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Highlights • Farmers' criteria to locate real miscanthus fields were investigated. • We modelled agronomic, morphological and contextual field characteristics. • Boosted regression tree method used to upscale from supply area to the regional level. • Small and complex-shaped farmer's blocks resulted to be relevant to locate miscanthus. • Our approach provided miscanthus location probabilities from farm to landscape levels. Abstract. Miscanthus is an emerging crop with high potential for bioenergy production. Its effective sustainability depends greatly on the spatial location of this crop, although few modelling approaches have been based on real maps. To fill this gap, we propose a spatially explicit method based on real location data. We mapped all of the miscanthus fields in the supply area of a transformation plant located in east-central France. Then, we used a boosted regression tree, machine learning method, to model miscanthus presence/absence at the level of the farmer's block as mapped in the French land parcel identification system. Each of these modelling spatial units was characterised on agronomical, morphological and contextual variables selected from in-depth spatially explicit farm surveys. The model fostered a two-fold aim: to assess the farmers' decision criteria and predict miscanthus location probability. In addition, we evaluated the consequence of possible legislative constraints, which could prevent the miscanthus to be planted in protected areas or in place of grasslands. The small and complex-shaped farmer's blocks that were predicted by our model to be planted with miscanthus were also characterised by their great distance from the farm and the roads. This kind of result could provide a different perspective on the definition of "marginal land" by integrating also the farm management criteria. In conclusion, our approach elicited real farmers' criteria regarding miscanthus location to capture local specificities and explore different miscanthus location probabilities at the farm and ...

The European Union stes the objective of a sustainable bioeconomy as "to ensure an adequate supply of food and products of biological origin that are safe, healthy and of high quality by developing systainable and resource-efficient production systems, related ecosystem services, retoration of biological diversity, competitive and economical porcessing and marketing chains in carbon". Bioeconomy appears as a key policy to integrate the great societal issues of climate change, food security, fossil fuel dependence, scarcity of natural resources and territorial and industrial development on a number of scales, from small territory to national scale, as sustainable production and use of biomass are inherent to the bioeconomy proposition. One major challenge for bioeconomy is then to be able to assess how its development will successfully achieve these different objectives in concrete situations, from biomass production and uses natural resources conservation. Several authors highlight the lack of knowledge regarding the reality of bioeconomy systems that limits the development of sustainable bioeconomy projects in territories. Bioeconomy as a system is a relatively new concept tha encompasses several sectors and disciplines (e.g.:agriculture, forestry, industry). The scientific community and stakeholders are then still quite scattered focusing on only one component of the bioeconomy system, e.g.:transformation process forest-wood chains of biofuels production. Bioeconomy systems are also characterized by a high flexibility to resources, processes, stakeholders or transformation chains. Understanding the whole bioeconomy system and proposing sustainable organization to optimize biomass productions and uses requires accounting for the high level of complexity inherent to bioeconomy systems. There is a need for a specific framework that deciphers bioeconomy systems in order to help their integrated assessment. Starting with territorial bioeconomy systems, we propose a description to help the concrete systainability ...

The European Union stes the objective of a sustainable bioeconomy as "to ensure an adequate supply of food and products of biological origin that are safe, healthy and of high quality by developing systainable and resource-efficient production systems, related ecosystem services, retoration of biological diversity, competitive and economical porcessing and marketing chains in carbon". Bioeconomy appears as a key policy to integrate the great societal issues of climate change, food security, fossil fuel dependence, scarcity of natural resources and territorial and industrial development on a number of scales, from small territory to national scale, as sustainable production and use of biomass are inherent to the bioeconomy proposition. One major challenge for bioeconomy is then to be able to assess how its development will successfully achieve these different objectives in concrete situations, from biomass production and uses natural resources conservation. Several authors highlight the lack of knowledge regarding the reality of bioeconomy systems that limits the development of sustainable bioeconomy projects in territories. Bioeconomy as a system is a relatively new concept tha encompasses several sectors and disciplines (e.g.:agriculture, forestry, industry). The scientific community and stakeholders are then still quite scattered focusing on only one component of the bioeconomy system, e.g.:transformation process forest-wood chains of biofuels production. Bioeconomy systems are also characterized by a high flexibility to resources, processes, stakeholders or transformation chains. Understanding the whole bioeconomy system and proposing sustainable organization to optimize biomass productions and uses requires accounting for the high level of complexity inherent to bioeconomy systems. There is a need for a specific framework that deciphers bioeconomy systems in order to help their integrated assessment. Starting with territorial bioeconomy systems, we propose a description to help the concrete systainability ...

