Suchergebnisse

The Disparities Elimination Summer Re­search Experience (DESRE) was created to provide hands-on health equity research training opportunities to undergraduate and graduate students, particularly those from backgrounds underrepresented in bio­medical research. Funded by NIH's National Institute on Minority Health and Health Dis­parities, a total of 22 students participated in 4 annual cycles of an intensive, 6-week, full-time, residential research training program consisting of didactics, community immer­sion experiences, peer mentoring, ethics training, and hands-on health disparities research. Demand for the program was high; by the 4th year of implementation, more than 500 applications were received for the cohort's six slots. More than half of DESRE participants came from minority-serving institutions and/or identified as a member of a minority group. Students reported a significant increase in self-reported compe­tency across all of the program's 26 learning objectives from pre- to post-assessment. Further, the program had a 77% success rate in promoting a career in biomedical research and/or health disparities elimina­tion, including 100% of minority participants either entering a graduate program and/or entering careers focused on health equity. Key success factors and lessons learned are discussed. Ethn Dis.2020;30(1):47-54; doi:10.18865/ed.30.1.47

<p><strong>Objectives:</strong> To examine the relationship between race/ethnicity and motivation for weight loss and motivation for exercise among patients with chronic disease.</p><p><strong>Design:</strong> Cross-sectional</p><p><strong>Setting</strong>: The current study took place within a network of federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) in the rural southern United States</p><p><strong>Patients</strong> <strong>or Participants</strong>: 463 active FQHC patients with diabetes and/or hypertension identifying as African American, White Hispanic, or non-Hispanic White participated in the current study.</p><p><strong><em>Main Outcome Measures</em>:</strong> Primary outcomes were assessed using standardized measures of motivation for a) weight loss; and b) hypertension per the Transtheoretical Model</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Multivariate logistic regression revealed that, when controlling for age, sex, education status, employment status, poverty, comorbidity, and weight status, there were no significant differences in motivation for exercise among the different racial/ethnic groups (P=.361). However, when controlling for the same factors, there was a significant difference in motivation for weight loss, with African American participants more than twice as likely as non-Hispanic White participants to be motivated to lose weight (ORAD)=2.430, P=.002).</p><p><strong><em>Conclusions</em>:</strong> Our study suggests that, among rural patients with obesity-related chronic disease, there is a significant variation in motivation to lose weight between racial/ethnic groups. This underscores the importance of culturally tailoring interventions and in considering motivation for change when promoting weight loss behaviors. Additional implications for intervention development and delivery are discussed.<em> Ethn</em> <em>Dis.</em> 2016;26(1):77-84; doi: 10.18865/ed.26.1.77</p>

Health Equity : Overview, History, and Key Concepts / K. Bryant Smalley, Jacob C. Warren, and María Isabel Fernández -- Prejudice, Discrimination, and Health / Denise C. Carty, Kent Key, Cleopatra Caldwell, Tonya French-Turner, Shannon Brownlee, and E. Hill De Loney -- Health Equity Frameworks and Theories / Jacob C. Warren and K. Bryant Smalley -- Health Equity Research and Collaboration Approaches : CBPR, Mixed Methodologies, and Collective Impact / Jacob C. Warren -- African American Health Equity / Faye Z. Belgrave, Jasmine A. Abrams, K. Bryant Smalley, and Jacob C. Warren -- Health Equity in U.S. Latinx Populations / Carmen R. Valdez, Miguel Pinedo, Lianna Patruzzi, Monique Vasquez, and Deliana Garcia -- Asian American Health Equity / Sahnah Lim, Shilpa Patel, Simona C. Kwon, and Edward Tepporn -- American Indian and Alaska Native Health Equity / Royleen J. Ross, Iva GreyWolf, K. Bryant Smalley, and Jacob C. Warren -- Health Equity for Kānaka 'Ōiwi, the Indigenous People of Hawaiʻi / Shelley Soong, Mele Look, Joseph Kaholokula, Momi Akana, and Earl Kawa'a -- Women's Health Equity / Lauren R. Gilbert, Jennifer L. Nguyen, and Mary (Dicey) Jackson Scroggins -- Eliminating Men's Health Disparities / Derek M. Griffith -- LGBTQ Health Equity / Jacob C. Warren, K. Bryant Smalley, and María Isabel Fernández -- Rural, Frontier, and Appalachian Health Equity / K. Bryant Smalley, Jacob C. Warren, and Jean R. Sumner -- Health Equity in Immigrant and Refugee Population / Mark Edberg -- Health Equity in Veteran Populations / Donna L. Washington, Ifeoma Stella Izuchukwu, and Christina E. Harris -- Disabilities and Health Equity -- Achieving Health Equity for Children / Judith Palfrey -- The Role of Cultural Competence and Cultural Humility in Achieving Health Equity / Eric K. Shaw -- The Future of Health Equity / K. Bryant Smalley, Jacob C. Warren. and María Isabel Fernández.

