Suchergebnisse

Pengfei Cao,1,2,* Jun Xing,1,* Yin Cao,3 Qi Cheng,1 Xiaojing Sun,1 Qi Kang,1 Libin Dai,1 Xianju Zhou,3 Zixiang Song1 1Psychological Centre for Adolescents and Children, The Affiliated 102nd Hospital of The Second Military Medical University of People's Liberation Army of China, Shanghai, China; 2Department of Political Affairs, College of Politics, National Defense University of People's Liberation Army of China, Beijing, China; 3Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Changzhou No 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China *These authors contributed equally to this work Objective: To explore the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with atomoxetine (ATX) in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: Sixty-four patients with newly diagnosed ADHD were enrolled from January 2016 to October 2017 from Psychological Centre for Adolescents and Children at 102th Hospital of People's Liberation Army of China. These patients were randomly assigned to three groups according to treatment method: the rTMS group, the ATX group, and the rTMS+ ATX group. Before treatment and 6 weeks after treatment, clinical symptoms and executive functions of ADHD patients were evaluated with the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham, Version IV (SNAP-IV) Questionnaire, continuous performance test, three subtests (arithmetic, digit span, and coding) of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, as well as Iowa Gambling Tasks (IGT). The effects of treatment were compared among three groups. Results: After 6 weeks of treatment, the scores of all factors in the SNAP-IV questionnaire were lower than those before treatment in the three groups; the scores of three subtests of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, continuous performance test, and IGT were also significantly higher than those before treatment. The rTMS+ ATX group had a better improvement in attention deficits and hyperactivity impulse on the SNAP-IV questionnaire compared with the other groups, and also had a higher efficacy on cold and hot executive functions such as arithmetic, forward numbers, coding, and IGT. In addition, the ATX group performed better than the rTMS group in coding and IGT. Conclusion: rTMS, ATX, and the combination therapy are effective in improving core symptoms and executive function in patients with ADHD. The combined treatment has significant therapeutic advantages over the single treatment groups. Compared with rTMS, the drug therapy has a better improvement in coding and IGT. Keywords: attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, atomoxetine, executive function

Perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have shown excellent performance in the green and near-infrared spectral regions, with high color purity, efficiency, and brightness. In order to shift the emission wavelength to the blue, compositional engineering (anion mixing) and quantum-confinement engineering (reduced-dimensionality) have been employed. Unfortunately, LED emission profiles shift with increasing driving voltages due to either phase separation or the coexistence of multiple crystal domains. Here we report color-stable sky-blue PeLEDs achieved by enhancing the phase monodispersity of quasi-2D perovskite thin films. We selected cation combinations that modulate the crystallization and layer thickness distribution of the domains. The perovskite films show a record photoluminescence quantum yield of 88% at 477 nm. The corresponding PeLEDs exhibit stable sky-blue emission under high operation voltages. A maximum luminance of 2480 cd m-2 at 490 nm is achieved, fully one order of magnitude higher than the previous record for quasi-2D blue PeLEDs. ; Q.X. acknowledges financial support from Singapore National Research Foundation via the Investigatorship Award (NRF-NRFI2015-03) and the Competitive Research Programme (NRF-CRP14-2014-03), and Singapore Ministry of Education through AcRF Tier 2 and Tier 1 grants (MOE2015-T2-1-047 and RG 113/16). E.H.S. and all co-authors from the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Toronto acknowledge the financial support by the US Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Research (Grant Award No: N00014-17-1-2524), by the Ontario Research Fund—Research Excellence Program, and by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). H.T. acknowledges the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) for a Rubicon grant (680-50-1511) in support of his postdoctoral research at the University of Toronto. Computations were performed on the GPC supercomputer at the SciNet HPC Consortium. SciNet is funded by the Canada Foundation for Innovation under the auspices of Compute Canada; the Government of Ontario; Ontario Research Fund—Research Excellence; and the University of Toronto.