Suchergebnisse

There is a widespread agreement among gender and family violence investigators that gender and socioeconomic inequalities play key roles in domestic violence against women (DVAW). By integrating the concepts of gender traditionalism and decision-making power into a variety of resource-based theories, this study develops a gender perspective to explore the linkages between gendered correlates and psychological and physical DVAW in urban Thailand. Based on a random sample of 770 married women in Bangkok, results from our Tobit regression models indicate that when Thai wives accept gender traditionalism, have significantly greater or smaller economic resources than their husbands, or have significantly greater or smaller decision-making power, they are at greater risk for multiple forms of domestic violence. However, contrary to expectations, Thai wives who report higher levels of social contact or integration do not experience less domestic violence. It is concluded that gender egalitarianism in urban Thailand can greatly reduce the risk of DVAW.

This study uses the multidimensional measures included in the 1996 Taiwan Social Change Survey to examine the effects of gender ideologies and marital role sharing on marital quality among married Taiwanese men and women as reporting spouses. The authors' quantitative analyses indicate that (a) there is little direct relationship between gender ideologies and marital quality in this Taiwanese sample for both genders,(b) egalitarian marital power is directly and positively related to marital harmony and negatively related to marital discord, (c) the nontraditional division of domestic labor is directly and positively related to marital quality primarily through the enhancement of marital harmony, and (d) the proposed conceptual model does not vary substantially across the two genders. The authors suggest that these findings should be further validated by utilizing couples as the units of analysis.

Objective. This study tests the proposition, suggested by the middleman minority theory of entrepreneurship, that retail enterprise among white immigrants in the urban North was aided by the emergence of segregated black communities during the Great Migration of 1915–1930.Methods. Census data on major Northern cities in 1910, 1920, and 1930 are analyzed in several multivariate regressions.Results. The merchant participation rate of foreign‐born white men was unrelated to the index of black spatial isolation but was positively associated with the relative size of the black population, implying that the existence of large black consumer markets did promote the entry of the immigrants into the retail trade.Conclusions. White immigrants in the early 20th century North had a retailing niche based partly on serving blacks. Yet, there was no evidence that the immigrants benefited from a "captive market" that arose because of residential segregation by race.

Objective. This study tests the proposition, suggested by the middleman minority theory of entrepreneurship, that retail enterprise among white immigrants in the urban North was aided by the emergence of segregated black communities during the Great Migration of 1915-1930. Methods. Census data on major Northern cities in 1910, 1920, & 1930 are analyzed in several multivariate regressions. Results. The merchant participation rate of foreign-born white men was unrelated to the index of black spatial isolation but was positively associated with the relative size of the black population, implying that the existence of large black consumer markets did promote the entry of the immigrants into the retail trade. Conclusions. White immigrants in the early 20th-century North had a retailing niche based partly on serving blacks. Yet, there was no evidence that the immigrants benefited from a "captive market" that arose because of residential segregation by race. 1 Table, 1 Appendix, 36 References. Adapted from the source document.

Using the 1994-1995 Taiwan Social Change Survey, we examine the relationship between socioeconomic resources, gender ideologies, and marital power in contemporary Taiwanese marriages. Results from multinomial logit models indicate that socioeconomic resources and gender ideologies of both married men and women are significant determinants of the balance of marital power. As the access to socioeconomic resources becomes increasingly easier and as traditional gender ideology continues to languish, Taiwanese wives' bargaining power with patriarchy in the family is on the rise. These findings not only corroborate the classic resource theory of marital power but also substantiate the modified resource theory of marital power in a non-Western society.

Using national-level data, this analysis examines American fathers' participation in three domains of child rearing for children aged 5 to 18 years. Focus is placed on the extent to which participation varies by race or ethnicity, gender and family ideologies, and the interaction between these factors. Results show that minority fathers consistently outperform White fathers in the cognitive domain. Findings also show that fathers' involvement is a function of an interplay between race or ethnicity and cultural ideologies.