Suchergebnisse

Psychological strain is associated with suicidal behavior; however, the way that psychological strain leads to suicidal behavior remains unclear. The current study examines the mediation effect of psychache on the relationship between psychological strain and suicidal behavior among Chinese Hui and Han medical students. A total of 1,696 enrolled medical students (974 Han and 722 Hui) were administered the Psychological Strain Scale (PSS), the Suicide Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R) scale, and the Psychache Scale. There were significant differences in the PSS between different ethnic groups. Correlation analysis showed that both psychological strain and psychache were positively correlated with suicidal behaviors, and the two predictive variables were also positively correlated. The mediation effect test procedure showed that the direct and indirect effects (mediator effect) of psychological strain on suicidal behaviors were significant. The findings indicate that psychological strain partially induced psychache in both two ethnicity groups, leading to suicidal behavior in Chinese medical college students.

To assess the effectiveness of China's recent moves to increase community mental health literacy and decrease stigma, we developed the Mental Health Knowledge Questionnaire (MHKQ) and the Mental Health Attitude Questionnaire (MHAQ). Preliminary versions were assessed in pilot studies and revised versions were included in an interviewer-administered community survey of a representative sample of 2425 adult residents of Ningxia Province and a re-test survey in 188 individuals. Internal consistency, factor structure and test-retest reliability were assessed for three measures: (a) the 25-item MHKQ (alpha = .71, 6 factors accounting for 51% of variance identified in exploratory factor analysis of one-half of the sample, and intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] for total score of .40); (b) the 14-item attitudinal subscale of MHAQ (alpha = .69, 3 factors accounting for 42% of variance, ICC = .47); and (c) the 7-item causal attribution subscale of MHAQ (alpha = .60, 3 factors accounting for 60% of variance, ICC = .26). Confirmatory factor analysis assessed fitness of modified models of the measures using chi-squared, comparative fit index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis index (TLI), and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA): (a) for the MHKQ, RMSEA = .037 (90% CFI = .033, .040), CFI = .86, TLI = .84, χ2 = 682.86 (df = 260); (b) for the attitudinal subscale of MHAQ, RMSEA = .045 (CI = .039, .052), CFI = .94, TLI = .92, χ2 = 226.67 ( df = 66); and (c) for the causal attribution subscale of MHAQ, RMSEA = .054 (.039, .069), CFI = .97, TLI = .94, χ2 = 49.13 ( df = 11). We conclude that the internal consistency and factor structure of the new measures are satisfactory, but further work is needed to improve the scales' stability and to assess the construct validity and responsiveness of the scales.

Abstract Background Ecological migrants has a special background compared with other types of migrant. However, the mental health status of ecological migrants who were expected to benefit from a massive "ecological migration project" initiated by the Chinese government is unknown. This study aims to explore the influence of environmental change on individuals' mental health and to improve current understanding of the mechanisms that mental disorders occurred. Methods The data were extracted from a cross-sectional study. Anxiety disorders, mood disorders and substance use disorders were assessed using the Chinese version WHO-CIDI. The prevalence of mental disorders was stratified by migration status into ecological migrant, local resident and original resident groups. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to calculate the risk of prevalence among these three groups. Results After controlling for gender, ethnicity, age, marriage, and education, the migrants had lower risk of mental disorders than original residents [OR = 0.70 (95 % CI: 0.57–0.86)], p < 0.001), but had a higher risk of mental disorders than local residents [OR = 1.29 (95 % CI: 1.06–1.55)], p = 0.007). Conclusion The ecological migration project may be beneficial to people's mental health by improving their living environment and social economy.

Studies have shown that traumatic experiences are positively associated with risk of suicidal behaviors, whereas religiosity has been found to be negatively associated with that risk. How exactly religiosity interacts with traumatic experiences in its relationship to suicidal behaviors remains unclear. The current study examined the moderating effects of religiosity on the relationship between traumatic experiences and suicidal behaviors in 5,301 college students in northwestern China. Results indicated a strong positive association between traumatic experiences and suicidal behaviors (β = .46, p < .01), and a weak inverse association between religiosity and suicidal behaviors (β = –.06, p < .01). However, a significant interaction emerged between religiosity and traumatic experiences in their effect on suicidal behaviors (β = –.23, p < .01). These findings suggest that religiosity may play a role in reducing the risk of traumatic experiences-induced suicidal behaviors among college students in a largely secular society.