The European Union stes the objective of a sustainable bioeconomy as "to ensure an adequate supply of food and products of biological origin that are safe, healthy and of high quality by developing systainable and resource-efficient production systems, related ecosystem services, retoration of biological diversity, competitive and economical porcessing and marketing chains in carbon". Bioeconomy appears as a key policy to integrate the great societal issues of climate change, food security, fossil fuel dependence, scarcity of natural resources and territorial and industrial development on a number of scales, from small territory to national scale, as sustainable production and use of biomass are inherent to the bioeconomy proposition. One major challenge for bioeconomy is then to be able to assess how its development will successfully achieve these different objectives in concrete situations, from biomass production and uses natural resources conservation. Several authors highlight the lack of knowledge regarding the reality of bioeconomy systems that limits the development of sustainable bioeconomy projects in territories. Bioeconomy as a system is a relatively new concept tha encompasses several sectors and disciplines (e.g.:agriculture, forestry, industry). The scientific community and stakeholders are then still quite scattered focusing on only one component of the bioeconomy system, e.g.:transformation process forest-wood chains of biofuels production. Bioeconomy systems are also characterized by a high flexibility to resources, processes, stakeholders or transformation chains. Understanding the whole bioeconomy system and proposing sustainable organization to optimize biomass productions and uses requires accounting for the high level of complexity inherent to bioeconomy systems. There is a need for a specific framework that deciphers bioeconomy systems in order to help their integrated assessment. Starting with territorial bioeconomy systems, we propose a description to help the concrete systainability ...

The European Union stes the objective of a sustainable bioeconomy as "to ensure an adequate supply of food and products of biological origin that are safe, healthy and of high quality by developing systainable and resource-efficient production systems, related ecosystem services, retoration of biological diversity, competitive and economical porcessing and marketing chains in carbon". Bioeconomy appears as a key policy to integrate the great societal issues of climate change, food security, fossil fuel dependence, scarcity of natural resources and territorial and industrial development on a number of scales, from small territory to national scale, as sustainable production and use of biomass are inherent to the bioeconomy proposition. One major challenge for bioeconomy is then to be able to assess how its development will successfully achieve these different objectives in concrete situations, from biomass production and uses natural resources conservation. Several authors highlight the lack of knowledge regarding the reality of bioeconomy systems that limits the development of sustainable bioeconomy projects in territories. Bioeconomy as a system is a relatively new concept tha encompasses several sectors and disciplines (e.g.:agriculture, forestry, industry). The scientific community and stakeholders are then still quite scattered focusing on only one component of the bioeconomy system, e.g.:transformation process forest-wood chains of biofuels production. Bioeconomy systems are also characterized by a high flexibility to resources, processes, stakeholders or transformation chains. Understanding the whole bioeconomy system and proposing sustainable organization to optimize biomass productions and uses requires accounting for the high level of complexity inherent to bioeconomy systems. There is a need for a specific framework that deciphers bioeconomy systems in order to help their integrated assessment. Starting with territorial bioeconomy systems, we propose a description to help the concrete systainability ...

The European Union stes the objective of a sustainable bioeconomy as "to ensure an adequate supply of food and products of biological origin that are safe, healthy and of high quality by developing systainable and resource-efficient production systems, related ecosystem services, retoration of biological diversity, competitive and economical porcessing and marketing chains in carbon". Bioeconomy appears as a key policy to integrate the great societal issues of climate change, food security, fossil fuel dependence, scarcity of natural resources and territorial and industrial development on a number of scales, from small territory to national scale, as sustainable production and use of biomass are inherent to the bioeconomy proposition. One major challenge for bioeconomy is then to be able to assess how its development will successfully achieve these different objectives in concrete situations, from biomass production and uses natural resources conservation. Several authors highlight the lack of knowledge regarding the reality of bioeconomy systems that limits the development of sustainable bioeconomy projects in territories. Bioeconomy as a system is a relatively new concept tha encompasses several sectors and disciplines (e.g.:agriculture, forestry, industry). The scientific community and stakeholders are then still quite scattered focusing on only one component of the bioeconomy system, e.g.:transformation process forest-wood chains of biofuels production. Bioeconomy systems are also characterized by a high flexibility to resources, processes, stakeholders or transformation chains. Understanding the whole bioeconomy system and proposing sustainable organization to optimize biomass productions and uses requires accounting for the high level of complexity inherent to bioeconomy systems. There is a need for a specific framework that deciphers bioeconomy systems in order to help their integrated assessment. Starting with territorial bioeconomy systems, we propose a description to help the concrete systainability ...

