Suchergebnisse

The brownmarmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stal), is an invasive species from Asia capable of causing severe agricultural damage. It can also be a nuisance pest when it enters and exits anthropogenic overwintering sites. In recent years, pheromone lures and traps for H. halys have been developed and used to monitor populations in field studies. To date, no study has investigated the applicability of these monitoring tools for use indoors by building residents during the overwintering period. Herein, we 1) assessed when in late winter (diapause) and spring (postdiapause) H. halys begins to respond to its pheromone (10,11-epoxy-1-bisabolen-3-ol), 2) evaluated whether pheromone-based tools can be used reliably for monitoring H. halys adults in unheated and heated buildings, and 3) elucidated the potential for indoor management using pheromone-baited traps. A 2-yr trapping study suggested that H. halys began to respond reliably to pheromone-baited traps after a critical photoperiod of 13.5h in the spring. Captures before that point were not correlated with visual counts of bugs in buildings despite robust populations, suggesting currently available pheromone-baited traps were ineffective for surveillance of diapausing H. halys. Finally, because baited traps captured only 8-20% of the adult H. halys known to be present per location, they were not an effective indoor management tool for overwintering H. halys. Our study contributes important knowledge about the capacity of H. halys to perceive its pheromone during overwintering, and the ramifications thereof for building residents with nuisance problems. ; USDA NIFA SCRI CAP Grant [2016-51181-25409] ; We would like to thank the excellent technical assistant of McKenzie Allen (USDA-ARS), John Cullum (USDA-ARS), Jean Engelman (Virginia Tech), Elizabeth Fread (Virginia Tech), Torri Hancock (USDA-ARS), Jamie Hogue (Virginia Tech), Adam Morehead (Virginia Tech), Brittany Poling (USDA-ARS), and Steve Schoof (NC State University). This project was funded by a USDA NIFA SCRI CAP Grant 2016-51181-25409. The use of trade names is for the purposes of providing scientific information only, and does not constitute endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity employer. ; Public domain authored by a U.S. government employee

Halyomorpha halys (Stal), the brown marmorated stink bug, is a globally invasive stink bug species. Its first major outbreak was in the United States, where it has caused millions of dollars in damage, threatened livelihoods of specialty crop growers and impacted row crop growers, and become an extreme nuisance pest in and around dwellings. The BMSB IPM Working Group, funded by the Northeastern IPM Center, was central to providing a mechanism to form a multidisciplinary team and develop initial and subsequent research, Extension, regulatory and consumer priorities. Ultimately, a project team consisting of over 50 scientists from 11 institutions in 10 states obtained the largest ever USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative CAP grant, totaling over $10.7 million, to tackle this crisis over a 5-yr period (2011-2016). Researchers and Extension educators integrated stakeholder feedback throughout the course of the project, and priorities evolved according to needs of affected growers and public stakeholders. Initially, the team focused on identification of H. halys, its damage symptoms and crop-specific risks, and short-term mitigation strategies for crop protection. Subsequently, work focused on its biology, ecology, and behavior leading to the development of potential longer-term IPM tactics and landscape level management solutions, including biological control. This work continues under a second SCRI CAP grant (2016-2021). The information from the initial team reached an estimated 22,000 specialty crop stakeholder contacts via Extension efforts, and over 600 million people via mainstream media. We highlight the main lessons learned from coordinating a national response to the threat posed by H. halys to agriculture in the United States. ; USDA NIFAUnited States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [SCRI 2011-51181-30937, SCRI 2016-51181-25409]; Northeast SARE Grant [LNE14-334]; USDA-ARS Project [808021000-024-00-D]; Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services-Division of Plant Industry ; Mention of a concept, idea, trade name, or commercial product in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity employer. This work was funded, in part, by USDA NIFA SCRI 2011-51181-30937, USDA-NIFA-SCRI 2016-51181-25409, Northeast SARE Grant LNE14-334, USDA-ARS Project 808021000-024-00-D, and the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services-Division of Plant Industry. ; Public domain authored by a U.S. government employee

Since the establishment of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stal) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in North America and Europe, there has been a large, multi-group effort to characterize the composition and impact of the indigenous community of arthropod natural enemies attacking this invasive pest. In this review, we combine 98 indigenous natural enemy datasets spanning a variety of sampling methods, habitats, and geographic areas. To date, the vast majority of H. halys biological control research has focused on the egg stage, using sentinel egg masses to characterize indigenous parasitoid and predator communities and their contribution to H. halys egg mortality. Although egg parasitism and predation levels by indigenous natural enemies are low (typically <10% each) in most surveys, total egg mortality attributable to natural enemies can be higher (typically between 5 and 25%; up to 83%)-even though these values were likely underestimated in most cases because some mortality due to biological control was not recognized. In North America, where the most data are available, it appears that the relative prevalence of different indigenous parasitoid species varies among habitat types, particularly between crop and non-crop habitats. Predator species responsible for egg mortality are much less commonly identified, but appear to include a wide variety of generalist chewing and sucking predators. To date, studies of natural enemies attacking H. halys nymphs and adults are relatively rare. Based on our review, we identify a number of key research gaps and suggest several directions for future research. ; USDA-NIFA-OREI [2012-51300-20097]; USDA-NIFA-SCRI [2011-51181-30937]; Multistate Hatch Project [USDA NE-1032]; Federally funded Specialty Crop Block Grant [13054]; State Horticultural Association of Pennsylvania; Pennsylvania State University Hatch Project [Pen04619] ; The authors wish to thank the following for research assistance collecting data used in this review: Clint Fleshman, Dana Martin, Chad Kramer, Lindsay Stump, Chelsea Berish, Sarah Detraz, Waydon Yates, the UKY farm crew, Emma Thrift, Treva Rowley, Nathan Erwin, Rose Borror, Zachary Johnson, Heather Leach, Megan Lowlor, Brooke Merrill, Devon Newsom, Gary Parason, Ryan Paul, Trisha Samota, McKenzie Allen, Brittany Poling, Morgan Douglas, Samuel Brandt, Torri Hancock, John Cullum, Adam Cave, Tina Dancau, Dennis Quach, Chris Hughes, Lot Miller, Kathy Wholaver, Katy Ellis, Silvia T. Moraglio, Marco G. Pansa, Kathy Tatman, Kylie Mendonca, Kody Transue, Max Sinton, Andrew Lyons, Elizabeth Fread, Abigail Rosenburg, Jeremy Turner, and Steve Schoof. We thank the following grower cooperators: Jeff Dickinson, Mike Laughlin, Sue Borton, Guy Ashmore, Redbud Farm, Barry Rice, and Scott Slaybaugh. Funding for the work synthesized in this review includes grants from the USDA-NIFA-OREI No. 2012-51300-20097; USDA-NIFA-SCRI Nos. 2011-51181-30937; USDA NE-1032 Multistate Hatch Project; Federally funded Specialty Crop Block Grant 13054, administered by the California Department of Food & Agriculture; State Horticultural Association of Pennsylvania; Pennsylvania State University Hatch Project No. Pen04619. The USDA does not endorse any commercial product mentioned in this research. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. ; Public domain authored by a U.S. government employee