Suchergebnisse

"In the Preface to the second edition of the Science of Logic, Hegel speaks of an instinctive and unconscious logic whose forms and determinations 'always remain imperceptible and incapable of becoming objective even as they emerge in language.' In spite of Hegel's ambitions to provide a philosophical system that might transcend messy human nature, Félix Duque argues that human nature remains stubbornly present in precisely this way. In this book he responds to the 'remnants' of Hegel's work not to explicate his philosophy, but instead to explore the limits of his thought. He begins with the tension between singularity and universality, both as a metaphysical issue in terms of substance and subject, and as a theological issue in terms of ideas about the human and divine nature of Jesus. Duque argues that the questions these issues bring out require a search for some antecedent authority, for which he turns to Hegel's theory of "second nature" and the idea of nature as reflected in the nation state. He considers Hegel's evaluation of the French Revolution in the context of political and civil life, and in a religious context, how Hegel saw considerations of authority and guilt sublimated and purified in the development of Christianity"--

Intro -- Contents -- Abbreviations -- 1. Introduction: Thomas Hobbes: A Pioneer of Modernity -- 1.1. Three Challenges of the Epoch -- 1.2. A Pioneer in Three Senses -- 1.3. The Continuity of Hobbes's Development -- I. Hobbes's Career and Philosophical Development -- 2. Beginnings -- 2.1. Student, Tutor, and Traveling Companion -- 2.2. Euclid and Galileo -- 2.3. The English Civil War -- 2.4. Exile in Paris -- 3. Leviathan and Behemoth -- 3.1. A Fractured Relationship to Rhetoric -- 3.2. The Symbol of Leviathan -- 3.3. The Return to England -- II. The Encyclopedic Character of Hobbes's Philosophy -- 4. Science in the Service of Peace -- 4.1. The Principal Aim of Hobbes's Philosophy -- 4.2. The Complex Method -- 4.3. The Mathematical Paradigm and Its Limits -- 4.4. Ethics and Political Authority -- 4.5. Analysis and Composition -- 5. Natural Philosophy and the Theory of Knowledge -- 5.1. Empirical Realism -- 5.2. Levels of Knowledge -- 5.3. On Dreams -- 5.4. Prudence -- 6. Language, Reason, and Science -- 6.1. Language 1: The Pre-communicative Dimension -- 6.2. Language 2: The Political Dimension -- 6.3. Realism and Nominalism -- 6.4. The Framework of Language and Reason -- 6.5. Science -- 6.6. Hobbes's Division of the Sciences -- 7. An Anthropology of the Individual: The Passions -- 7.1. A Naturalistic Hedonism -- 7.2. A Topography of the Passions -- 7.3. Freedom, Self-Preservation, and Determinism -- 7.4. Power -- 8. An Anthropology of the Social: The Possibility of Peace in a Condition of War -- 8.1. The Conditions of Peace -- 8.2. "Man Is a Wolf to Man" -- 8.3. A Prevailing Inclination for Peace? -- 9. Legitimating the State -- 9.1. The Laws of Nature -- 9.2. A Moral Philosophy? -- 9.3. The Original Contract -- 9.4. Absolute Authority -- 9.5. A Right to Rebellion? -- 10. Law -- 10.1. "Not Truth but Authority" -- 10.2. The Division of Laws.

This collection of essays, first published in German in 1995, has been written by the foremost representative of the hermeneutical approach in German philosophy. It offers a quite original interpretation of the tradition of German Idealist thought - Kant, Fichte, Schelling, Hegel. Rüdiger Bubner seeks to cast fresh light on the genuine philosophical innovations in the complex of issues and aspirations which dominated German intellectual life from 1780 to 1830. His major question is: in what way did the Idealists change philosophy, reformulate traditional issues, and especially, reinterpret traditional figures? His answer to this question involves focusing on the literary and cultural spirit of the time, thus broadening the question of philosophical innovation and locating it within the wider framework of innovations and continuities within the Western intellectual tradition itself. This collection will be of special interest to students of German philosophy, literary theory and the history of ideas

The Memory of Thought reconstructs the philosophy of Adorno and Heidegger in the light of the importance that these thinkers attach to two proper names: Auschwitz and Germanien. In Adorno's dialectical thinking, Auschwitz is the name of an incommensurable historical event that seems to put a provisional end to history as a negative totality. In Heidegger's thinking of Being, Germanien is a name inscribed in an historical mission on which the fate of Western civilization seems to depend: it thus becomes the name of a positive totality of history.

This volume brings to English readers the finest postwar German-language scholarship on Kant's moral and legal philosophy. Examining Kant's relation to predecessors such as Hutcheson, Wolff, and Baumgarten, it clarifies the central issues in each of Kant's major works in practical philosophy, including The Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, The Critique of Practical Reason, and The Metaphysics of Morals. It also examines the relation of Kant's philosophy to politics. Collectively, the essays in this volume provide English readers with a direct view of how leading German philosophers are now regarding Kant's revolutionary practical philosophy, one of the outstanding achievements of German thought

Kant's preface: The metaphysics of morals and the strategy of the groundwork -- Of the groundwork: the good will, duty, and the derivation of the categorical imperative -- Of the groundwork: practical reason, imperatives, and their formulas -- Of the groundwork: the deduction of the categorical imperative

By the end of May 2020, all states in the US have eased their COVID-19 mitigation measures. Different states adopted markedly different policies and timing for reopening. An important question remains in how the relaxation of mitigation measures is related to the number of casualties. To address this question, we compare the actual data to a hypothetical case in which the mitigation measures are left intact using a projection of the data from before mitigation measures were eased. We find that different states have shown significant differences between the actual number of deaths and the projected figures within the present model. We relate these differences to the states different policies and reopening schedules. Our study provides a gauge for the effectiveness of the approaches by different state governments and can serve as a guide for implementing best policies in the future. According to the Pearson correlation coefficients we obtained, the face mask mandate has the strongest correlation with the death count than any other policies we considered.

To access publisher full text version of this article. Please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field. ; Common sequence variants have recently joined rare structural polymorphisms as genetic factors with strong evidence for association with schizophrenia. Here we extend our previous genome-wide association study and meta-analysis (totalling 7 946 cases and 19 036 controls) by examining an expanded set of variants using an enlarged follow-up sample (up to 10 260 cases and 23 500 controls). In addition to previously reported alleles in the major histocompatibility complex region, near neurogranin (NRGN) and in an intron of transcription factor 4 (TCF4), we find two novel variants showing genome-wide significant association: rs2312147[C], upstream of vaccinia-related kinase 2 (VRK2) [odds ratio (OR) = 1.09, P = 1.9 × 10(-9)] and rs4309482[A], between coiled-coiled domain containing 68 (CCDC68) and TCF4, about 400 kb from the previously described risk allele, but not accounted for by its association (OR = 1.09, P = 7.8 × 10(-9)). ; European Union LSHM-CT-2006-037761 PIAP-GA-2008-218251 HEALTH-F2-2009-223423 National Genome Research Network of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) 01GS08144 01GS08147 National Institute of Mental Health R01 MH078075 N01 MH900001 MH074027 Centre of Excellence for Complex Disease Genetics of the Academy of Finland 213506 129680 Biocentrum Helsinki Foundation Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki Stanley Medical Research Institute Danish Council for Strategic Research 2101-07-0059 H. Lundbeck A/S Research Council of Norway 163070/V50 South-East Norway Health Authority 2004-123 Medical Research Council Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, Spain PI081522 Xunta de Galicia 08CSA005208PR Swedish Research Council Wellcome Trust 083948/Z/07/Z Max Planck Society Eli Lilly and Company ; info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/218251