Laogai--The Chinese Gulag
Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Illustrations -- Foreword -- Preface and Acknowledgments -- 1 Introduction -- The Organization and Distribution of Labor Reform Camps -- The Population of the Labor Reform Camps -- The Political Function of Labor Reform Camps -- Political Prisoners in the Laogaidu -- Thought Reform in the Labor Reform Camps -- Forced Labor and Labor Production in the Labor Reform Camps -- Labor Reform Enterprise's Place in the Economic System of the People's Republic of China -- Notes -- 2 Convicted Labor Reform (Laogai) -- The General Development of Convicted Labor Reform -- Objects of Laogai -- Living Conditions Under Convicted Labor Reform -- Punishment in Convicted Labor Reform -- Convicted Labor Reform Production -- Notes -- 3 Reeducation Through Labor (Laojiao) -- The Historical Background and Theoretical Basis of Reeducation Through Labor -- General Development of Reeducation Through Labor (Laojiao) -- Reeducation Through Labor Subjects and Arrests -- The Realities of Reeducation Through Labor -- Notes -- 4 Forced Job Placement ( Jiuye) -- The True Nature of Forced Job Placement -- The Development of Forced Job Placement -- Actual Conditions of Forced Job Placement -- Notes -- 5 Labor Reform Under Deng Xiaoping -- Recent Developments in Labor Reform -- Recent Changes in Labor Reform Policy -- The New Pattern of Labor Reform Production -- Lingering Problems -- Notes -- Afterword -- Appendix 1: Information on 990 Labor Reform Camps -- Appendix 2: Commodities of the Labor Reform Camps of the People's Republic of China as of March 1990 -- Appendix 3: Three Sample Laogaidui -- Appendix 4: Volvo-Chinter Cas -- Appendix 5: A List of Nine Industrial Labor Reform Enterprises That Have Attained the Standard of National Second-Level Enterprises -- About the Author -- About the Book -- Index