Gender and sexual minority health : history, current state, and terminology / K. Bryant Smalley, Jacob C. Warren, and K. Nikki Barefoot -- Sociocultural and systemic barriers to health for gender and sexual minority populations / Zachary McClain, Rosemary Thomas, and Baligh Yehia -- Health risk behaviors in the gender and sexual minority population / Nathaniel Kralik and Daniel Skinner -- Obesity in gender and sexual minority groups / Tyler B. Mason, Robin J. Lewis, and Kristin Heron -- Cancer in gender and sexual minority groups / Gwendolyn P. Quinn, Janella N. Hudson, Michelle T. Aihe, Lauren E. Wilson, and Matthew B. Schabath -- Chronic illnesses and conditions in gender and sexual minority individuals / Jane A. McElroy and Maria T Brown -- Reproductive health and parenting in gender and sexual minority populations / K. Nikki Barefoot, K. Bryant Smalley, and Jacob C. Warren -- Intimate partner violence among gender and sexual minority groups / Rita M. Melendez and Jillian Salazar -- The needs of gender and sexual minority persons living with disabilities / Franco Dispenza, Tameeka Hunter, and Asha Kumar -- The mental health of gender and sexual minority groups in context / Tracy J. Cohn, Stephen P. Casazza, and Elizabeth M. Cottrell -- Suicide and self-injury in gender and sexual minority populations / Kimberly H.M. O'Brien, Richard T. Liu, Jennifer M. Putney, Taylor A. Burke, and Laika D. Aguinaldo --

Gender and sexual minority health : history, current state, and terminology / K. Bryant Smalley, Jacob C. Warren, and K. Nikki Barefoot -- Sociocultural and systemic barriers to health for gender and sexual minority populations / Zachary McClain, Rosemary Thomas, and Baligh Yehia -- Health risk behaviors in the gender and sexual minority population / Nathaniel Kralik and Daniel Skinner -- Obesity in gender and sexual minority groups / Tyler B. Mason, Robin J. Lewis, and Kristin Heron -- Cancer in gender and sexual minority groups / Gwendolyn P. Quinn, Janella N. Hudson, Michelle T. Aihe, Lauren E. Wilson, and Matthew B. Schabath -- Chronic illnesses and conditions in gender and sexual minority individuals / Jane A. McElroy and Maria T Brown -- Reproductive health and parenting in gender and sexual minority populations / K. Nikki Barefoot, K. Bryant Smalley, and Jacob C. Warren -- Intimate partner violence among gender and sexual minority groups / Rita M. Melendez and Jillian Salazar -- The needs of gender and sexual minority persons living with disabilities / Franco Dispenza, Tameeka Hunter, and Asha Kumar -- The mental health of gender and sexual minority groups in context / Tracy J. Cohn, Stephen P. Casazza, and Elizabeth M. Cottrell -- Suicide and self-injury in gender and sexual minority populations / Kimberly H.M. O'Brien, Richard T. Liu, Jennifer M. Putney, Taylor A. Burke, and Laika D. Aguinaldo

Addressing the needs of America's most underserved areas for mental health services, Rural Mental Health offers the most up-to-date, research-based information on policies and practice in rural and frontier populations. Eminent clinicians and researchers examine the complexities of improving mental health in rural practice and offer clear recommendations which can be adapted into current practice and training programs. They bring an incisive lens to factors that contribute to mental illness and prevent access to treatment areas. These include limited resources, reliance on urban models and assumptions, and pervasive misunderstanding of rural realities by policy makers. The text also addresses diversity issues in regard to rural mental health services. Key Features:.: Focuses on best practices and new models of service delivery in rural populations; Provides clear recommendations for adapting new models in current practice and training programs; Takes a micro and macro approach to service delivery models; Covers contemporary practice applications with specific populations in rural areas.

Rural residents face distinct health challenges due to economic conditions, cultural/behavioral factors, and health provider shortages that combine to impose striking disparities in health outcomes among rural populations. This comprehensive text about the issues of rural public health is the only book to focus on rural health from the perspectives of public health and prevention. It covers specific diseases and disorders faced by rural populations, service delivery challenges, practitioner shortfalls in rural areas, and promising community health approaches and preventive measures. The text also addresses rural health care ethics and international perspectives. Nearly all chapters offer best practice recommendations and evidence-based prevention programs. This book is a cohesive, centralized resource for researchers, public health practitioners, health organizations, and graduate education programs that focus on the public health of rural populations. Key Features:.: Comprises the only text to address rural health from the perspectives of public health and prevention; Includes best practice recommendations and evidence-based prevention programs in each chapter; Presents a cohesive, expansive synthesis of current research and practice; Addresses specific diseases and disorders of rural populations, service delivery problems, and practitioner shortfalls in rural areas; Discusses promising community health approaches and preventative measures.