Suchergebnisse

AbstractResearch on cultural production has recognized that artistic creation, especially fandom subcultures, depends on social interaction within artworlds. Yet less research has examined how creative production functions when exogenous social forces disrupt key forms of interaction. This study leverages the case of Chinese fanfiction writers' response when state censorship interrupts and threatens fanfiction writing to better understand the vulnerability of creative communities. Based on interviews with Chinese fanfiction writers who experienced an unexpected intensification of online censorship in 2020, and following fandom studies in understanding fanfiction as rooted in a gift economy, I show how censorship discouraged writing by destabilizing interaction and interfering with gift exchanges. I find that censorship transformed cultural production by (1) reorganizing and fragmenting networks, (2) reshaping the meaning of visibility, and (3) opening up new opportunities in a disintegrated community. As this study argues, we need to go beyond asking whether censorship is effectively destructive or not. While creative communities are vulnerable to outside disruption, especially in online space, the pressure of censorship leads to new conventions, networks, and fields for artistic creation as censorship does not simply strangle creativity.

The ecological environment of China is facing much more pressure with the continuous growth of population and energy usage. China pays more attention to improving the ecological environment quality with the ecological civilization development in the situation. The key problem is to construct a scientific and reasonable comprehensive evaluation index system guiding the ecological environment quality improvement. This paper creates a comprehensive evaluation index system of ecological environment quality based on the Pressure-State-Response (PSR) framework and uses a hybrid model with the entropy weight method and matter-element extension to evaluate China's ecological environment quality from 2016 to 2020. The results show the overall ecological environment quality evaluation level in China is continuously improved. The results also show that China should pay much attention to the four main factors, which are population density, carbon emissions, per capita energy consumption, and per capita arable land, it should take some policies to improve the four factors. The case study has proven the effectiveness and practicality of the hybrid method and the comprehensive evaluation index system.

Ascites is among the most common complications of liver cirrhosis and is associated with a high mortality rate. The present retrospective study aimed to evaluate the potential correlation between in-hospital mortality of liver cirrhosis and volume of ascites. Patients with liver cirrhosis who were admitted to the General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region (Shenyang, China) between June 2012 and June 2014 and underwent axial abdomino-pelvic computed tomography (CT) scans were retrospectively reviewed. The volume of ascites was approximated using a five-point method, and diagnostic accuracy was expressed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Of the 177 patients reviewed in the present study, 117 (61.10%) exhibited ascites on CT scans, and the in-hospital mortality rate was 4.52% (8/177). Child-Pugh and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores were significantly increased in the presence of ascites (P300 ml (n=72), the AUROCs of the Child-Pugh score, MELD score, and ascites volume for predicting in-hospital mortality were 0.939 (95% CI, 0.856–0982), 0.952 (95% CI, 0.873–0.988), and 0.782 (95% CI, 0.668–0.871), respectively. These AUROCs did not differ significantly. In conclusion, quantification of ascites may aid to predict the in-hospital mortality rate of cirrhotic patients.

Chapter 1. Urbanization and urban climate in high-density cities -- Chapter 2. Origins and evolution of the Local Climate Zone classification system -- Chapter 3. Current popular methods for LCZ mapping -- Chapter 4. Recent improvements in supervised pixel-based LCZ classification -- Chapter 5. Application of LCZ to urban heat island studies -- Chapter 6. Application of LCZ to land use and land cover studies -- Chapter 7. Application of LCZ to wind environment studies -- Chapter 8. Application of LCZ to energy consumption and carbon emission modeling -- Chapter 9. Application of LCZ to thermal comfort and health-related studies -- Chapter 10. Application of LCZ to time-series urban morphology detection -- Chapter 11. Application of LCZ in mesoscale meteorological model simulations and climate projection -- Chapter 12. Integration of LCZ to planning strategies -- Chapter 13. Conclusions and outlook.