The European Union stes the objective of a sustainable bioeconomy as "to ensure an adequate supply of food and products of biological origin that are safe, healthy and of high quality by developing systainable and resource-efficient production systems, related ecosystem services, retoration of biological diversity, competitive and economical porcessing and marketing chains in carbon". Bioeconomy appears as a key policy to integrate the great societal issues of climate change, food security, fossil fuel dependence, scarcity of natural resources and territorial and industrial development on a number of scales, from small territory to national scale, as sustainable production and use of biomass are inherent to the bioeconomy proposition. One major challenge for bioeconomy is then to be able to assess how its development will successfully achieve these different objectives in concrete situations, from biomass production and uses natural resources conservation. Several authors highlight the lack of knowledge regarding the reality of bioeconomy systems that limits the development of sustainable bioeconomy projects in territories. Bioeconomy as a system is a relatively new concept tha encompasses several sectors and disciplines (e.g.:agriculture, forestry, industry). The scientific community and stakeholders are then still quite scattered focusing on only one component of the bioeconomy system, e.g.:transformation process forest-wood chains of biofuels production. Bioeconomy systems are also characterized by a high flexibility to resources, processes, stakeholders or transformation chains. Understanding the whole bioeconomy system and proposing sustainable organization to optimize biomass productions and uses requires accounting for the high level of complexity inherent to bioeconomy systems. There is a need for a specific framework that deciphers bioeconomy systems in order to help their integrated assessment. Starting with territorial bioeconomy systems, we propose a description to help the concrete systainability assessment and highlight the potential locks and levers for bioeconomy development.

This contribution is an intermediate product of the ANR1 research project, SPOP (Sustainable Palm Oil Production). SPOP project aims at providing scientific knowledge on the diverse oil palm cropping systems in Indonesia and Cameroon, and on their social, economic and environmental impacts. This knowledge should help identify best practices, adaptation strategies, and improvement needs towards sustainability. At this stage of the research programme, we first aimed to present the applied methodology and analyse its relevancy in light of the first field data collection.

submitted to Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews ; International audience ; Meeting future policy targets for bioenergy development worldwide poses major challenges for biomass feedstock supply chains in terms of competitiveness, reliability and sustainability. This paper reviews current knowledge on the sustainability of agricultural feedstock supply chains and emphasize future research needs. It covers annual and perennial feedstocks, and environmental, economic and social aspects. Knowledge gaps and technological options to assess and meet sustainability criteria are reviewed from plot to landscape and global scales. Bioenergy feedstocks present a wide range of dry matter yields, agricultural input requirements and environmental impacts, depending on crop type, management practices, and soil and climate conditions. Their integration into farmers' cropping systems poses specific challenges in terms of environmental impacts, but also opportunities for improvements via the use of grass-legume intercropping or residues from biomass conversion processes. Taking into account the spatial distribution of bioenergy crops is paramount to assessing their environmental impacts, in particular on biodiversity, or the food versus energy competition issue. However, few modelling frameworks convey the full complexity of the underlying processes and drivers, whether economic, social or biophysical. In particular, social impacts of bioenergy projects are seldom assessed and there is no methodological consensus. The main research areas identified involve: multi-crop and multi-site experiments, along with modelling, to optimise management practices and cropping systems producing bioenergy, possibly on alternative lands and under future climate changes; the design of innovative cropping systems using expert knowledge to ensure suitable integration into farmers' cropping systems; the collection of detailed data on the location of bioenergy crops to validate theoretical modelling frameworks and improve sustainability ...

submitted to Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews ; International audience ; Meeting future policy targets for bioenergy development worldwide poses major challenges for biomass feedstock supply chains in terms of competitiveness, reliability and sustainability. This paper reviews current knowledge on the sustainability of agricultural feedstock supply chains and emphasize future research needs. It covers annual and perennial feedstocks, and environmental, economic and social aspects. Knowledge gaps and technological options to assess and meet sustainability criteria are reviewed from plot to landscape and global scales. Bioenergy feedstocks present a wide range of dry matter yields, agricultural input requirements and environmental impacts, depending on crop type, management practices, and soil and climate conditions. Their integration into farmers' cropping systems poses specific challenges in terms of environmental impacts, but also opportunities for improvements via the use of grass-legume intercropping or residues from biomass conversion processes. Taking into account the spatial distribution of bioenergy crops is paramount to assessing their environmental impacts, in particular on biodiversity, or the food versus energy competition issue. However, few modelling frameworks convey the full complexity of the underlying processes and drivers, whether economic, social or biophysical. In particular, social impacts of bioenergy projects are seldom assessed and there is no methodological consensus. The main research areas identified involve: multi-crop and multi-site experiments, along with modelling, to optimise management practices and cropping systems producing bioenergy, possibly on alternative lands and under future climate changes; the design of innovative cropping systems using expert knowledge to ensure suitable integration into farmers' cropping systems; the collection of detailed data on the location of bioenergy crops to validate theoretical modelling frameworks and improve sustainability ...

