Suchergebnisse

Achieving transport connectivity is a priority in China&rsquo ; s &ldquo ; Belt and Road Initiative&rdquo ; . In order to further understand the impact of railway infrastructure on city-level economic expansion, we set cities with high-speed rail as the treatment group and those without high-speed rail as the control group, and a difference-in-differences (DID) technique was used to estimate the growth impact and heterogeneity of high-speed rail opening on the economic growth of cities along the New Silk Road Economic Belt. The main results are as follows: First, economic growth in cities with operational high-speed rail lines was significantly higher than those without high-speed rail. Second, the impact of high-speed rail on economic growth exhibited distinct heterogeneity. Large cities tend to have a stronger siphoning effect, resulting in more pronounced impact of high-speed rail opening on urban economic growth. Third, cities with higher marketization levels and higher government efficiency were shown to have stronger economic growth effect.

Abstract. In this paper, typhoon simply means tropical cyclone. As risk is future
probability of hazard events, when estimated future probability is the same as
historical probability for a specific period, we can understand risk by
learning from past events. Based on precipitation and wind data over the
mainland of China during 1980–2014 and disaster and social data at the
county level in Zhejiang Province from 2004 to 2012, a study on risk zoning
of typhoon disasters (typhoon disasters in this paper refer to affected
population or direct economic losses caused by typhoons in Zhejiang Province)
is carried out. Firstly, characteristics of typhoon disasters and factors
causing typhoon disasters are analyzed. Secondly, an intensity index of
factors causing typhoon disasters and a population vulnerability index are
developed. Thirdly, combining the two indexes, a comprehensive risk index for
typhoon disasters is obtained and used to zone areas of risk. The above
analyses show that southeastern Zhejiang is the area most affected by
typhoon disasters. The annual probability of the occurrence of typhoon
rainstorms >50 mm decreases from the southeast coast to inland
areas, with a maximum in the boundary region between Fujian and Zhejiang,
which has the highest risk of rainstorms. Southeastern Zhejiang and the
boundary region between Zhejiang and Fujian provinces and the Hangzhou Bay
area are most frequently affected by extreme typhoon winds and have the
highest risk of wind damage. The population of southwestern Zhejiang is the
most vulnerable to typhoons as a result of the relatively undeveloped
economy, mountainous terrain and the high risk of geological disasters in
this region. Vulnerability is lower in the cities due to better disaster
prevention and reduction strategies and a more highly educated population.
The southeast coastal areas face the highest risk of typhoon disasters,
especially in the boundary region between Taizhou and Wenzhou cities.
Although the inland mountainous areas are not directly affected by typhoons,
they are in the medium-risk category for vulnerability.