problems with extra time. Cooperation among people would help deal with problems and promote individual positive affect. According to the research results, suggestions are eventually proposed, expecting to help kindergarten teachers present higher commitment and better effectiveness on the teaching performance to promote the overall education quality.

In this study, 615 kindergarten teacher participants completed a survey comprising teacher work stress, psychological capital, social support, and work-related well-being questionnaires. Results showed that participants' occupational stress not only directly affected their work-related
well-being, but their work-related well-being was also affected through the mediating role of psychological capital. The level of participants' social support also moderated the relationship between their psychological capital and work-related well-being. Results have practical implications
for kindergarten teachers in mainland China such that they can be enlightened on how to avoid a stressful work environment, embrace work-related physical and mental well-being, and maintain their psychological capital.

This historical discourse analysis examines how various social actors legitimated print advertising from 1800 to 1870. The analysis shows how supporters of advertising overcame ambivalence and hostility toward advertising. Prior to the early 1840s, advertising was promoted by publishers, geared largely to general newspaper readers, and restrained via subtle discursive strategies. Later, promoters of advertising—including publishers and ad agents—tapped into socially and institutionally located legitimating discourse to sell advertising to a wide range of American businesspersons. The findings invite a reconsideration of conclusions made in previous advertising histories.

Under constant education reform to cultivate students with transferable skills, it is necessary to effectively release excessive competition for school admission and guide normal teaching and balanced development of five ways of life. By re-positioning book knowledge as footprints commonly accumulated by humans, it might be able to recover current rigid education. Students should not be restrained from formal education, but should positively cultivate learning autonomy aiming at living to successfully seek for goals and ideal. Taking a university in Fujian Province as the empirical object, total 214 students are preceded the 15-week e-learning based exploratory education experiment (3 hours per week for total 45 hours). The research results show that exploratory education would affect self-efficacy, exploratory education would affect interpersonal relationship, and self-efficacy reveals significantly positive effects on interpersonal relationship. According to the results to propose suggestions, it is expected to help students discuss, communicate, establish goals, solve problems, and generate trust in the interaction process in learning activities as well as connect specific experience in activities with life experience, transfer and generate meanings, encourage adventure and self-challenge, self-awareness, and finally discover innovative thinking and new potential to generate the natural development for learning and change.

It's known that elaborate age is closely associated with polyethism in honeybee colonies, and the circle composed of queen retinue workers is a usual phenomenon in honeybee colonies. In this study, we showed that the age-bracket of retinue workers is 2-23d, but mainly 6-18d by marking newly hatched workers in two colonies.

Moving towards a more sustainable world requires a complete revolution in the way we manage energy and resources. However, from an academic perspective, this theme is so broad that most educators and researchers tend to focus on just one aspect, and maintaining the broad viewpoint which is necessary for making strategic judgments becomes difficult. Tohoku University addressed this challenge when developing a new education and training program for environmental leaders and brought together the extensive range of expertise available in specific fields into one special course which forms the basis of this book. Now in one volume, both students and educators can be brought up to date on a wide range of critical issues currently being addressed in the field of energy and resources. Issues covered include several critical ones in the energy field (low-energy technologies, renewable energies such as the hydrogen economy, and geothermal energy). Chapters on resources include availability (for instance, rare earth metals), extraction and recycling of metals and plastics, and technological solutions to specific waste-disposal problems. In addition, broader strategic issues such as limits to growth and the interaction between the economic system and environmental issues are addressed. Even though each chapter provides topical data and knowledge from disparate and specialized fields, the book is written at a level that is readily understandable by students from all scientific, engineering, and humanities fields