submitted to Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews ; International audience ; Meeting future policy targets for bioenergy development worldwide poses major challenges for biomass feedstock supply chains in terms of competitiveness, reliability and sustainability. This paper reviews current knowledge on the sustainability of agricultural feedstock supply chains and emphasize future research needs. It covers annual and perennial feedstocks, and environmental, economic and social aspects. Knowledge gaps and technological options to assess and meet sustainability criteria are reviewed from plot to landscape and global scales. Bioenergy feedstocks present a wide range of dry matter yields, agricultural input requirements and environmental impacts, depending on crop type, management practices, and soil and climate conditions. Their integration into farmers' cropping systems poses specific challenges in terms of environmental impacts, but also opportunities for improvements via the use of grass-legume intercropping or residues from biomass conversion processes. Taking into account the spatial distribution of bioenergy crops is paramount to assessing their environmental impacts, in particular on biodiversity, or the food versus energy competition issue. However, few modelling frameworks convey the full complexity of the underlying processes and drivers, whether economic, social or biophysical. In particular, social impacts of bioenergy projects are seldom assessed and there is no methodological consensus. The main research areas identified involve: multi-crop and multi-site experiments, along with modelling, to optimise management practices and cropping systems producing bioenergy, possibly on alternative lands and under future climate changes; the design of innovative cropping systems using expert knowledge to ensure suitable integration into farmers' cropping systems; the collection of detailed data on the location of bioenergy crops to validate theoretical modelling frameworks and improve sustainability ...

Key messages: - Several sustainability certification schemes have been developed for palm oil; however, the field impacts of these schemes remain highly uncertain. The Sustainable Palm Oil Production (SPOP) project, funded by the French National Research Agency (ANR), was aimed at consolidating and deepening the scientific basis of these schemes. - SPOP field work undertaken in Indonesia and Cameroon highlighted the large variability in practices and impacts of oil palm systems. Our main results related to the uncovering of the multiplicity of growers and their trajectories, and identifying room for improvement and the need for recommendations adapted to the various grower contexts and strategies. - The SPOP project made it explicit that visions of sustainability and global challenges vary greatly among growers and other stakeholders involved in the palm oil sector. These diverging conceptions are most likely to induce bottlenecks in the definition and implementation of good practices and should be accounted for in the refinement of sustainability criteria. - Within the SPOP project, we investigated possible futures for oil palm using participatory prospective analyses and multi-agent-based modeling work. Our research work showed that capacity development and the organizational capacity of smallholders, fair partnerships and combined forms of governance are key drivers in ensuring the uptake of good practices and sustainable development at the landscape scale.

Des chaînes d'approvisionnement en biomasse respectueuses de l'environnement et économiquement compétitives sont un facteur clé de succès pour le développement de la bio-économie. Or Celui-ci est susceptible d'être entravé par la pénurie potentielle de biomasse lignocellulosique, matière première la plus demandée pour fabriquer des produits bio-sources. Des technologies innovantes pour la gestion des cultures, la récolte de biomasse et leur prétraitement, le stockage et le transport offrent de nombreuses possibilités pour augmenter l'offre en biomasse tout en réduisant les coûts et en minimisant les impacts négatifs sur l'environnement. Trois récents projets européens visaient à développer de telles technologies, l'ensemble des chaînes logistiques, et à évaluer leur viabilité et durabilité. Les sources de biomasse étudiées incluaient les rémanents forestiers, les résidus d'arboriculture ainsi que des cultures lignocellulosiques annuelles, pérennes et ligneuses. Des filières existantes dans différentes régions d'Europe ont servi de cas d'étude en vraie grandeur et de support pour des démonstrations à l'échelle commerciale. Les principaux verrous identifiés concernent le stockage de biomasse et la phase de production pour les cultures dédiées, et des leviers d'amélioration portant sur la densification de la biomasse, le développement de systèmes de récolte plus efficaces et les systèmes de production de biomasse ont permis de réduire les coûts, la consommation d'énergie et les émissions de gaz à effet de serre. ; Cost-efficient, environmental-friendly and socially sustainable biomass supply chains are urgently needed to achieve the 2020 and 2030 targets of the European Union. Optimized logistics are a key factor of success for bio-based value-chains, and there is currently ample room for improvement. Innovative techniques for crop management, biomass harvesting and pre-treatment, storage and transport offer a prime avenue to increase biomass supply while keeping costes down and minimizing adverse environmental impacts. This communication will draw on results from recent projects funded by the European Commission on the development of new or improved technologies for logistics chains, encompassing energy crops, forest and agricultural residues. It includes an assessment of their sustainability at supply-area level for small to large-scale bio-based projects. The main bottlenecks of logistics reside in storage capacity and feedstock production, and some promising avenues to alleviate include legume-lignocellulosics mixtures, decentralized densification via briquetting, more efficient harversting systems and a widening of harvesting time windows. In a case-study in Burgundy, reduction in costs of more than 30% could be achieved with these options, along with an abatement of 10 to 20 % of greenhouse gas emissions.