Suchergebnisse

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- List of Tables and Illustrations -- Acknowledgments -- 1 The Relevance of Regulation -- Environmentalism as Local Urge -- The Critique: Stranglers of the Economy -- Economy Versus the Environment: Some Past Findings -- Local Regulation and Urban Theory -- Assessing Regulation -- Plan of the Book -- 2 Sites -- Learning from Southern California -- Selecting Study Sites -- Identifying Growth Controls -- Santa Barbara South Coast -- Santa Monica -- The Riverside Area -- Growth Controls in Place: A Summary -- 3 Has Growth Been Stopped? Not Much -- First Findings: Rates of Growth -- Testing the Power of Growth Restrictions -- An Alternative Testing Strategy -- 4 Power to Build: How Cities Grow Under Growth Control -- Growth Through Symbolic Growth Control -- Growth Through Episodic Growth Control -- Growth Through Countervailing Policies -- Growth Through Developer Initiatives -- The Context of Control: Comparative Power Advantages -- The Ways of Growth -- 5 Project Peddling: What Gets Approved and How -- Peddling Around with Our Projects -- What Gets Approved and How -- Project Environmental Reviews -- Local Knowledge Base for Planning Decisions -- Resisting Growth: A Matter of Degree -- 6 Indirect Effects: How Building Rules Make Growth Different -- Traffic -- Natural Limits -- Affordable Housing -- Social Equity -- Urban Spatial Form -- Project Aesthetics -- Exactions on the Ground: A Tally Between Places -- 7 Building the Rules -- Enhancing the Quality of Public Decisions -- Regulation as Economic Boon -- Grounding Sustainability -- Who Wins What? -- Making Markets Smarter -- Valuing Land and Community -- Balancing Commercial and Public Interests -- Taking Stock of Local Controls -- Appendix A: Measuring Growth Control Impacts -- Notes to Appendix A

Much of the activism for environmental justice has focused on the toxic by-products of industrial production, but the environmental conditions of low-income and minority communities are also affected in important ways by broader patterns of urban growth. This article examines the conceptual and policy linkages that can be made between managing growth and enhancing environmental quality for all segments of the community. This is based on an examination of three areas of local policy—managing local environments, guiding development, and managing infrastructure—using local examples and with a discussion of implications for research and practice.

Growth controls and related regulations have been blamed for slowing economies and creating housing shortages and praised for preserving the environment. At first glance, these measures appear to challenge the priorities of the growth machines that dominate most urban governance. By analyzing a series of Southern California jurisdictions, the authors explain how growth takes place even under tight controls. Growth controls do not significantly limit development but, rather, enable local officials to generate higher public benefits from the growth that occurs. The specific conditions of growth under growth control help reveal how urban growth works in a more environmentalist era.

A tie to the old-country religion remains one of the ways by which ethnic group identity is expressed and maintained in America. Recent survey results suggest, however, that this relationship between religion and ethnicity is not as strong as it once may have been. Moreover, the degree of ethnic and religious identification, as well as the strength of their corelationship, varies from one ethnic group to another. After a presentation of these facts, we then discuss what they mean for ethnic assimilation and religious development in these waning years of the twentieth century.

Data from telephone interviews with 650 adults in CA, MA, NC, & OH are used to examine the relationship between ethnicity & religious identity, focusing on religion as: (1) the major foundation of ethnicity; (2) one of several foundations of ethnicity, the others being language & territorial origin; & (3) ethnicity, wherein an ethnic group may be linked to a religious tradition & also to other ethnic groups. The data reveal that, in the case of US Catholics, religious identity helps to maintain ethnic identity more than nonreligious ethnic identity helps to maintain religious identity. The results of a replication study are also discussed. The findings support the contention that ethnic identification & loyalty to the religion of one's ethnic group have tended to diminish simultaneously in the US context. 2 Tables. Adapted from the source document.